Chapter five hundred and forty-six why it was handed down
Most of the modern imitations simply add iron oxide powder to the domestic blue and white materials, and do not perform high-temperature calcination treatment, so the iron oxide cannot be evenly fused into the cobalt oxide.
Under the influence of high temperature, these iron oxides will quickly float to the surface of the glaze to form crystals. When viewed under a microscope, they mostly appear as slag-like spots.
"We appraisers only need to grasp the key points when appraising something. Don't you think what you are doing here is useless?" Ming Chenghai originally looked down on Han Peacock, but now he is pretending to be a master.
I was even more displeased when I tried to act like a fan, so my words were not so polite.
Hearing Ming Chenghai's scolding, Han Kongque was not unhappy at all. He stood up directly and bowed to Ming Chenghai: "Professor Ming, this junior is very talented and has little knowledge. I really didn't see the flaw in this blue and white jar. Why don't you ask Ming Ming?"
Professor, please give me some advice.
Of course, if we use Nezha Naohai as an example, there is no problem at all. There is nothing wrong with this picture. Even if there is contempt for the imperial power in it, we cannot deny that it is Yuan Qinghua because of this.
After all, this picture is pretty decent, especially the dragons, which all have a distinct flavor of the Yuan Dynasty. If I don’t use this reason to deny this piece of porcelain, I really don’t know what’s wrong with this piece of porcelain.”
Han Kongque looked at Ming Chenghai, waiting for his answer.
Ming Chenghai sat there, not knowing what to say. He really had just one reason. This was also the point of what he just said.
Now that this reason was blocked, Ming Chenghai discovered that he had not seriously looked for other omissions in this porcelain. It could even be said that he had not seriously appraised this porcelain.
If this is really a fake, it's impossible not to leave some flaws.
"If Professor Ming didn't make a serious appraisal, you can come on stage now and make a serious appraisal again." Han Peacock knew these old guys very well. When he saw it, he knew that Ming Chenghai just denied it because of the pattern on the big can.
After seeing this piece of porcelain, I definitely didn’t look at anything else.
Fortunately, this Ming Chenghai still had some senior demeanor, so he didn't feel embarrassed when he arrived. He walked directly to Han Peacock, put on his gloves, and began to make a serious appraisal.
Qin Dake said: "Although this piece of porcelain looks good, its pattern is an issue that cannot be avoided."
"That's right, Nezha Naohai, in ancient feudal society. Which official kiln worker dared to fire such porcelain?" Shu Weimin said.
Several other experts also nodded in affirmation, and Han Kongque said with a smile: "It existed during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty. I remember that there is a Nezha Naohaitu bowl of the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty with blue and white interior and ink and gold on the outside."
Qin Dake said with a smile: "We have all seen the picture of that picture bowl. Although it is a small bowl with the theme of Nezha Haohai, the pattern on it does not involve dragons at all. So,
That one is completely different from this one.”
Han Kongque said with a smile: "Seniors, although Nezha Naohai despises the majesty of the emperor, there is nothing wrong with the picture itself. What you are struggling with is whether anyone dares to fire such a piece of porcelain.
In fact, this is easy to confirm, and now you have seen it. Therefore, as long as there are no omissions in other parts of this porcelain, it means that someone dared to fire such a porcelain at that time."
"This is not right at all. As long as there is one mistake, it is enough to prove that the porcelain is wrong, so everything else is just minutiae." Shu Weimin directly pointed out Han Peacock's mistake.
Han Kongque said: "What if your argument itself is wrong?"
"Why is it wrong? Even if I am not an expert in porcelain, I know that Yuan Qinghua does not use Sumali Qing material at all, and this porcelain uses Sumali Qing material, right?" Shu Weimin looked at Han provocatively.
Peacock, even if he is not an expert in this field, has a far-reaching view than Han Peacock.
Looking at the color of this large blue and white jar, the entire jar is a rich blue with silvery black crystal spots. This is a typical Sumali green material, so Shu Weimin was right on this point.
However, when Han Peacock saw the green material used in this big pot, he immediately smiled.
Of course, when he saw such bright blue and white materials for the first time, Han Peacock also felt his balls hurt, but then he felt a little happy.
Seeing that Han Kongque was silent, Shu Weimin became even more proud: "Why, didn't you just say that the arguments of some old experts were wrong? What else do you want to say now?"
Han Kongque looked at the nervous Sun Xi and said: "Don't be nervous, you don't need to answer this time. Since it is a test for me, I will tell you some of my own opinions. We all know that identifying or identifying various periods in the history of Jingde Town
For blue and white porcelain, understanding the blue material is crucial.
Suma Liqing, also known as Sunibo Qing, is a special material for Jingdezhen blue and white porcelain in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. The blue and white porcelain painted with Suma Liqing material has a rich blue color, with silvery black crystal spots, and will appear halo phenomenon. This
The reason is that Su material has high iron content and low manganese content, which is obviously different from domestic green material. I believe no one will get it wrong.
Now that we have identified Sumali Qing, the remaining questions can be easily answered. The blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty mostly used imported Sumali Qing as the green material and formed its own unique style. Understanding Sumali Qing
The color and main characteristics of blue are undoubtedly of great benefit to the identification of blue and white porcelain in the above historical period.
In the history of Jingde Town, there are four main periods in which Suma Liqing was used. One is the late Yuan Dynasty, the other is the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the third is the Yongle and Xuande periods of the Ming Dynasty, and the fourth is the Zhengtong, Jingtai and Tianshun periods of the Ming Dynasty. The history of ceramics calls it
is the "blank period".
Due to different firing techniques and different heat conditions, the "sequin" of Suma Liqing in various historical periods is obviously different. Among them, especially the Ming Yongle, the Xuande period's blue and white porcelain has the largest amount in existence and is also the most representative.
sex.
This means that no matter it is the Ming Dynasty or the Yuan Dynasty, as long as it is confirmed that the Sumaliqing material is used, it can be determined that the one that fired such a large pot at that time must have been an official kiln, but if it was the third batch of the Ming Dynasty later
During this period, with the ruthless temperament of the emperors of the Zhu family, it was easy to know that no one would dare to do this, and people of that period had no need to do this.
No one dared to do this in the Ming Dynasty, so did anyone dare to do it in the Yuan Dynasty? Obviously, no one dared to do this in the heyday of the Yuan Dynasty.
This can also be seen from the green material, because before the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the "sumaliqing" pigment was not used in the production of Yuan blue and white flowers. In this way, only in the late Yuan Dynasty could such a flower appear.
Zha nao chart jar.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was Suma Liqing material, and it is precisely because of this that it is enough to prove that this is a product of the late Yuan Dynasty, not from other periods. Since it was the end of the Yuan Dynasty, why did the kiln workers at that time not dare to bake such
A piece of porcelain?
The kiln workers at that time must have had reasons to fire such a piece of porcelain, because the Mongol emperor at that time had already caused public resentment and chaos in the world. It can be said that people's minds changed at that time, and many people were eager to overthrow the rule of Yuan and Meng.
At that time, it is not unimaginable that a dragon-slaying porcelain would appear, right?"
It was because Han Kongque found a sufficient reason for Nezha Naohai's existence that Han Kongque looked at other performances of this porcelain. However, that was just Han Kongque's cautious consideration. Even if he didn't look at it, he would know his own judgment.
It's definitely correct.
This large jar must have no problems in other aspects, otherwise it would not be here and there would be controversy.
Naturally, Ming Chenghai also heard what Han Kongque said. As he listened, he carefully looked at the porcelain, the green material, the painting workmanship, and the glaze color. There were no problems. This made him feel a little chilled. Maybe this old face will shine today.
At this time, Qin Dake said: "None of your reasons are very tenable. Although the late Yuan Dynasty did give the theme of Nezha Naohai a chance to survive, but even if there was a market for this porcelain at that time, what happened later?
In any subsequent dynasty, the owner of this porcelain may be executed by the Nine Tribes. Faced with such a great danger, how many people dare to pass it on?"
Han Kongque said: "I have some reasons for this. Let the seniors comment on it. Look at these dragons, especially this one. The dragon looks back, sticks out its mouth, has long horns, and has mane.
Slightly fluttering back, with a thin neck and three claws, with armor, the elbow hair is double-outlined, with three different hairs, one rolled up, there are fins on the back, the body is decorated with diagonal grid-like scales, there are streamers on the neck and back, and there are cloud patterns on the ground.
.
This is a typical feature of the dragon shape of the Yuan Dynasty. The dragon patterns of the Qin and Han Dynasties were mostly animal-shaped, with complete limbs and claws, but no scales. They were often painted in a walking shape, giving people an ethereal feeling.
The dragon pattern of the Yuan Dynasty is more fluid and flexible, with a smaller head, but the image is broad and grand, full of spirit. The dragon pattern of the Ming Dynasty is thick and powerful, with the dragon's mouth open or closed, and the hair and elbow hair are decorative, but sometimes the shape is large.
And disordered.
After the Qianlong and Jiaqing reigns of the Qing Dynasty, the dragon pattern had become old-fashioned, the image was more bloated, and more grotesque. Since it is so obvious, may it be because of this that it has been passed down.
After all, anyone with knowledge can tell that this is a Yuan dragon. Combined with the social situation at that time, if the descendants of the Zhu family see such a piece of porcelain, which means the slaughter of the Yuan Dynasty emperor, will future emperors take it away?
Keep it?"
"If you were the emperor, would you let such a piece of porcelain be preserved? Moreover, how many emperors in the past dynasties do you think knew the difference between Yuanlong and the dragons of his own dynasty? How could such a piece of porcelain be passed down to the world?" Shu Weimin said
.
Han Kongque said: "This is easy to recognize, because the dragon on this porcelain, especially the one I just mentioned, is exactly the same as the dragon on the emperor's dragon robe of the Yuan Dynasty. If he even wears the dragon robe he wears every day,
If you are not familiar with it, then this emperor is stupid enough."
"In any case, the possibility of such a piece of porcelain being passed down is very slim, and there is a huge risk. As long as it is a feudal monarchy, no emperor is willing to see someone collecting it. If it is a newly unearthed
It is possible for the blue and white to be preserved for thousands of years, but since it is a thing handed down from generation to generation, it is impossible." Shu Weimin said.
Han Kongque looked at the expressions of everyone. Although Qin Dake and the others did not speak, they obviously agreed with Shu Weimin's reasons.