When the new two-tax law was implemented to replace the rent-to-tax system, the people who suffered the most were, of course, the aristocrats, bureaucrats and landowners like Wu Huaiyu.
As the prime minister and the Duke of the country, Wu Huaiyu was exempted from taxes, and no matter how much land he had, he did not have to pay taxes. However, even if the other powerful gentry were not exempted from taxes, under the tax system, taxation was based on population rather than on acres of land, and there were tens of thousands of acres of fertile land.
, each person still only pays two stones to rent two feet of silk and three liang of cotton.
"I admire my husband very much for his selflessness." Zhao Renben said this sincerely. He heard that Wu Huaiyu had thousands of hectares of land, which is hundreds of thousands of acres. Originally, he didn't have to pay a grain of rent, so he just paid some free grain. But if
As soon as the new law was implemented, Wu Huaiyu's land was handed over according to acres.
Even if only the original tax amount is spread to acres of land, for example, if one hundred acres of land was originally taxed with two stones of millet, two feet of silk, and three liang of cotton, Wu Huaiyu's hundreds of thousands of acres of land would be equivalent to the original tax of several thousand acres.
of tenancy,
If it were all reduced to 100,000 acres of land, it would be at least the rent of one thousand ding, two thousand shi of millet, two thousand feet of silk, and three thousand taels of cotton. For 200,000 acres, that would be doubled.
Isn’t it heartbreaking to spend so much extra money and food for nothing?
"In fact, as long as there is no chaos in the world and social stability, the powerful landowners from aristocratic families will always be the biggest beneficiaries," Wu Huaiyu also explained the basics.
Who ended the powerful family?
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Hou Jing, the general of the universe, overthrew the Jiangdong nobles, and then the old king Xieting Qianyan came to fly into the homes of ordinary people. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was a Huangchao, the inner storehouse was burned to ashes, and the bones of public ministers were trampled in the streets.
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Huang Chao completely eradicated the powerful families that originated from the Eastern Han Dynasty. Huang Chao's army went to fight all over the world. Huang Chao, who was a private salt dealer, happily killed and purged the officials and nobles wherever they went. In the end, he killed a man from the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties.
In the era of military separatism, after the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, civil service politics began, but most of the prime ministers and ministers came from the imperial examination, and there were no more powerful families.
The Tang Dynasty's rent-sharing system was basically based on the land equalization system.
But the equal land system has long since ceased. The foundation has been broken. How can the superstructure be preserved? Whether it is the new rich like Wu Huaiyu or the old nobles like the Five Surnames and Seven Families, they are all on the upper level of the pyramid.
The bottom floor is full of beds, how can the upper floor be any better?
This is not only related to the fate of the Tang Dynasty, but also to everyone.
To put it bluntly, both Wu Huaiyu and Li Shimin wanted to reform the tax system and implement the New Deal, but they both saw that the building was unstable.
To put it more harshly, you can't kill a chicken to get eggs. If you raise a chicken well, it will lay eggs continuously. If you kill the chicken directly, you can get more eggs from the eggs at once, but there will be no more eggs.
As long as the world is stable, the noble family will always be at the top.
If the people can have enough food and clothing, they will be satisfied with the present and will never take risks.
Only when there is nothing left to lose and one has completely become proletarian, then one has no flaws, no weaknesses, and cannot be controlled.
The pyramid is a very stable result. It is layered layer by layer. The bottom layer is all living beings, and the top layer is the emperors, generals, and powerful families.
"We are busy with the summer harvest. Taxation will begin after the harvest. Don't rush to collect taxes now. We will start collecting taxes after the saint approves the Sanyuan pilot project.
At that time, the household registration will be based on the real household at that time, and corvees and taxes will be assigned according to the rich and poor assessment levels. They cannot be based on the empty amount of the old registration account, nor can they be shared with neighbors."
Tax booths and neighbor protection have always been an important means for the court to ensure tax revenue, but it is also a means that is very harmful to the people.
Four families are neighbors, five families are protectors, one hundred households are in one li, and five li are in one township.
Taxes collected by the imperial court were often shared layer by layer. For example, if a family owed money, its neighbors would have to make up the debt. If a family fled, its taxes would have to be paid to the remaining families.
household.
The same goes for the villages above. The total tax amount in the township is there. No matter whose family fails to pay the full amount, the total amount must be paid in the end, and it has to be paid to other people.
Under this kind of policy, once someone fails to pay taxes, it will endanger the neighborhood, so it is very easy to cause a chain reaction. For example, if someone cannot afford it, they simply abandon their registration and flee to join a wealthy landowner, or run into the mountains to work as a wage earner.
A gangster,
Then his neighbors will be doomed. If there is no way to make up for it in a disaster year, everyone may have no choice but to run away.
If one family runs away, the neighbors will pay for it. If one family runs away, then one mile will pay for it.
Many poor people have little or even no land, and they still have to pay taxes based on their capita. In times of famine, it becomes even more difficult, and they end up having to pay taxes to others.
The worst thing is that the local households are relatively wealthy. They will rely on the large number of people or their influence to collude with the officials and spread the subsidies to the poor. The rich will not be able to pay.
There are more stalls.
In the end, the actual tax rate may be doubled or even higher.
Everyone has no choice but to run.
Therefore, Wu Huaiyu now wants to try out the new law. The most important point is that the guarantee is not allowed. Although this may cause the court to lose some taxes, if the guarantee is paid, the consequences will be endless.
"The military prime minister is righteous."
Zhao Ren's memorial was reported to Chang'an. Li Shimin was very satisfied after reading it, especially because it said that Wu Huaiyu was willing to set an example.
The Wu family has a lot of property in Mihara Field, and if he takes the lead, he can indeed set a good example.
"It will be tried out in Sanyuan County."
The emperor was very satisfied with Zhao Renben's courage to be the first in the world and greatly appreciated it. This year he will try out the methods he and Wu Huaiyu proposed in Sanyuan County.
Households are divided into nine levels, and households are divided into nine levels.
Household tax is collected from the ninth class households, and rent transfers are collected from the ninth class Ding. Landless people are classified as customers and are classified as good citizens.
Agree to move the Sanyuan County seat from Rencheng to Qinghe Longqiao.
Zhao Renben got the decree and took action happily. Rencheng had only been a county seat for a few years, and there was nothing to miss. Even the relocation of the county seat was very simple.
Longqiao is very lively, with many ready-made houses and courtyards, etc.
Zhao Renben directly bought a compound on the north bank and became the Sanyuan County government office. He, along with the county magistrate, county lieutenant, chief registrar, recorder, Si Gong Zuo, Si Cang Zuo, Si Hu Zuo, Judi Zuo, and Si Shi Zuo
When it comes to moving, it will be done in one day.
As a Ji county, Sanyuan has a very high level.
Although it is not as good as Jing County, which has two county magistrates, two chief administrators and six county captains, it still has two county captains. The six magistrates are only one less military magistrate than Jing County, and the other five magistrates have all.
The average county only has two to three Cao.
The new county government office opened,
All the powerful squires from the county came, and Wu Huaiyu even came in person to welcome him.
"Xianggong Wu is so young,"
"I can't believe that four years ago Mr. Wu was still the money-catching officer of our Sanyuan County."
"I just put up a name and went to the Rencheng County Yamen to catch money. I received a set of crimson jacket and fifty guan of capital. I never came here again. In July, I went to Longyou and became famous all over the world in the first battle.
, I will be granted a title and official title when I come back,"
Several small officials in crimson clothes took a break from their busy work and couldn't help but talk about Wu Huaiyu from a distance. Who knew that this prime minister had once caught money in the Sanyuan County government office.
A few years ago, they were petty officials in the government office, and they saw this person enter the government office with their own eyes. But a few years later, they were still petty officials, and they had already worshiped the prime minister three times.
"On this big day, you still have time to chat here, so hurry up and entertain me."
Zhao Lushi came over to interrupt a few people,
"No," they quickly shut up and went about their own business. Although Zhao Lu was just a non-staff writer a few years ago, he was lucky. Back then, Zhao Lu served on the orders of the county magistrate.
, I helped Prime Minister Wu handle the contract for the land in Bailuyuan, running back and forth, and also forged a favor.
After Wu Xianggong became prosperous, he did not forget Zhao Lushi. In recent years, Zhao Lushi also went from being a non-staff writer to being the main editor of Hu Cao Shi. The next year, he was promoted to Hu Cao Zuo, and this year he was promoted to Lu Shi again.
Recorders, like assistants and historians, are all miscellaneous tasks with no rank. Although they have no rank, they are already the highest among several officials in the county government.
The five chief ministers of Sanyuan County are still under him.
To be more specific, the two recorders in Sanyuan County are both deputies to the chief registrar. The chief registrar is the inspector, equivalent to the director of the county office. The two registrars are the deputy directors of the office, and their powers are quite large.
Sanyuan County is a Ji county with a population of tens of thousands of households. It is indeed not popular in the court, but in the eyes of the people, it is very impressive.
Zhao Lushi drove away some old officials who were gossiping, checked again, and then rushed to Wu Huaiyu.
"Ms. sir,"
"Old Zhao, the county government has just moved in. If you still need anything, just say hello to Zhao Yi and ask him to help buy it."
Wu Huaiyu was very kind to Lao Zhao. He remembered that Lao Zhao had helped Wu Huaiyu to abandon Zhao Tuozi's family and sell themselves into his family as slaves.
In the past few years, Lao Zhao has also come to the Wu family to give gifts during the New Year. Although the Wu family stipulates that no bribes are accepted, it is okay to give some worthless local products. Besides, Lao Zhao is very smart and knows how to say hello to the hunchback. Wu Huaiyu
Things, but to Zhao Lushi, this is equivalent to reaching the sky.
From then on, it was all smooth sailing in the county government. If it weren't for his low background, he would have had a chance to become an official. However, according to the current trend, in a few years, there would still be a chance to get a ninth-rank job.
Wu Huaiyu saw that Lao Zhao understood the ways of the world and handled things neatly, so he was willing to help him.
"Old Zhao, you bring someone to my house in the past two days. I will ask the steward to register all the Wu family's fields in Sanyuan with you. Later, I will have someone take you to Zhuangzi below to measure and verify."
"Please don't worry, Mr. Xian, the little one will be taken care of."
"Now that the new grain has arrived, I will take the lead and set an example by handing over the summer grain first."
The Wu family has more than 3,000 acres of fertile farmland in Qinghe Township. In addition, there are more than 2,000 acres of irrigated land in the upper and lower reaches of Qinghe River. There are also 5,000 acres of land in Fengyuan and Bailu Plateau, adding up to 10,000 acres.
There are a little more acres, and Huaiyi also has about three to four thousand acres.
Wu Huaiyu asked Lao Zhao to take people to check and register the fields, determine the fatness and thinness of the fields, and then register and declare that he would pay rent per mu for this summer's grain.
One hundred acres of land requires two stones of millet, half a bolt of silk, and three ounces of cotton. If only one acre of millet is converted into two liters, it would be an important point to adjust the silk. Now one bolt of silk costs two hundred cents, and this half bolt equals one hundred cents.
Silk is sold for one penny per acre. In today's market where a bushel of rice only costs four or five yuan, the rent for silk is higher than the rent for millet.
But even so, millet, silk and cotton cost only about two cents per acre, which cannot be said to be very high.
The rent for one hundred acres is only about 200 yuan.
If you are not subject to compensation, additional taxes, various things like kicking the stems, burning fire, etc., it is indeed quite low for the regular tax alone. Of course, the premise is that you can get a hundred acres of land for one ding.
If a family has only two hectares and is allocated 100 acres of land, that is equivalent to doubling the tax rate. If both households only have 50 acres, then it has doubled again.
If there is not one acre of land but two, then the tax of four to five hundred yuan will be a huge burden for ordinary poor people.
Wu Huaiyu pays taxes to Sanyuan County for his land in Sanyuan County. The land below the plateau is good land, and some of the land on the plateau is mostly middle land. But even if it is calculated as 10,000 acres of good land, it is just a tax.
For a rent of two hundred shi of millet, there is still two liters of grain per mu, which is only 200 shi.
An acre of good land can yield two shi, or at least one shi dou. Even if it is rented out and the tenant pays half, the rent can be from one shi to seven or eight dou. The rent and tax paid per acre is four liters of free grain, which is one-twenty-thirty.
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Wu Huaiyu took the initiative to pay the food, but he was not very distressed. After all, the payment was only a small part, and the Wu family's income was still guaranteed.
With the Wu family's status, of course the Yamen would not dare to get benefits from the Wu family, but Wu Huaiyu did not miss some of the surcharges and miscellaneous taxes that they should have.
Additional tax is in addition to the regular tax, such as scrap money, that is, transportation fees, which are divided into nine levels according to households. The higher the household level, the more they bear. Moreover, this fee is not fixed. It is determined according to the difficulty of transportation and the distance of each place.
In order to pay rent and discount, the freight paid by the local government for renting grain is actually borne by the people, and additional charges will be charged.
In addition, there is an additional cost, which is equivalent to the fuel consumption. Generally, the additional cost for renting is 1% to 3%. There is no fixed rule. It is collected by the local government. This part of the additional cost is actually levied, and the remaining
Of course, the benefits are the benefits to local officials and office entertainment expenses.
In addition, there are warehouse tax and wrapping fee. The wrapping fee is the packaging fee of mediocre silk cloth, and the warehouse tax is naturally the storage fee of rented grain.
Anyway, there are extra charges for packaging, transportation, and storage. This is still a formal name. There are many other things that local officials privately apportion, such as registration account money, household registration is made every three years, and accounting is made every year. Basically, they have to be collected.
One penny.
These extras, apportionments, and what was taken away by the subordinate staff by kicking the stems and other methods were still quite a lot. Moreover, there was no exact figure for these things, and the collections were different in different places.
This is the link that is most likely to cause problems, and it is also the place where people are most likely to be exploited and exploited.
For example, in the past, the imperial court had a history of money-grabbing orders, and there were public loans, and the interest earned was used for office expenses and even canteen meals, as well as some benefits for officials.
Later, the money-catching order and the capital of public houses were cancelled. How to make up for this hole? Li Shimin directly asked 7,000 wealthy households from all over the world to pay a sum of money, and collected their money based on the defense system without giving it to them.
There is no need for them to lend the capital, just pay it directly.
It rotates every three years and is a disguised form of tax on the rich.
For another example, the additional rent money levied by the court is not really used for freight, because transportation is also borne by the local people. This rent money, called transportation fee, is actually used for the official salary in the capital.
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Wu Huaiyu asked Lao Zhao to bill the additional fees, and the Wu family paid them as usual. In fact, these additional fees were not corrupted by local officials, and they should be paid as they should.
After a final calculation, the Wu family has about 10,000 acres of land in Sanyuan County this year, paying about 200 dan in rent, 200 dan in free warehouse grain, about 50 bolts of silk, and about 20 kilograms of cotton. There is no need to pay for the exemption from labor service.
However, I also paid more than a hundred stones for various additional assessments, and some silk fabrics. After calculation, it was roughly equivalent to about 20% of the original rent adjustment.
Fortunately, by canceling the amortization guarantee, there is no need to make up for the arrears owed by the county in previous years.
In front of everyone, the Wu family held a very grand ceremony to receive grain. At the county government office, the county magistrate Zhao Renben and a group of officials also specially made a plaque to commend the Wu family.
Fan Xuanfu said with a smile, "It took more than six hundred stones of millet, more than sixty bolts of silk, and dozens of kilograms of silk floss to replace this plaque. This plaque is really worth a fortune."
Wu Huaiyu was quite indifferent. With more than 10,000 acres of land, the rent would cost tens of thousands of shi, so it was only natural to pay some rent and pay some taxes.
He can be regarded as taking the lead in the charge for the New Deal.
"Fortunately, we are only trying it out in Sanyuan first. Otherwise, if we add up to thousands of hectares of land in various places, we will have to pay an extra twenty or thirty thousand shi of food? It makes my heart hurt just to think about it," Fan Xuanfu was really reluctant to give up.
"It's not that much. One acre of two liters is already the existing free grain. Now it's just two liters of rented grain added to one acre. For one thousand hectares of land, it only costs two thousand shi of rented grain..."
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Fan Xuanfu laughed at Wu Huaiyu for being too generous, "You are trying out the new method in Sanyuan. Have you discussed it with Duke Dai? The Li family is a big family in Sanyuan and has more fields than ours. You, a student, suddenly cost the teacher's family money."
Thousands of stones of grain are lying on a piece of silk."
"Don't worry, the teacher will definitely support me."
Wu Huaiyu, who has thousands of grains of stone, doesn't take it lightly, but actually the Danyangfang of the Li family in Longxi doesn't take it seriously.
