Yang Zhenning thought of something again, turned to look at Li Zhengdao, and asked:
"What subject are you going to bet on?"
Li Zhengdao touched his chin and did not give a direct answer, but said:
"There is no urgency about the specific topic. Let me ask you a question first. What do you think of the meta-hadron model?"
If there are outsiders present at this time, you will find the chat between the two very interesting:
There was no subject like Lao Yang or Lao Li in their conversation. They talked about how you do what you do, but neither party felt any violation at all.
Hearing Li Zhengdao's question, Yang Zhenning quickly gave a reply this time:
"It's perfect and can basically explain all current particle states."
Li Zhengdao asked again:
"Then have you ever deduced the number of possible elementary particles?"
Yang Zhenning nodded again.
He had really thought about this.
In the past two months, he has basically been studying the meta-hadron model, for which he also made phone calls with Gell-Mann, Heisenberg and others.
The answer he gave is basically the current unanimous view of the theoretical physics community on the meta-hadron model - this is an unprecedented new model that is sufficient to explain all phenomena about particles that have been discovered so far.
This metahadron model even predicts some undiscovered fundamental particles, such as signs of neutrino oscillations and so on.
Since the framework has been determined, it is naturally impossible for Chen Ning Yang not to deduce the number of particles within the framework.
Just like when you circle a fish pond when fishing, if you don't drain the water and count how many fish there are, you will always feel uneasy, right?
Then Yang Zhenning blinked and quickly realized something:
"Can you ask this question... It seems that you have deduced it?"
Li Zhengdao also hummed.
Then he took out a pen from his sleeve and raised his hand to Yang Zhenning:
"During the Battle of Chibi in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Gongjin invited Zhuge Kongming to discuss a plan to defeat Cao Cao. In the book, the two wrote down their thoughts on their hands."
"Today you and I might as well follow the example of the ancients and write down the derived number of particles on our hands. What do you think?"
Yang Zhenning looked at him deeply and nodded silently.
The confrontation between Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is indeed a classic, and it also set the key tone for the final defeat of Cao Cao - even though it was Huang Gai who proposed the fire attack in the original history...
At this time, China was as poor as the behemoth across the sea, just like the combined forces of Sun and Liu compared to Cao Cao.
Everyone knows the final result of the Battle of Chibi. Sun and Liu defeated Cao's army with the weak and the strong, and stood firm.
The moral of Li Zhengdao's example can be said to be intentional.
At the same time, the relationship between Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang is also very consistent with the current situation between him and Li Zhengdao.
Mentioned earlier.
Neither he nor Li Zhengdao are open-minded and broad-minded people.
The so-called "smiling at each other and forgetting grudges" is completely impossible for them, and there is no such thing as "the conflict between Yang and Li was not that big, but was just brought up later" - as long as we know that the two won the Nobel Prize and broke up
No one in the latter situation would have such illusions.
In the future life when Xu Yun traveled through time.
Both Yang and Li have reached the end of their lives, but at this age when they have underestimated the past and should have made up for the regrets of life, they still have no contact with each other, and they don't even want to mention each other's names.
If it hadn't been for the impact that the meta-hadron model had had on Lee Tsung-dao's worldview and made him aware of the feelings about his family and country that he had long ignored, he would never have been able to return to China with Yang Zhenning.
But on the other hand.
Although the two have many conflicts, they can be regarded as close friends.
At least within the field of Chinese physics, they are the only two shining peaks.
When people mention Lee Tsung-dao, they will inevitably mention Yang Chenning, and vice versa.
If we want to use ancient figures to describe Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning, Boya and Zhong Ziqi would be too soft, ignoring the contradiction between them. Sun Bin, Pang Juan or Liu Bang and Xiang Yu would be too sharp. At the same time, strictly speaking, Yang and Li should belong to the
The same camp.
Only Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu, a pair of historical figures, are most suitable to describe their relationship, both in terms of personal relationship and historical background.
Of course.
It is still unclear who is Zhou Yu who was angry to death, and who is Zhuge Kongming who has been the same through the ages...
Then Yang Zhenning also took out a pen from his pocket and waved it towards Li Zhengdao:
"No problem, start writing now?"
It's a coincidence.
The pens in the hands of Chen Ning Yang and Zhengdao Li both have the "IAS" logo, which is a special pen provided by the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton for chief lecturers.
Li Zhengdao quickly nodded:
"no problem."
However, just as the two were about to turn around and write, a somewhat anxious voice suddenly came from behind them:
"Lao Yang, Lao Li!"
Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning were startled for a moment, and simultaneously turned their heads to look at the person coming.
I saw a middle-aged man wearing a small felt hat walking hurriedly from the deck behind them. This man had a slightly longer face, small eyes but thick bags under his eyes. He walked quickly to the two of them and looked them up and down.
After talking to the two of them:
"Lao Yang, Lao Li, what are you doing here?"
Yang Zhenning gave him a strange look:
"Let's chat, what else can we do?"
This middle-aged man with a little felt hat is called Huang Kun, and he is Yang Zhenning’s classmate and friend at Southwest Associated University.
At that time, Huang Kun was recommended to the school by Ge Tingsui, and together with Yang Zhenning and Zhang Shoulian, he was known as the Three Musketeers of the Department of Physics of Southwest Associated University.
At the age of 26, Huang Kun published a paper in the "Physical Review", the highest journal in the physics world. At the age of 29, he collaborated with Born, one of the founders of quantum mechanics, to complete the paper.
A book called "Lattice Dynamics Theory".
But what is different from Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao is that.
Huang Kun returned to the motherland in 1951 and was elected as a member of the academic department in 1955. This time, the organization knew that Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao had returned to China, so they arranged for Huang Kun to be the host in Shanghai and accompany them by boat.
Jinmen.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Then Yang Zhenning glanced at Huang Kun and roughly understood the reason for this old classmate's anxiety:
It wasn't that something happened on the ship, but that he saw himself and Li Zhengdao alone on the deck, and was worried that something might happen to him and Li Zhengdao due to conflicts.
So Yang Zhenning hesitated for a few seconds and briefly introduced the agreement between himself and Li Zhengdao and the things to be done.
Li Zhengdao stood quietly aside, his expression unchanged, and he did not make a sound to stop him.
First of all, Huang Kun is one of the leaders of the reception group. His focus is to pay attention to the relationship between himself and Yang Zhenning. Explaining this matter to him can be regarded as giving the organization a solid foundation.
Secondly, no matter what topic they want to "bet" on next, the content will definitely be made public by then. This kind of thing cannot be suppressed even if they want to.
In this case, why not speak openly and openly about the concerns of all parties in the province.
as expected.
After listening to Yang Zhenning's introduction, Huang Kun's face suddenly showed a hint of relief:
"So that's what happened. I was worried about you two going on the deck...hehe...it's okay, it's okay."
to be honest.
When he saw Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao standing on the edge of the deck, Huang Kun really thought something was going to happen - if these two people had a brain convulsion and wanted to fight against each other by the guardrail, who would be hurt?
They are all huge losses to the country.
At the same time, once there are casualties, as soon as the news spreads, people across the sea will probably start to smear madly...
Fortunately, both of them were relatively calm and chose a "literary fight".
Then Huang Kun suddenly thought of something again, and his face showed a little heartbeat:
"You two, since you want to imitate Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang, would you mind having one more Lu Su?"
Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao were slightly stunned when they heard this. This time Li Zhengdao came to his senses first, and saw him smiling and tapping Huang Kun with his finger:
"Old Huang, you, Lu Su, don't conform to the original text. You want to be the governor so early?"
Huang Kun was not angry when he heard this, he just smiled:
"Hey, I'm glad to see Hunter. I'm afraid I won't see such an interesting thing once in ten years."
"Besides, don't worry about what Lu Su is going to do. At least it should be closer to the original text than before without Lu Su, right?"
Li Zhengdao meant that Lu Su in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" did not participate in the bet between Zhou Yu and Zhuge Liang. Huang Kun explained it from another angle.
Of course.
The conversation between the two was more of a joke, and there was no problem if one more person participated in the matter of simply guessing numbers.
Judging from Huang Kun's emotional intelligence, he will definitely not participate in Yang Li's subsequent bet.
Not to mention that Huang Kun's main research direction is in semiconductors. He is currently engaged in a very important research and development task, and it is impossible for him to have spare time to apply for another project.
Then the three of them chatted for a few more words, quickly turned their heads, stood back to each other, took off their pen caps, and started writing.
More than ten seconds later.
Yang Zhenning said without looking back:
"I've written it."
Soon, the voices of Li Zhengdao and Huang Kun came from behind him:
"I'm fine too."
Hear this.
Yang Zhenning turned around and looked at the other two people who came back to the front at the same time.
Then the three of them spread their palms at the same time and stretched out their left hands in front of them.
After seeing the words written on each other's hands clearly, Huang Kun raised his eyebrows in surprise:
"Hey, Lao Yang, Lao Li, how come you two have one more number than me? What's going on with these brackets?"
I only see this moment.
Huang Kun has "61" clearly written on his hand, while Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao have...
62(63).
This means that Huang Kun believes that there are 61 kinds of elementary particles, while Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning deduced 62 kinds, and most of the numbers in brackets have some explanations.
To know.
Although Huang Kun is mainly engaged in research on solid state physics theory and semiconductor physics, his experience in theoretical physics is still very solid.
Otherwise, it would have been impossible for him and Born to share a common topic and write a book together.
Actually.
When he was studying at the University of Liverpool, he majored in theoretical physics.
Therefore, even though the research he is currently responsible for has little to do with theoretical physics, his attainments in this area are actually very profound.
Previously, when Zhao Zhongyao's paper was published internationally, the same content was also published in the domestic Journal of Physics.
This article also caused a huge response in China. Huang Kun also conducted in-depth research on the paper during discussions with colleagues, including...
The number of particles that may exist within the framework of the metahadron model.
According to Huang Kun’s derivation.
There should be 61 types of particles within this framework, which can be divided into four major categories in terms of properties.
The most numerous category is the "straton" of the double-injection graph. Theoretically, there should be six categories and three internal degrees of freedom.
In addition, each straton has its own antiparticle, so the number of stratons is 3X6X2=36 in total.
The second type of particles is leptons directly defined in the paper. There are 12 types in total, and neutrinos are also classified into this category.
Stratons and leptons make up fermions, which constitute the first observable structure of matter.
In other words, there are 12 36 = 48 kinds of fermions.
Then there are particles with integer spin, which are bosons defined very early in the world of physics.
However, in the metahadron model, bosons are divided into two categories:
Gauge bosons, which convey the basic interaction between particles, and static mass particles, which are responsible for generating static mass.
The static mass particle is the source of all mass, so it is called "Nuwa" in the meta-hadron model.
And in gauge bosons.
There is only one kind of boson that plays a role in electromagnetic interaction, and that is the photon.
As for the weakly interacting bosons, there are three, but they have not yet been discovered.
The transfer particles of the strong interaction have also not been found yet. According to Huang Kun's calculation, the number is 8.
Therefore, the total number of bosons is 1 1 3 8 = 13 types.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! 13 48 = 61, so theoretically there are a total of 61 particles in the metahadron model.
But.....
What about 62(63) written by Chen Ning Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee?
To know.
These two are at the top of the Chinese physics community. They are among the top 40 in the world... no, even in the entire history of physics.
To be honest, the possibility of them making mistakes at the same time is not very high.
And beside him.
Yang Zhenning raised his head and glanced at Li Zhengdao, his slightly twitching eyebrows indicating that his heart was not as peaceful as it seemed.
be honest.
Li Zhengdao's calculation of the number 62 was not beyond his expectation. Now that Li Zhengdao was at his peak, it would be strange that he could not calculate this number.
But the 63 in the brackets...
Think of this.
A thought suddenly appeared in Yang Zhenning's mind:
Could it be...that fate is also hinting that their grudges will end in this direction?
While Yang Zhenning was feeling complicated, Huang Kun on the side also spoke up:
"Two of you, what your numbers mean..."
So Yang Zhenning quickly calmed down, took a deep breath, and explained:
"Old Huang, as you can see, the number 62 means that within the framework of the meta-hadron model, there are a total of 62 particles - this is for sure."
"As for the 63 in parentheses... it is a particle that may exist, but it is currently difficult to standardize mathematically."
"In addition, the current level of science and technology is relatively low, and we lack enough data to verify the existence of this particle, so I... we wrote the number 63 in parentheses."
Li Zhengdao was silent for a moment and nodded slightly.
That's what he meant too.
Huang Kun's pupils shrank slightly and he subconsciously asked:
"There must be 62 particles, maybe 63? Wait, wait... I'm a little confused."
"Old Yang, according to my calculations, there should be 36 types of elementary particles, and..."
Huang Kun then explained several types of particles he had deduced, and finally asked inexplicably:
"....There are 61 types of these particles in total. Where did the 62nd one come from?"
Hearing this, Yang Zhenning looked at his friend and shook his head gently:
"Old Huang, you may have overlooked one thing. Well, you have heard of..."