The first thousand one hundred and forty-seven chapters
ps: Read the exclusive story behind "Hidden Truth in the City", listen to your more suggestions for the novel, follow the official account of Qidian Chinese website (add friends on WeChat, add the official account and enter ddxiaoshuo), and tell me quietly!
"Picture of Bamboo, Stone, Orchid and Hydrangea" is a work made by Zheng Banqiao when he was selling paintings in Yangzhou when he was 63 years old. It was made for the 80th birthday of the mother of his friend Liu Qingli. It is unknown whether it was a friendship creation or a paid work.
But at that time, Zheng Banqiao's painting creation had reached its peak. His brushwork was vigorous and powerful, penetrating the back of the paper. He should have been at his peak, so this painting is particularly precious.
This picture is ink on paper, vertical scroll. Such a large-scale masterpiece is quite rare among Zheng Banqiao's works. The sky-high price it sold for is a manifestation of the current market's high regard for its subsequent value.
In the painting, several clumps of bamboo stand in front of the rock, with orchids underneath, just like nature, showing a natural interest. The bamboos are arranged in a well-proportioned manner, and the bamboo poles are thin but show their strength.
If you look carefully, you will see that the bamboo leaves and bamboo stems all have the brushstrokes of Banqiao's "six and a half" calligraphy, which are swaying and colorful, and the elegant artistic conception reveals the sophistication of the painting style.
"Let's take a look at the bamboo in this painting first," Uncle Li said.
Zheng Banqiao's method of painting bamboo has obvious calligraphy brushes. This is based on the principle that "calligraphy and painting have the same origin". He took Su Shi and Huang Tingjian's "calligraphy key and penetrated into painting". He said that "Dongpo, Lu Zhi wrote
The calligraphy is not bamboo, but I often learn from it when I draw bamboo. The yellow calligraphy is loose and thin, and my ◎ long ◎ wind ◎literary ◎ literature, ww≠￠︽t bamboo is thin and leaves are learned from it; Dongpo’s calligraphy is short and fat, and my bamboo is fat.
Ye Xuezhi. This is what I learned from the book."
For this reason, his method of painting bamboo clearly shows the use of calligraphy brushes. The bamboo leaves not only have a thin yellow brush and a fat front with a Su style, but also have a subordinate stroke, and the bamboo trunk also has a rounded seal meaning.
Let’s look at the stone cliff in the painting. It is a majestic, simple, graceful and steep stone cliff. It is not the exquisite, translucent, soft and round Taihu stone in ordinary literati paintings. It is as hard, steep and steep, although it lacks the beauty of proportion and harmony in form.
, but exudes a strong and upright spirit. This is actually because Zheng Banqiao follows Su Shi's "Ugly Stone Theory", which states that ugliness can be transformed into beauty. There is beauty in ugliness, and ugliness is regarded as beauty and wonder, thus highlighting the majesty of the stone.
And Xiu, as he himself said, "The stone painted by Xie is an ugly stone, ugly but majestic, ugly yet beautiful."
The artist's original bamboo and stone painting style is supplemented by the multi-body "six and a half" calligraphy inscription "Stick to the green mountains and never relax..." The poems, calligraphy and paintings complement each other. Not only is the pen and ink full of charm, but also
The rich themes of the work also come out. In the turbulent world, bamboo stands tall on the cliff and anchors the green mountains with its integrity. It can resist the attack of the eight winds, which reflects the author's aloofness and maverick determination.
Zheng Banqiao is a representative figure of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". According to Li Yufen of the Qing Dynasty, the "Eight Eccentrics" in "A Bibliographic Examination of Calligraphy and Paintings in the Oubolu Room" are Luo Pin, Li Fangying, Li Eun, Jin Nong, Huang Shen, and Zheng
Xie, Gao Xiang and Wang Shishen.
Among the "Eight Eccentrics", Zheng Banqiao is undoubtedly the representative figure. According to literature, during Qianlong's eastern tour, Zheng Banqiao was awarded the title of "History of Calligraphy and Painting".
Xu Beihong once wrote an inscription on one of Zheng Xie's "Orchid and Bamboo" paintings: "Mr. Banqiao is one of the most outstanding figures in China in the past three hundred years. His ideas, writing, and calligraphy and painting are especially amazing. Look at his poetry and prose.
When it comes to calligraphy and painting, I not only want to see the sublime, but also combine benevolence, compassion and wonder, which is especially rare for ancient and modern talents."
Zheng Banqiao is praised by later generations as an all-round painter with three unique qualities: poetry, calligraphy and painting. Some commentators say that Zheng Banqiao has three truths among the three qualities, namely true meaning, true energy and true interest.
His calligraphy combines the styles of Huang Tingjian and Su Dongpo. It is mixed with seal script, official script, regular script and other styles, and is mixed with orchid and bamboo strokes. The size of the calligraphy is variable and unconventional. It has both steep and vertical majesty and a graceful and elegant charm. It is known as the "six-and-a-half-point calligraphy".
.
He Shaoji of the Qing Dynasty commented on Banqiao calligraphy: "The character Banqiao imitates the valley, with orchids and bamboos in between, which is particularly interesting."
The use of painting and calligraphy in calligraphy has also been used in ancient times, but there is no one like Banqiao who has mastered it.
His painting achievements are extremely high, and he is especially good at painting bamboo and stone, with thin branches and thick leaves, thin and tall, and a superhuman style. The orchid he painted highlights the wild atmosphere of the mountains, and his brushwork is elegant and fragrant.
Uncle Li believes that Zheng Banqiao's unique style and outstanding achievements in calligraphy and painting had a great influence at that time, with many followers, and became known as the Banqiao School. Li Dou of the Qing Dynasty wrote this in "Yangzhou Painting Boat Record"
Said: "Zheng Xie's style is Kerou... He painted bamboo with a mixture of eight-point script and regular script, forming a style of his own. Today, many people in Weixian County, Shandong Province, follow his style."
Many famous artists in later generations also followed his methods, such as Dai Xi, He Shaoji's Zhushi, etc. More people absorbed his spirit of innovation and created new styles one after another, such as the modern "Shanghai School" schools and modern Qi Baishi, Xu Shiqiao and others.
Among the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou, Zheng Banqiao's status in the history of painting and his influence on later generations are second to none.
Among the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", Zheng Banqiao is the most representative painter. His life experience from being an official to a civilian, from a scholar to a businessman, and from a literati painter to a professional painter eventually formed a style of alienation from orthodox art and an unconventional style.
, the painting style that emphasizes strangeness has an important position in the history of Chinese art.
Uncle Li uttered lotus flowers, and everyone was intoxicated as he spoke. Even Han Kongque and Wei Changqing admired him.
However, a fake is a fake. Although this painting is very good, it is still a fake.
Zheng Banqiao's works have a large number of surviving works, so there are more fakes, which can almost be described as flooding the auction house.
It was because of this that Han Kongque and Wei Changqing were wary at first. However, by now, both of them were already shining brightly.
Since the painting used to cover up the original work on the outside is of such high quality, then the "Picture of Bamboo, Stone, Orchid and Hydrangea" hidden inside is probably a treasure.
Seeing Wei Changqing's eager gaze, Han Kongque could only sigh helplessly. After all, Wei Changqing discovered the hidden paintings inside, and only Wei Changqing could see the internal paintings clearly, so
Han Peacock really can't compete with Wei Changqing.
Although Han Kongque's spiritual consciousness and supernatural powers are powerful, when faced with an encapsulated painting, he can only vaguely feel the general situation inside, but cannot clearly see the situation with spiritual powers like Wei Changqing.
What does the interior painting look like?
"Mr. Li, how much do you plan to sell this painting for?" Wei Changqing saw that Han Peacock was silent and immediately gave Han Peacock a grateful look and asked about the price.
Mr. Li touched his beard and said: "This painting of mine must be an authentic work by Zheng Banqiao, so the price will definitely not be low."
"You always tell me a price. No matter whether this painting is controversial or not, there is always a price, right?" Wei Changqing said with a smile. Although this painting was said to be very glamorous by Mr. Li, it is not genuine. No one can compare with him.
More clearly.
Uncle Li was very direct this time: "The price of Zheng Banqiao's bamboo and stone paintings has increased greatly over the years. I don't plan to sell this one for a sky-high price, so it only costs five million. You have to know that I need at least nine million."
Wu Dong from the Wu family said at this time: "This price is not too outrageous. A bamboo and stone painting of Zheng Banqiao that was recently auctioned has an estimated value of over nine million."
Uncle Wu pulled his son and said: "Who doesn't know this? The main reason is that Zheng Banqiao's authenticity is difficult to authenticate, so the price of three million is too high."
"Yes! Uncle Li, I believe that if you ask for this price, no one will accept it. After all, Zheng Banqiao has too many fakes." Wei Changqing said.
This is a fact. As a professional painter, Zheng Banqiao has a relatively large number of paintings in existence. According to statistics, there are more than 7,000 paintings.
Zheng Banqiao's extant works are mixed in authenticity, and fakes are flooding the auction scene. Some people say that "the original works are less than one-tenth." It can be said that there is not even one out of ten genuine works.
This is mainly because Zheng Banqiao dared to make money. Chinese literati for thousands of years have been ashamed to talk about money, and most of them think that vulgarity is unbearable. However, Zheng Banqiao has a unique view of elegance and vulgarity and believes that there is nothing shameful in exchanging paintings for money.
At the age of 30, Zheng Banqiao could no longer make ends meet by teaching, so he went to Yangzhou to make a living by selling paintings. He worked as a professional painter for 10 years. When he later served as county magistrate, he believed that "if you don't enter an official career, you will sell books and sell books."
Painting, the income is several times more than the salary." He also thought of his own way out, selling paintings to make a living with his friend named Li.
In the letter of "Designation to his brother Mo", he wrote: "Hurry up and install my inkstone, quickly carry my manuscripts, sell paintings to Yangzhou, and live with Li Tonglao." Sure enough, after he resigned, he continued to work until his death.
As a professional painter, I have made a living selling paintings for 20 years.
"Shen Shen Guan Series. Sequel" records that people come to Zheng Banqiao's door with gold and silver to ask for paintings. The guests' shoes are always covered outside the door. The guests are waiting silently for the calligraphy and paintings inside. There are many people buying paintings "Your Majesty, Your Majesty."
"Scholar-officials, scholar poets, old monks in the mountains, Huangguan Lianke", and more buyers are wealthy merchants such as salt merchants and Huizhou merchants.
Zheng Banqiao promoted his calligraphy and painting works as commodities, clearly marked their prices, judged their quality and value, and publicly stated his identity as a professional painter. This made him a prolific painter.
Everyone knows this, but Uncle Li is still very tight on the price: "Of course I know this, so I don't ask for a high price. In recent years, Zheng Banqiao's authentic works cannot be bought for five million. At my price
But it’s very fair.”
If he hadn't clearly known that the painting outside was a fake, Wei Changqing would really have bought it at this price, because in 1992, a "Bamboo and Stone Painting" by Zheng Banqiao sold for $110,000 at Christie's in New York.
From the spring auction of 1994 to the spring auction of 2003, major mainland auction houses auctioned a total of 180 works by Zheng Banqiao, and 126 of them were sold, with a transaction rate of 70% and a total market value of 32.1 million yuan.
In the spring auction of 2007, Zheng Banqiao's works sold for more than one million yuan, including "Orchid and Bamboo" at China Jiade Spring Auction for 1.792 million yuan, and "Orchid, Bamboo and Stone" at Capital Poly Spring Auction for 1.65 million yuan.
According to statistics, in 2008 alone, there were 7 works by Zheng Banqiao that exceeded one million yuan at domestic auctions, including "Two Pines" at Hanhai Autumn Auction in the capital for 6.944 million yuan, and "Seven Sages" at Jiuge Autumn Auction for 5.376 million yuan.
10,000 yuan, Huachen’s autumn auction of “Bamboo and Stone Pictures” was 4.48 million yuan, Capital Poly’s spring auction of “Orchid and Bamboo Album” was 1.758 million yuan, Hua Chenchun’s spring auction of “Bamboo and Stone Pictures” was 1.68 million yuan, etc. (It’s a pie-in-the-sky event.
, a cool mobile phone is waiting for you! Follow ~ click / Chinese website public account (add friends on WeChat, add public account and enter ddxiaoshuo), participate now! Everyone will win a prize, follow ddxiaoshuo WeChat public account now!) (