The New Year Assessment Meeting in early February will determine the agricultural development strategy for the new year. The potato planting area will be reduced to 1,000 machibu, and the corn planting area shall not be less than 20,000 machibu. A winter wheat and summer corn rotation model will be implemented. The winter wheat growing season will be less than 1,000 machibu.
Nine months, the summer corn growth period lasts exactly three months, which is exactly the right time for crop rotation.
It happened that a lot of wheat seeds were sown in the fields last fall. The pressure for spring sowing this year is not very great. The only problem is that the implementation of rice-wheat rotation has encountered new resistance. This resistance is not caused by human beings, but because Echigo rice is a well-known late-maturing variety.
, it takes seven months from sowing to harvesting, which makes winter wheat cultivation very difficult.
There are many solutions to the problem, including various two-phase cropping models. The specific method is to sow rice seeds in the first spring and harvest in autumn to obtain rice. This is the first season of rice, and then sow wheat seeds in the autumn of the first year until early summer of the second year.
Harvest wheat, which is the first season of wheat. Replant corn in early summer, harvest corn in autumn, and this is the first season of corn. Then sow soybeans in the fall of the next year, and harvest soybeans in the spring of the next year. This is the first season of soybeans.
In this way, rice and wheat are planted in the first year, and corn and soybeans are planted in the second year, and then the next cycle is carried out. This method is more complicated and puts a greater pressure on farmers. Planting four crops back and forth requires farmers to work all year round.
Busy and scattered farm time may affect the burden of military service and general service.
The other method is to insist on rice-wheat rotation. The premise is to replace Omi's early-maturing rice seeds for farming. In recent years, Omi's agricultural research project has been backed up to Echigo, and summer rice experiments have been conducted in several Echigo counties. The results are basically the same.
Satisfied, the temperature in Echigo summer is 24 or 5 degrees Celsius. It is a standard season of warm and rainy weather. It starts to rain at the end of September and early October. Then it turns to heavy snow, so summer rice and winter wheat can also be made.
Many Echigo people are reluctant to give up their own "Koshihikari rice". Late-ripening rice is particularly sweet, so replacing it with early-maturing rice will definitely not be as good as their own Echigo rice. After the unified caliber, the Echigo people proposed to resolutely safeguard "Koshihikari rice".
The status requirements were finally adopted after discussions at the evaluation meeting.
Next, the followers put forward new requirements. Crop rotation is inevitable and necessary, so let the people of Echigo choose the crop rotation method. The premise is that the crop rotation system in the area must be considered. You cannot grow corn while others grow rice. This is inconvenient for concentrated living.
The farmers work and harvest in unison.
Then a major contradiction arises in the crop rotation system. If you insist on planting Echigo late rice, you can only give up corn and wheat, and switch to soybeans, sugar beets or cabbages introduced by Li Ding and other winter vegetables, thus changing to a rice and soybean rotation system. However, the yield of soybeans
It is relatively low. The highest yield obtained from the experimental fields in the past few years is a little more than three shi per turn, and the average yield of soybeans per turn is about two shi and six buckets.
If we take into account the depletion of land fertility caused by crop rotation, we need to take some discounts. Then we take into account various factors such as local climate, water sources, land, etc. It will still be a little lower, and it is likely to swing between two stones. The growth cycle of autumn soybeans is as long as four months.
, is more suitable for the cultivation of late rice, but the cunning Echigo people don't like to grow this crop, even if it can extract oil.
It is not up to the Chinese people to decide whether they like it or not. The rotation method of rice, wheat, corn and soybeans was naturally rejected, and the rotation method of early rice and wheat was rejected again. In the end, after weighing the pros and cons, we still accepted the rotation method of late rice and soybeans. Anyway,
The soybeans grown are squeezed out of the soybean oil by the waterwheel mill, and the soybean cakes can also be harvested. Both of these products are purchased by Bipawu on a long-term basis.
Soybean oil has many functions. For example, the noodle shop and wine shop under Biwaya are promoting Ming Dynasty cooking dishes. The Ming Dynasty dishes that abandoned the light taste were loved by the residents of the financially powerful towns as soon as they were launched.
As the residue left after soybean oil extraction, bean cake is directly used as fertilizer. It is the most important supplement besides compost and manure. It is rich in nutrients. After being broken into pieces and sprinkled into the land, it can be used as a base fertilizer before sowing. If it is a top dressing
It only needs high temperature fermentation to emit high temperature, and then it can be applied to the soil next to the crops.
In addition, bean cake is the favorite food of war horses. In winter, if there is not enough fresh alfalfa, the only food available is cereals, hay and bean cake. This is a guarantee for the quality of the Kira family and Nagao family cavalry. People who eat well can grow taller.
To grow strong, a horse that eats well will also have endurance and strength.
At the beginning of the year, more than a hundred carefully selected female Kiso horses, Oshu horses, Holstein horses, and Trakna horses were bred. Now these mares are pregnant. As for the original foals that gave birth to foals before,
The broodmare is slowly recovering after the foal is weaned and is expected to continue breeding offspring this spring.
The evaluation meeting for the new year lasted for a very long time, from February 2nd to February 5th. Toraya Souichi was invited to Kasugayama Castle for the first time. As the deputy minister of the temple, it was still very helpless, but now Kira
He was the only monk the family could use. Unreliable "eminent monks" like Chaoshan Richeng were invited to serve as the deputy minister of diplomacy. It was not surprising that he was invited.
As a newly established temple community, it is responsible for religious affairs inside and outside the territory, such as the registration of monks and land management of Gochi Kokubun Temple, Echigo Zenkoji Temple, Rinsen Temple, Surangama Temple and other small temples. It is equivalent to a subordinate sent by the king. External religions are temporarily still in the area.
There is no confirmation, I just put up a sign first. In short, it is easier to manage and it will not affect the practice and concentration of Tora Zaizong Yi.
Diplomacy is responsible for internal and external diplomatic liaison. Chaoshan Richeng's advantage is that he is eloquent or good at deceiving. His tough appearance can hide his cunning nature very well. As a monk, he has a natural ability to act as a diplomat.
Advantages: The Daimyo people still respect the diplomatic monk very much. Using him as a diplomatic envoy can reduce many dangers.
It was a helpless move to let these two monks take on the role of monks. Because of their seniority issues, they were not allowed to directly serve as chief officials. However, they did not have a chief official to supervise them, and they were also equipped with auxiliary deputy ministers below. The deputy minister of Tora Zaizongyi was Kawada Shigeki.
, that is, Kawada Iwakurumaru's uncle. He joined the Kira family as a member of the family four years ago. In the past few years, he has handled a lot of affairs, large and small, and is not lacking in experience and qualifications.
The deputy minister of Asayama Hichijo is Kami Ochantsuna. The Kamio family has been the banner of the Echigo Uesugi family for generations. His grandfather, Kami O Masatsuna, served as the general manager of the Echigo Uesugi family in Kyoto, and was responsible for diplomatic affairs. To his father, Kami Yumin
During Tsuna's time, he followed Nagao as a hero. Now he serves as a member of the Nagao family and is responsible for foreign affairs.
Nowadays, all the political, economic and military affairs of Echigo are controlled by the Kira family. Kanyo Chitsuna also immediately transferred to the Kira family's administrative system. Kyoto has another administrative system of the Kira family, so he was transferred back to Echigo to serve as the administrative deputy minister of Asayama Nichijo.
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After the three-day assessment meeting, Kira Yoshitoki was busy inspecting the spring sowing situation. This was the first time that Echigo unified the grain planting laws. On the premise of fully respecting the land ownership of the national lords, the choice of planting grain must be
Only by following the instructions of the public, large-scale planting can maximize the advantages of management. The goal of achieving higher grain output with less labor is also the goal that the public strives for.
In early March, Kira Yoshi went to the northwest of Mount Kasuga to inspect the Tiepao Town located there. The location here is relatively remote. The closest place is the valley where the copper house is located. The Tiepao Town can also be protected by the garrison when it is built here.
The population is the original crew of Kunyou Village, as well as the clockmaker Kronenberg.
The tall and strong Kronberg had white hair, a rosy complexion and a healthy look. He seemed to be living a good life. When he saw Kiragi's arrival, he greeted him with a smile on his face and said: "Dear Sir Joseph. The books you brought last time were very good.
It’s useful. It turns out that my compatriots have already mastered the technology of hydraulic forging hammers. But I didn’t know anything about it. This was my mistake.”
As a German, after several years of study, he can speak some commonly used Japanese and English. Although weird and inaccurate pronunciation is unavoidable, Kira Yoshitoki doesn't mind listening to foreign accents and comes to listen when he has nothing to do.
Listening to Kronberg's new research, it's still a good day to go to the horse farm and talk to John about the cute foal, or to ride a horse around the pasture for a few laps.
"If I remember correctly, those books are all written in Italian. I didn't expect you to understand Italian?" Kiragi looked at him in surprise. In the past few years, he had not forgotten to collect Nanban books.
I haven't thought about the use of these books.
He obtained many paper and parchment books from the fleets of the Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch. Some were very old and some were religious prints from recent years. He could not understand the characters and grammar on them at all. Medieval characters
There was still a big difference with modern writing, so he gave Kronenberg these useless books.
"Yes, I spent several years in Italy when I was young, where I learned advanced watchmaking techniques, so I can read books in Italian and can barely understand some Spanish." Kronberg shrugged.
He seems unwilling to mention his past.
"Then let's talk about this hydraulic forging hammer!"
"Okay, the prototype of the water-powered forging hammer appeared two centuries ago. In 1368 AD, a foot-operated forging hammer appeared in Yorkshire, England. In 1467, Siegrand invented the water-driven forging hammer model. The specific
The structure is that the water wheel shaft is parallel to the hammer rod, and the end is a cam, which raises the hammer rod to between the fulcrum and the hammer head... After nearly a hundred years of transformation, the hydraulic forging hammer has gradually improved into many versions. Judging from the introduction in the book,
Recently, Italy is developing a forging hammer that can lift 550 pounds, forge 200 times per minute, and have a maximum stroke of about two feet."
"A five-hundred-and-fifty-pound hammer, forged two hundred times per minute, isn't it used to make plate armor?"
Kellenborg smiled and nodded: "Yes! This is the new forging hammer for making plate armor. Please follow me to the test workshop on Sekikawa to have a look. A new hydraulic forging hammer is running there.
, it has been greatly optimized compared to the traditional water hammer I designed before. At present, I can only do a 400-pound forging hammer and forge 120 times per minute. I believe that in the near future, I will improve the water-powered forging hammer that is comparable to the Italian craftsmen.
.”
Kira Yoshishi patted his shoulder speechlessly: "Making armor can be your side job, and you can slowly study it in the future..."
"Actually, this set of hydraulic forging hammers is used to make standard gun barrels. This set of equipment can effectively solve the problem of mass production of flintlock muskets. The efficiency of traditional barrel making is too low, and the yield rate is also very low. With hydraulic
As long as the forging hammer processes a similar mold, it can produce a qualified barrel."
"What? This thing can also make a gun barrel?" Kira Yoshi was shocked.
Kronberg smiled mysteriously: "And the barrel."
"...Don't scare me!" Kira Yoshi was shocked.
"It's just a joke!" Kronberg smiled, and then waved a little boy who walked in. The little boy seemed to be the child of an iron cannon craftsman in Guoyou Village. He had thick eyebrows and big eyes and was very energetic. He held a cup in his hand.
He respectfully handed an exquisite flintlock musket to him.
This is a musket with a novel and beautiful shape. There is no annoying match rope and it no longer looks short and bulky. The slender wooden gun body is painted a shiny red, and the silver-white bolt is very attractive. Kira Yoshiki looked at it carefully for a long time.
He asked, "This gun is not heavy. It only seems to be about nine pounds! What material is it made of?"
"The gun body and stock are made of walnut wood. Walnut wood is a very high-quality hardwood with excellent properties in terms of resistance to vibration and abrasion. It also has a certain degree of resistance to bending and corrosion. With two layers of paint, it can cope with any bad weather.
This flintlock musket casting is made of brass and is formed in one step using a hydraulic forging hammer to save quality risks caused by welding."
Whether it is a matchlock gun or a flintlock musket, from material selection to production, processing and assembly, it is a very precise and complex process. This flintlock musket has a breakthrough innovation, which is to establish a standard for mass production, from raw materials to processing procedures.
The process has strict regulations, which saves traditional iron gun craftsmen from the trouble of hammering out parts one by one, and also reduces gun quality problems caused by differences in manual casting levels and welding processes.
"Brass is currency. It takes more than fifty years for a walnut tree to grow into wood. It seems that the cost of making this flintlock musket is not cheap!" Kira Yoshishi smacked his lips. After a little calculation, he estimated the musket.
The cost price is at least one hundred guanwen of Yongle money, and most of it is the manpower and material resources saved by using a hydraulic forging hammer, otherwise it would not be possible to get even 200 guanwen.
"Can you tell me about the new technology of this musket? I am very interested in this new flintlock rifle."
Kronenberg smiled and admired his employer's generosity and courage to invest. He coughed lightly and said eloquently: "In the past few years, we have been working hard to make a new flintlock musket. Mr. Kuni Yubei's wealth
Inspired by experience and foresight, many designs were successfully made after the hydraulic forging hammer was completed. For example, we canceled the sear design on the bolt and designed a trigger-linked safety lock. The core technology of this flintlock musket is to add a screw lock.
Gun technology.”
An improved large safety catch is installed after the hammer, and three screws are used to fix the lock on the bolt. These improvements are because the flintlock muskets designed and used a few years ago had a serious problem, which was the dog-lock bolt.
The sear device used may cause the risk of misfiring when ready to fire. Therefore, the new flintlock musket eliminates the sear and installs a large safety lock to firmly hold the hammer. When firing, the trigger is linked to release the safety catch.
, which is safer and more reliable than the original design.
"How powerful is this flintlock musket?"
"You'll know after you try it." Kronenberg summoned Kunitomo and Zaemon. Like a loyal follower, the second-term governor of the Kunitomo family took over the new flintlock musket and followed Kronenberg.
Arriving at a shooting range outside the village.
The gun target was about seventy meters away. Kunitomo and Zaemon quickly loaded the lead bullets and gunpowder. They completed the originally complicated process in just a few seconds. They raised the flintlock musket and pulled the trigger. In an instant, there was a flash of fire.
Suddenly, a loud thunderous noise reached my ears, and then thick smoke sprayed out from the barrel of the gun, obscuring everything in sight.
"The gunfire and smoke seemed to be stronger. It made my ears buzz." Kiragi grinned at the sound. As a governor, he had to take care of his dignity, so people covered their ears and he could only stand with a smile on his face.
.
"I forgot to mention, there are cowhide earplugs here. The gunners all wear these when testing guns." Kronenberg took out a pair of earplugs and handed them over, making Kira Yoshiki groan in anger.
A total of twenty shots were tested, and the loud noises made the birds in the woods fly everywhere. After a long time, they walked to the other side of the shooting range to check the gun targets. Every human-shaped wooden rake was either missing a head or half of its body.
, and there were more than a dozen supporting points that hit the target, and pieces of wood were scattered all over the place.
Several young apprentices who followed Kronberg were all children from Kunitomo Village. They were naturally happy to see the governor's shrine. Kunitomo and Zaemon's reputation is quite big. People from Echigo went to the Teppanyaki House to order traditional customs.
Kunitomo iron cannons have to ask this person to perform several times. As long as it is an iron cannon produced by Kunitomo, he can hit the target with the gun. He can also make usage suggestions based on the specifications of each gun. His reputation gradually follows the people of the country.
Word of mouth spread throughout Echigo.
Nowadays, the Kunitomo iron cannons produced in Kunitomo Village are sold far away in the prefecture. In Echigo, it does not matter whether you buy three or five pieces, or ten or twenty pieces. As long as you buy the Kunitomo iron cannons from Biwaya, they will do some repair and maintenance services, which is not artificial.
Damaged Guoyou iron cannons promise to be returned within one month and guaranteed within half a year.
For more than half a year, you can pay for repairs based on problems with iron cannons. There is also a low-price recycling business for scrapped iron cannons. In the past few years, the life of Kunitomo Village has been getting better and better. It is more prosperous than the life in Omi. Kunitomo and Zuoe
Men married a wife and gave birth to a daughter last year, and her life is harmonious and beautiful, unlike the miserable life before.
Kronberg raised his cane and poked the broken wooden rake, and the hardwood up to five centimeters thick was smashed into pieces. Seeing the result, he said with satisfaction: "This is the power of the standard flintlock musket. If you put it closer, it can
It breaks through the protection of plate armor, and ordinary wooden shields cannot stop his lethality."
"The power is not small. Do you have any other data?"
"Yes! Data obtained after a total of 5,000 shots from ten new guns show that the maximum range is 180 meters, the effective maximum range is 135 meters, and the optimal range is 70 to 90 meters.
The maximum lethality is thirty meters, and it can easily penetrate any steel armor protection and five-inch-thick oak bunkers."
Kira Yoshi looked at the fragments on the ground with unfinished content. He seemed to be out of touch for a while, then turned around and asked: "It's so powerful! How long will it take for it to be equipped in my army?"
"We can do it at any time. We have about 230 pieces in stock. We are working day and night and it will only take a month to install them all."
"Has the name been decided yet?"
"I named this new flintlock musket the military flintlock musket. I think there will be no work that surpasses his in a short period of time, even for my compatriots in my hometown... Well! It's time to work, sorry! Just
Excuse me!" Kronberg nodded and saluted Kiragi, then called a group of followers to clean up the debris on the floor, and left slowly with a cane. (To be continued, please search Piaotian Literature, the novel will be better and updated faster!
