Chapter 852 The Key to Room Temperature Superconductivity
Half an hour is not a long time, at least for the three people who have obtained the papers at this moment.
Papers of this level are fatal to any scholar or researcher in the related field.
It wasn't until Xu Chuan spoke up that the three of them reluctantly looked away from the "Condensed Matter Electron Localized Structure Theory" in their hands.
"Academician Xu, was this theory written by you?"
Taking a deep breath, Song Wenbai looked at Xu Chuan with burning eyes and couldn't help but ask.
Hearing this question, Fan Pengyue and Gong Zheng in the office also quickly turned their attention over.
This sounds like a silly question, but it is crucial.
If the paper was written by the person in front of me, then the feasibility of it becoming a room temperature superconducting material mechanism is undoubtedly huge.
It is also very possible to develop room temperature superconducting materials based on it.
But if it is written by someone else, you have to consider whether the paper is correct.
After all, not everyone is called ‘Xuchuan’.
On the sofa, Xu Chuan smiled and nodded, saying: "I wrote the paper myself."
Upon hearing this affirmative answer, the expressions on the faces of the three people were uncontrollably excited.
Given this person's character, he would not make his research results public unless he was extremely confident.
Although it is not public now, his choice to present the theory also means that he is optimistic about this paper.
This is the research on room-temperature superconducting materials! It is no exaggeration to say that if we really achieve it, it will change the entire world like controllable nuclear fusion technology!
Smiling, Xu Chuan continued: "The next task of the Superconducting Materials Research Department is room temperature superconducting materials. The research direction is targeting copper oxide-based materials, focusing on the reset of the lattice structure of the core substrate, as well as silver
, Carbon, gold and other ds zone element doping experiments..."
"In the initial stage, I, Song Wenbo, and Gong Zheng were responsible for conducting research on experiments in different directions."
"The collected experimental data were handed over to Fan Pengyue for processing, including calculations of the material calculation model."
"As for now, I will explain this theoretical paper to you first, and try to understand these things as quickly as possible."
After hearing Xu Chuan's instructions, the three of them nodded simultaneously and took over their own tasks.
Generally speaking, the starting point for the development of a new material is physical research.
Because it involves a deep understanding of the fundamental properties and behavior of materials.
Work at this stage may include studies of the material's structure, properties and how they interact.
However, Xu Chuan has already done this at this stage. The theory of localized structure of condensed matter electrons includes speculation on the mechanism of room temperature superconducting materials and how to construct localized electronic lattice structures.
After handling the theoretical design, the next step is naturally the material design stage.
Based on the results of theoretical research, researchers will consider how to improve or innovate the properties of materials, which may involve the composition, structure and possible processing methods of new materials.
This is where experimental data is accumulated.
By using various technologies and processes, such as template method, sol-gel method, etc., to ensure that the material can be manufactured according to the design requirements.
Summarizing experimental data and related experience through constant trial and error, and finding a path to the end is the only way for all materials science experiments.
This step, if it is a smaller research institute or experimental institution, is usually carried out manually.
Larger research institutes or enterprises will establish corresponding mathematical tools or models in a targeted manner. By feeding experimental data into the corresponding tools, computers can quickly complete work that originally required a lot of manpower and time.
The material calculation model developed by Xu Chuan has similar functions.
In other words, based on similar functions, it has been upgraded in a targeted manner. It can use models to find possible synthesis routes while processing data.
.......
Research work on room temperature superconducting materials is advancing steadily and orderly.
Although he had a complete preparation method for copper oxide-based chromium-silver superconducting materials in his mind, Xu Chuan did not choose to directly create room temperature superconducting materials on the first day of research.
On the one hand, it's because it goes against common sense.
Although there are European emperors in the process of material research, but to this extent, it is too much.
On the other hand, it is natural to collect relevant experimental data.
Don’t forget that copper oxide-based chromium-silver room temperature superconducting materials have defects. The purpose of developing room temperature superconducting materials this time is not to simply reproduce the research results of the previous life, but to find optimized ones based on the original ones.
the way.
This is the purpose.
...
The research on room-temperature superconducting materials is on the right track, and Xu Chuan is not in a hurry. He goes to the Sichuan-Hai Materials Research Institute for the first four days of the week, and the last three days are allocated to other work.
Working from nine to five can even be considered a break to a certain extent for people like him.
After all, many times, once he gets involved in a certain problem or a certain scientific research project, it is normal for him to stay up late and have a hard time.
"professor."
In the NTU office, someone knocked gently on the door and shouted.
Hearing the sound, Xu Chuan looked up. When he saw the person coming, he stood up with a smile and said hello: "Why are you here?"
The person who came was his student, Gu Bing, and behind him was a girl, Gu Bing's girlfriend, named Gyantse. When the two confirmed their relationship, Gu Bing brought him to see him.
Gu Bing looked at his girlfriend with a smile on his face.
Jiangzi nodded, let go of Gu Bing's hand, stepped forward, handed the invitation in his hands to Xu Chuan, with a smile on his face, and said: "Professor, Gu Bing and I are here to give you
Sending invitations."
Xu Chuan's eyes fell on Gyangzi, and he realized something. He smiled, reached out and took the invitation, and asked: "A wedding invitation?"
As soon as you look at it, you can see Double Happiness printed with golden fluid paint on the front of the big red invitation, and there is a heart-shaped pattern on the opening on the back.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! Just as he expected, it was a wedding invitation from his student.
Gu Bing held his girlfriend's hand, with a sweet smile on his face, nodded and said with a smile: "Yes, Professor, I am going to marry Xiaozi."
Xu Chuan smiled and blessed: "Congratulations! Has the time been determined? When?"
Gu Bing was one of his first students. He was twenty-five years old when he accepted him. Seven years later, he is now thirty-three years old.
For ordinary people, getting married at this age is considered a late marriage. However, for scientific researchers, although getting married at this age is also a bit late, it is also within the normal category.
After all, in China, the average age for graduating with a PhD is almost thirty-three years old.
He had met Gu Bing's partner, a girl from Sichuan, who was five or six years younger than Gu Bing. The two had been together for almost a year.
Calculating the time, if everything goes well, it's almost time to get married.
Gu Bing smiled and said: "The time has been set, it will be New Year's Day, that is, one month from now. The address is at the Greenland Intercontinental Hotel."
Xu Chuan smiled and nodded, opened the invitation, took a look at it, and said with a smile: "I will arrange the time in advance, and I will definitely attend on time."
Hearing this, Gu Bing suddenly had a bright smile on his face.
Among all the invited guests, except for the parents of both parties, Xu Chuan is undoubtedly the most important one.
"Um, professor, I have something else to ask you for help with."
After sending the invitation, Gu Bing touched his head and said with some embarrassment.
Xu Chuan smiled and asked: "What's wrong?"
Gu Bing smiled shyly and said, "Um, professor, I would like to ask you to be my witness."
"Witness?" Hearing this, Xu Chuan was stunned for a moment, then smiled and said: "No problem, it's a trivial matter."
Gu Bing smiled and said, "Then I'll trouble you to teach you."
...
After chatting for a while, Gu Bing left with his girlfriend. Xu Chuan had a smile on his face, his eyes fell on the red invitation on the table, and he felt a little emotional.
First there was Lin Feng’s daughter’s full moon wine, and then there was Gu Bing’s wedding banquet.
Unknowingly, the friends and students around him who were about the same age as him seemed to have begun to move to another stage of life.
Smiling and shaking his head, Xu Chuan collected the invitation and sent it to him a month in advance. This student was really thoughtful.
Before that, it is better to solve the research on room temperature superconducting materials.
After all, it is not difficult to develop or replicate copper oxide-based chromium-silver room temperature superconducting materials. What is difficult is subsequent optimization.
After New Year's Day, he might have to devote his energy to other fields.
...
As the days passed, Xu Chuan's daily life was basically three o'clock and one line.
Nanda, Sichuan-Hai Materials Research Institute, Xinghai Research Institute and villas at the foot of Purple Mountain.
The research and development of room-temperature superconducting materials takes up most of his energy. As for going to NTU to teach students and Xinghai Research Institute to handle daily work, he basically only chooses one place a day.
In the past month, research on room-temperature superconducting materials has advanced quite a bit.
He, Song Wenbo, and Gong Zheng each led a team, selected different directions for research, and collected experimental data.
On December 24th, the day before Christmas, the weather in the late winter was unusually heavy rainy and the sky was covered with dark clouds.
In the laboratory of the Chuanhai Institute of Materials, Xu Chuan, wearing a white coat, protective mask and goggles, fed the material in his hand into the electron beam evaporation coating machine.
Since it has been decided to complete the research and development of room temperature superconducting materials before Gu Bing gets married, it is necessary to leave a few days for preliminary verification.
Christmas Eve was a good day. According to the process in his memory, Xu Chuan had already started the synthesis of copper oxide-based chromium-silver system room-temperature superconducting materials.
For him, even if it has been more than ten years since he synthesized copper peroxide-based chromium-silver superconducting materials by himself, it is impossible to forget the entire synthesis process.
In fact, the core key to room temperature superconductors does not lie in studying the ‘doping’ methods of other superconducting materials.
But it lies in another direction.
That is, localized electron delocalization, which is the so-called condensed matter electron localization structure.
In fact, in the history of human research on superconducting materials, doping can be said to be the most important method.
Taking conductivity as an example, it is mainly determined by carrier concentration and mobility.
Experience gained from the development of semiconductor chips, elemental silicon, etc., to increase the carrier concentration requires doping, gate voltage injection, light injection, etc.
However, doping will inevitably lead to an increase in impurities and defects and a decrease in mobility, so it is necessary to consider the balance and compromise between the two.
Searching for a superconducting material whose structure and energy levels match that of N-type doped phosphorus and silicon in semiconductors is something that almost all scholars in the field are doing.
Most superconducting materials were discovered in this way.
Appropriate doping will increase the critical temperature and critical current intensity of superconducting materials.
Whether it is low-temperature/high-temperature superconducting materials, whether it is copper oxide, or iron-based superconducting materials, these properties are improved by doping these basic materials with other elements during the research and development process.
However, people do not know which dopant in superconducting materials can achieve such a perfect fit as the 'silicon doped with phosphorus' of semiconductors.
Therefore, the research approach to superconducting materials is exhaustive.
If you try the elements in the rows on the periodic table one by one, there will always be one or a few that can achieve the optimal match of structure and energy level.
However, materials science is a very complex field, the material world is also so complex, and dopants are far more than just elements.
Just like the A position of perovskite ABX3 has changed from the original atom to a more complex methylamine group, the idea is opened immediately, and the complexity is certainly opened up.
At this time, purely relying on the parameter scanning of the exhaustive method and stacking manpower and material resources on research ideas will obviously be insufficient in the face of infinite number of compound groups.
Perhaps AI and big data calculations will be a good solution in the future.
But condensed matter physics and strongly correlated electronic systems told Xu Chuan that there is actually another way here.
That is the localized electron delocalization of the material!
That is to say, try to keep localized electrons as close to the Fermi surface as possible instead of being buried deeply in the inner layers of atoms.
As long as the electrons of the material can be stably brought near the Fermi surface, the current can be guided to the greatest extent.
How to build such a system is the real key to realizing room temperature superconducting materials.
As for the synthesis method, based on current technology, there is no doubt that it is nano-synthesis technology.
Only extremely fine nanomaterial synthesis technology can accurately control every area of the material surface.
Copper oxide-based chromium-silver room temperature superconducting materials are synthesized through nanotechnology.
Under specific conditions, by fine-tuning the stacking and twisting of the surface of the copper oxide crystal layer, and then incorporating silver and chromium elements, the maximum supercurrent at the interface can be changed according to the direction of the current, and electronic control of the quantum state of the interface can be achieved.
The polarity of the current is changed to change the quantum state, thereby achieving superconductivity.
Unfortunately, it is still not a room temperature superconducting material in the 'narrow sense' and requires a certain external pressure to stabilize the electron delocalization of the Fermi surface.