After deciding to let Liu De negotiate with Goluo on his behalf, Zhao Qiang closed the door and stopped seeing anyone. He asked the guards to guard outside the courtyard and not allow anyone to get close. Then he stayed in the house alone and recalled everything about "Nerchinsk" in his mind.
I wrote down all the contents of the Treaty one by one, and then drafted the negotiation contents based on the contents of this treaty and the actual situation of Guan Ningjun.【】
Zhao Qiang remembers that at the Nerchinsk Conference, the Qing Dynasty representative Soetu prepared three demarcation strategies, namely the next three strategies. The strategy: use the Lena River as the boundary; the strategy: use Nerchinsk as the boundary; the next strategy: use Nerchinsk as the boundary; the next strategy: use Nerchinsk as the boundary
The Ergun River is the boundary. Of these three strategies, it is suspected that the following strategy is most beneficial to the Qing Dynasty, because if the Lena River is the boundary, the Kamchatka Peninsula east of the Lena River, including the Bering Strait, is the territory of the Qing Dynasty.
, that is to say, all the land from Rooster's Head to the Arctic Ocean on the map of later countries belonged to the Qing Dynasty. If Nerchinsk was used as the dividing line, Bize would lose one-half of its territory, and the Ergun River would be used as the boundary.
Another half of the land will be lost, that is, all the territory currently controlled by Zhao Qiang will become Russian territory in the name of law.
But in the end, because the negotiator Soetuneng could not withstand Goluo's intimidation, and because Kangxi wanted to deploy heavy troops to pacify the Russian-backed Junggar, he did not want to start a war with the Russians again, lest both sides would be unable to cope, so
In the end, they chose to sign a treaty with the Russians with the Ergun River as the boundary, and gave up millions of square kilometers of land. Originally, the territory west and east of Lake Baikal was the territory of the Outer Mongolian tribes, which also belonged to the Qing Dynasty in name, and they were all abandoned.
The abandonment of these territories laid the foundation for Russia's subsequent invasion. More than 100 years later, based on the places abandoned by the Qing Dynasty, Russia eventually seized more than 1 million square kilometers of land in the Northeast, thus becoming the world's largest land power.
The Treaty of Nerchinsk established by the Qing Dynasty and Russia not only determined the dividing line between the two countries, but also stipulated that "Hunters from the two countries, etc., shall not trespass the established boundary regardless of any accident. If there are one or two lowly people, either because of hunting or theft,
, those who cross the border without authorization will be immediately tied up with weapons and sent to the officials in each country. The case will be investigated and the case will be investigated and punished immediately according to law. If more than ten people cross the border to gather together, or hunt with weapons, or kill people and commit robbery, they must report it to the emperors of the two countries, and they will be punished according to the crime.
The death penalty is imposed. It is neither prepared for war because a small number of people violate the prohibition, nor is it used to lead to bloodshed."
There are other words such as: "This agreement stipulates that all matters in the past will never be settled. From the day when the eternal peace between the two countries was settled, if there are any fugitives in the future, they will not be accepted and should be sent back with weapons." "Now the Russian people are in the country.
Or the Chinese people in Russia, all the news remains the same as before." "From the date of the peace treaty, all peoples of the two countries who hold passports will be able to cross the border and are allowed to trade with each other." It can be said that except for clauses such as
In addition to ceding large tracts of land, the Manchu Qing government indeed achieved "equalization" of diplomacy.
Yes, except that the land was gone, the treaty was fair and equal. Thinking of the words of equality written in the "Treaty of Nerchinsk" that he had come to, Zhao Qiang couldn't help but want to laugh. I really don't know what Suo'etu's head is.
Is it rusty? The trigger for the conflict between the two countries is land. In the end, when you have the advantage in military strength, you don't want the land and want the so-called "peace" instead. It's really ridiculous! What's even more ridiculous is that,
Originally, they fought desperately for the land of Yaksa, and besieged it with 20,000 troops for half a year. In the end, ten Zhili were ceded to the Russians with a stroke of a pen. It is really hard not to laugh.
That's all, you don't want me! Zhao Qiang slammed the table, thought for a while, then picked up the pen and started writing on the paper.
Negotiation is just like doing business. He raises the price and makes big counteroffers, so Zhao Qiang naturally thought of the lion's big mouth. It was like in his previous life when he was buying clothes at the shopping mall in his hometown city, and the other party asked for three hundred, and then he said nothing.
Don't tell me, fold it in half and cut it in half, seventy-five yuan, sell it or not, or leave if you don't want to sell it! If the boss really doesn't want to sell it and doesn't call him back when he leaves, then he comes back and adds another twenty yuan, usually like this
Under any circumstances, Zhao Qiang can end the battle with satisfaction while wearing his prime minister's clothes. This kind of common business in the market is actually negotiation. There is no essential difference between the negotiation between ordinary people and the negotiation between countries. The only difference lies in the size of the matter discussed.
In the final analysis, profit is just a word. If it is beneficial, talk about it; if it is beneficial, fight it; if it is beneficial, there will be peace; if it is not, there will be no peace!
However, in this transaction, Zhao Qiang made the offer and Goluo made the counter-offer, so Zhao Qiang's mentality was much better than when he made the counter-offer. After all, he didn't have to look down on his boss, and he didn't have to worry about whether he really underpaid, and Guan Ningjun's current strength was better than that of the Far East.
The Russian army is not even remotely strong, so he, a strong man, can naturally set out the conditions he wants. Anyway, the Russians are not sincere enough in this negotiation. If you use it to scare them, they will be scared to death if they fail to negotiate.
More than half an hour later, after some hard thinking, calculation and torture, Zhao Qiang finally stopped writing, stretched out contentedly, and then looked at the "Han-Russian-Nerchinsk Treaty" he had drafted like a treasure.
Ning Jun does not have the banner of Zhu's "Da Ming" or Wu Sangui's "Da Zhou", nor does he have his own country, so Zhao Qiang can only use the word "Han" to replace Guan Ning's army and himself. In his Hanyuni
The Treaty of Buchu clearly lists eight articles, and the contents of these eight articles are listed in descending order of importance.
The first one is usually the first one and the most important one, so this one is of course about the demarcation of the boundary between the two families. The dividing point determined by Zhao Qiang is roughly similar to Soetu’s strategy, which requires the Lena River as the
The east of the Lena River belongs to the Guanning Army, and the west belongs to the Russian Army. In this way, not only Yask, Ergun, Dujigensk, and Duolunchan in the east can legitimately become the Guanning Army.
In addition, Nerchinsk, Yaksa, Lake Baikal and other places will also be assigned to the Kwanning Army, and the Russian troops in these places will retreat to the west of the Lena River. If Russia really agrees to this dividing point, then
From now on, Governor Nerchinsk can only remain in the archives as a past tense official name, never to see the light of day.
Of course it is good to divide the border with the Lena River. He will get four times more land than the current territory for free. Anyone would be happy to change it. However, Zhao Qiang knew that the Russians, especially Golo, the so-called "Oriental Killer", would never agree, so he
I don't expect Liu De to come back happily with this treaty. Moreover, Zhao Qiang doesn't really want the Russian army to retreat to the west of the Lena River and abandon Nerchinsk and Yaksa. In that case,
Zhao Qiang couldn't digest it either. He didn't have so many soldiers on hand to implement effective occupation, and he couldn't cope with the heavy attacks of the Qing army. Therefore, using the Lena River as the boundary was just Zhao Qiang's reaction to try Goro. The other party saw such a demarcation
It doesn’t matter what kind of attitude the terms will have. You may be so angry that you vomit blood on the spot.
In fact, Zhao Qiang is not ready to sign a treaty with the Russians now, at least before the spring of next year. He believes that the most ideal signing time should be when Yaksa is surrounded by heavy Qing troops. Only at that time, Golo
Only then can we honestly face the reality and talk to ourselves seriously. Of course, the deterrence of force is also indispensable. If we want to obtain negotiation content that is beneficial to our own side, we cannot rely solely on appeasement. There is no one hanging in the balance.
The sharp sword above the head is likely to make the opponent bow his head.
The second article is the issue of war reparations. In this article, Zhao Qiang listed in detail the losses suffered by Guan Ning's army in previous battles. Of course, the figures were three times larger than the original ones, and asked Russia to pay these war reparations, totaling 2.6 million taels of silver.
At the end of this list, Zhao Qiang carefully considered the actual difficulties of the Russians, fearing that they would not be able to come up with so much money at once, so he made a special note: If the Russian side is in difficulty, it can be exchanged for blunderbuss, artillery, gunpowder, grain, horses, etc.
If you really have difficulties, you can also use land as compensation.
The third article is about the residents living in this land. In this article, Zhao Qiang requires the Russian army to withdraw from Nerchinsk and Yaksa and other places.
The Guan-Ning Army is under the control of the Guan-Ning Army. In addition, all the ethnic coalition forces they forcibly requisitioned must be handed over to the Guan-Ning Army, and the weapons held by the soldiers must not be confiscated by Russia for any reason.
The fourth article is about commerce and trade. This article requires that Russia must open all commercial exchanges with the Guanning Army's border strongholds and cities, and both parties will collect commercial taxes from the other party's merchants at a tax rate of 5%. Here
On the article, Zhao Qiang also carefully noted: Guan Ningjun promised that all items produced under the rule would be sold to Russian merchants first if the prices are equal, and Russia would also do the same.
Article 5 is about the redemption clause for Russian prisoners. This clause specifies that if Russia wants to redeem the Russian officers, soldiers, civilians, women, etc. captured by the Guan Ning Army, it must pay the corresponding redemption fee. For example, the officer redemption fee
The redemption price is one thousand taels of silver. The redemption price for ordinary musketeers is 300 taels of silver. The redemption price for commoners and women is one hundred taels of silver. And if you want to redeem a noble, you need to pay 10,000 taels of silver each.
This nobleman refers to Cooper and his wife Lin Na. Zhao Qiang is now planning to marry Feng Yun as his wife, so he doesn't care about Lin Na that much. He hasn't seen her in almost two months, so he naturally redeems himself here.
Cooper and Lin Na were listed in the terms of return. The price was set, whether the Russians were willing to redeem it, and how to make a counter-offer were not what Zhao Qiang had to consider. All these were left to Liu De to negotiate. Zhao Qiang could not guarantee anything else.
But I believe that the Russians will definitely demand the ransom of the prisoners, because these prisoners are too important to them, and because their army in the east is already very small.
Article 6 is the procurement clause. This treaty stipulates that the Guan Ning Army can purchase from Russia the arms, war horses, food and other materials it needs. Russia must abide by this treaty and provide the materials needed by the Guan Ning Army, and the price must be agreed in the attachment.
, once agreed upon, the price of the materials sold cannot be increased for any reason. In this article, Zhao Qiang’s note is Article 6, which can be found in Article 5, that is, Guan Ningjun’s purchase of silver can be offset by the Russian redemption price in Article 5. Also,
That is to say, if Guan Ning's army wants to obtain fifty muskets from Russia and needs five thousand taels of silver, it can use five officers to offset the purchase price.
Article 7 is the military mutual assistance clause. This clause stipulates that from the effective date of the treaty, the Guanning Army and Russia will be in a strategic alliance. Both parties promise to never invade each other's land, kill each other's personnel, and send military personnel to each other to establish a permanent military alliance.
Contact point, all relevant military matters between the two sides will be negotiated and handled through the military contact point. At the same time, this article stipulates that no matter which side is attacked by what kind of enemy, the other side must provide war assistance in compensation and jointly attack the invading enemy. Here
At the end of the article, Zhao Qiang also marked: In order to express the friendship between Guan Ningjun and the Russian Empire, we can send a diplomatic delegation to the Russian Empire to station in Moscow. Originally, Zhao Qiang wanted to send an ambassador to Moscow, but after thinking about this
I'm afraid the Russians still don't understand the word "ambassador", so they use "diplomatic delegation" instead. This is also a bad joke of Zhao Qiang. He Guan Ningjun doesn't even have a country title but he wants to send a diplomatic mission to Russia.
, this is not a naked slap in the face of the Russians.
The eighth and last article is purely because Zhao Qiang couldn't think of anything else after thinking of the seven above, and he thought seven was not good and eight sounded good, so he scribbled it casually, that is: If the Russian state needs it, Guan Ning's army can go to
Russia sent an expeditionary force to help Russia eliminate neighboring hostile countries. Zhao Qiang came to this article just for fun. Russia's European territory is hundreds of thousands of miles away. How could Guan Ning's army have the strength and leisure to help them?
Attack European countries. However, what he did not expect was that while the first seven clauses of the treaty he had drawn up were being tossed around by both parties, the eighth clause was retained without any changes. Twenty-seven
Years later, the Russian minister took this 27-year-old treaty and confidently asked Zhao Qiang to send troops to protect the Russian Grand Duchy, which was on the verge of subjugation. Zhao Qiang had to obediently agree to their request and sent troops to Europe.
The first European expeditionary force in Chinese history.
…………
Early the next morning, Liu De came to Zhao Qiang's residence early. Zhao Qiang was waiting for him in the hall early. When he saw him entering the room, he handed Liu De the treaty he had worked hard to draft. Liu De,
He stayed there on the spot, looking at Zhao Qiang in disbelief, and stammered in surprise: "Commander... Commander... this... this..."
Zhao Qiang understood Liu De's surprised reaction. It was human nature, and he would have been dumbfounded if he had read the contents of the treaty without knowing it.
After "this" for a long time, Liu De finally swallowed his saliva and whispered: "Isn't this too big an appetite? I'm afraid that the Rakshasa people won't even talk to us."
"I knew you would say that." Zhao Qiang laughed, took the masterpiece from Liu De, and said with a chuckle: "It's okay, let's negotiate. You made a price and I counter-offered. A higher price is convenient for them to counter-offer. If
If we list the price honestly from the beginning, the Russians will still bargain with us. In this case, it is better to set the price higher from the beginning and let them pay it back slowly. Don't worry, the Rakshasa people will negotiate with us.
What you're talking about, at least they have to put on a show, otherwise how can they confuse us?"
Having said that, Liu De still had a hard time accepting that he had to negotiate with the Rakshasa people with such an impossible treaty. Seeing him like this, Zhao Qiang let the matter slip and told Liu De that all of these things were fine.
After listening to Zhao Qiang's explanation of what kind of concessions to make, Liu De was relieved and secretly thought that the commander-in-chief was too fickle. How could there be such a big difference between what was on paper and what was actually there?
"Whether the negotiation is successful or not is secondary. The key is that sir, let the Rakshasa people know that we are not small minions, and this place is no longer the final say of the Rakshasa people. If they really want to fight us to the end,