In the study room of the Palace of Qianqing, many ministers of Emperor Hongzhi have finished discussing today's matters and are about to leave and go back to their respective offices.
In fact, there are morning meetings and small meetings every day. Basically, there is nothing to discuss most of the time. Although the Ming Dynasty is a big country and a lot of things happen every day, those who can come to the emperor are still worthy of everyone. There are very few things that need to be discussed properly.
In fact, every day is similar to punching in in later generations, and going to morning every day has become a part of work.
"Your Majesty, I have a great event to report to you."
Seeing that everyone was no longer talking about anything, Liu Jin also took out a memorial and said.
"Oh, what's the big happy event?"
When Emperor Hongzhi heard this, he immediately became interested. There were not many things that Liu Jin could say were great joys. This made Emperor Hongzhi very curious. What good thing happened to make Liu Jin so happy? .
Yang Yiqing, Yang Tinghe, Zhong Fan and others also came to take an interest. What on earth happened?
"Your Majesty, a student named Zhang Xingjian of Daming Medical College invented a drug called penicillin. This drug is miraculous in treating pneumonia, tuberculosis, tetanus, viral colds, plague and other diseases."
"Among them, pneumonia and tuberculosis are two diseases that have always had no cure, but now they can be easily cured."
"The emergence of penicillin is enough to increase the average life expectancy of our Ming Dynasty by 20 years!"
Liu Jin handed over the memorial he had already written and explained it in detail.
"penicillin?"
When everyone heard this, they were all dumbfounded. They thought it was some special happy event, but it turned out to be the advent of a new drug.
But when everyone heard that this penicillin could cure pneumonia, tuberculosis, tetanus, and plague, everyone's expressions changed slightly. When they heard that this penicillin could increase the average life expectancy of Ming Dynasty people by 20 years, everyone's expressions changed. He showed an expression of disbelief.
"Mr. Liu, can this small drug increase the average life expectancy by 20 years?"
Yang Yiqing asked in disbelief.
"Yes, Mr. Liu, even if it is a miracle medicine, it can't do this, right?"
Yang Tinghe also said with a look of disbelief.
"This can treat a variety of diseases. Isn't this a bit exaggerated?"
Even Zhong Fan also followed suit.
Hearing what Liu Jin said, it seemed that penicillin was a miracle drug that could cure all diseases. How was this different from a charlatan?
As for Emperor Hongzhi, he took the memorial and looked at it carefully. If this kind of penicillin could really cure a variety of diseases and increase the average life span of the Ming Dynasty by 20 years, it would really be a great joy.
After reading it very quickly, Emperor Hongzhi also signaled Zhang Zhong to show the memorial to others, and then asked: "Is this penicillin really that magical?"
"Your Majesty, I think it is more appropriate for professionals to talk about this matter. You can order the doctor from the Imperial Hospital to come and talk about it."
Liu Jin thought for a while and replied.
Some things cannot be said by oneself, but it is more appropriate to let professionals interpret them, which will be more convincing.
"Hmm~"
"Send some imperial doctors from the imperial hospital to come over."
Emperor Hongzhi nodded and issued the decree, and soon the Xiaohuangmen rushed to deliver the decree.
The Ming Dynasty Imperial Hospital also underwent major reforms after Emperor Hongzhi's intestinal carbuncle incident. The first point was that the imperial doctors of the Imperial Imperial Hospital were no longer hereditary.
In the past, the medical skills were passed down from generation to generation. In the end, they would just follow the script and have no experience or level in practicing medicine at all. But it is people like this who are treating the emperor. You say it is scary or not.
Now their iron rice bowl has been directly cancelled. The imperial doctors of Taiyuan Hospital are all recruited from famous private doctors, and there are also Daming Royal Medical College and affiliated hospitals directly under Taiyuan Hospital.
Daming Royal Medical College and Daming Medical College are similar. They are both new medical schools. On the one hand, they teach medicine and study medicine and medical skills. On the other hand, they research new drugs, medical equipment, etc.
The affiliated Daming Royal Medical College Affiliated Hospital is also open to the outside world. On the one hand, it is to train the level of these doctors. Doctors' medical skills can only be improved through continuous medical practice. On the other hand, it is also possible to continuously experiment with various new drugs and medicines.
treatments, etc.
The doctors at the Imperial Hospital are basically professors selected from the Daming Medical College and the Daming Royal Medical College. Each one of them has superb medical skills and has at least decades of medical experience.
Zhu Houzhao gave birth to hundreds of sons and daughters. Why most of them were able to raise them to adulthood was not all due to the new hospital system and their protection.
Otherwise, in an era when medical technology and conditions were backward, even among royal descendants, the rate of premature death was very high. Historically, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty gave birth to more than 100 children, but only 32 of them grew up. This is a high mortality rate.
scary.
Everyone did not wait long, and soon three imperial doctors hurried over. When they arrived, they thought that Emperor Hongzhi was ill. They were all walking in the wind, for fear of being late.
Finally, when I got to the Shang Shufang, I realized that I didn't ask them to come to see a doctor, but I wanted to ask them something.
"Professor Chen, Professor Ye, Professor Li~"
"I wonder if you know about penicillin?"
Emperor Hongzhi still respected the three imperial doctors and called them professors. The three of them were not only imperial doctors, but also taught in medical schools and practiced medicine in hospitals. They received three salaries.
When I am on duty, I will be on duty at the Royal Hospital inside the palace.
"Back to Your Majesty, we also know about penicillin. This is a new drug invented by Zhang Xingjian, a student of Daming Medical College. It has miraculous effects in treating tuberculosis and pneumonia. It can be called a miracle drug."
Professor Chen, Professor Ye, and Professor Li looked at each other, and then Professor Chen stood up and said.
"Tell me more about this penicillin."
When Emperor Hongzhi heard this, he immediately understood. It seemed that this penicillin was really not simple.
"Yes~"
Professor Chen nodded solemnly, then thought for a while and said: "Our Ming medical field has always been unable to deal with bacteria and viruses."
“Bacteria and viruses are the main culprits that cause many diseases, such as our common colds, one of which is viral colds. Viral colds are colds and fever caused by the human body being infected with harmful viruses.
Cold hands and feet and body trembling are the most typical viral colds."
"In addition, inflammation and swelling caused by wound infection are also caused by bacteria and viruses. Tetanus is also caused by viruses. In addition, plague, plague and the like are basically caused by viruses and bacteria."
“What exactly are these bacteria and viruses?”
At this time, Qiao Yu stood up and asked.
"The so-called bacteria and viruses refer to those smiling creatures that are invisible to our naked eyes and can only be seen clearly with the help of a microscope."
"The study of bacteria and viruses is also due to the emergence of microscopes, and we have gradually become aware of bacteria and viruses."
"Invisible bacteria and viruses are everywhere in our lives. Whether it is the water we drink or the food we eat, there are almost all bacteria and viruses."
"Some of these bacteria and viruses are beneficial to our human body, while others are harmful. There are countless types of bacteria and viruses in our human body."
"Sometimes the invasion of external bacteria and viruses can cause people to suffer from various diseases. These diseases can be called viral diseases."
Professor Chen quickly replied.
"I see."
When everyone heard this, they immediately understood what was going on.
“Although we have always known that many diseases are caused by bacteria and viruses, because they are so small, we cannot see them with the naked eye. Therefore, we have always used these bacteria and viruses.
Nothing can be done about the virus or anything like that.”
"What we can do is reduce contact with pollution sources and kill harmful viruses. For example, when there is a plague, we isolate people with the plague. This is actually to reduce contact and prevent infection."
"The second step is to boil water. By boiling water, most harmful bacteria can be killed. In this way, when you drink water, you can reduce the invasion of bacteria and viruses, and naturally you will be less likely to get sick."
"But for those who have been infected with bacteria and viruses, such as patients with pneumonia and tuberculosis, we have not had any way to treat them. Some of the prescriptions we have prescribed are only to relieve the pain.
If you treat the symptoms but not the root cause, there is no cure at all.”
"Because we have no way to deal with those bacteria and viruses. For example, tuberculosis is caused by infection with mycobacteria. It spreads throughout the lungs and is difficult to treat with drugs. In the end, death is inevitable."
"It's also like pneumonia, which is caused by inflammation in the lungs caused by various bacterial infections, difficulty breathing, runny nose, coughing, etc. We have always had no way to cure it."
Professor Chen explained it in great detail, from the simplest to the deeper, so that everyone could understand as much as possible some of the things involved and the stakes.
"The situation with penicillin was completely different."
"It can effectively dissolve the cell walls of bacteria and viruses, thereby inhibiting and killing harmful bacteria and viruses. In other words, with this penicillin, we finally have a way to treat these bacteria and viruses that we were unable to do anything about in the past.
Go deal with it."
"The corresponding various diseases mean that we can use penicillin to cure them."