Chapter 276: There is only one plan to defeat Yuan (36)
"Half a day has passed again. What are the movements of the Ming army in the afternoon?" Buyantaiji, who ordered the people below to set up tents and prepare to spend the night, hurriedly found Buyhatu and asked about the latest situation.
Burihatu was meditating in front of the map at the moment, but he didn't care about the intrusion. After all, this army was mainly Buyantaiji's headquarters, and no one else would dare to break in directly except Huang Taiji.
His tent.
However, Burihatu did not reply immediately. Instead, he waved his hand without looking back and said: "Huang Taiji came at just the right time. Look at this map of the Ming army... it is really detailed."
Buyantaiji stepped forward with some surprise, took a look, and quickly compared the surrounding situation, and pondered: "Could this map be collected from the corpses of the Ming army that stayed at night? It's fine, but it's just the area.
A little too small.”
"Small dots are natural." Burihatu didn't take it seriously and explained: "The Ming army has a map of a wide area, which is as detailed and accurate as this map. Unfortunately, I can't do it despite all my efforts.
Got it.
As for this map, it is obvious that the Ming army deliberately took only a small part of the larger map, which was the area that Ye Bushou could investigate. This was done to prevent the map from falling into the hands of our Mongolians. By the way, Huang Taiji
Do you know who made these pictures?"
"Could it be that Grand Master Gao, too? This guy really knows everything, which is annoying." Buyantaiji frowned immediately.
"It doesn't matter whether it was done by Gao Rixin himself, but as far as I know, this new map of the Ming army was provided by Jinghua. It can be regarded as the culmination of thousands of years of experience of the Han people in drawing maps. It is really remarkable." Buriha Tu.
Authentic praise.
Buyantaiji curled his lips and said: "Drawing a map of Kanyu is not a matter of thousands of years. It's just a matter of sending more people to do it."
Although Burihatu did not look back, he sighed softly, stopped talking, and endured it. After a while, he calmly said again: "Smartness may be innate, but wisdom needs to be passed down."
Buyantaiji thought about the meaning of Buyantai being sent to him by his father Khan, so he had no choice but to lower his body and said: "Then what's the significance of this Ming Dynasty's map?"
"When did the Han people learn to draw Kan map? I have not studied this in detail, but it is recorded in "Historical Records of Xia Benji": "The left criterion and the right rule are recorded at four o'clock to open the nine states and connect the nine roads.
Pi Jiu Ze, Du Jiu Shan'. It can be seen that as far back as the Xia Dynasty, the ancestors of the Han people already knew how to use yardsticks and rules to survey and map terrain."
Buyantaiji was silent for a moment, and couldn't help but said: "It's just that I have a good ancestor." After thinking about it, he felt that it was not right to say this in his mouth. Didn't he himself become a good person because of his good ancestors?
What is your current status? So I coughed again and said nothing more.
Burihatu, who is also a descendant of the Jin family, pretended not to have heard what he said just now, but said: "The book "Historical Records" is sometimes too mysterious. It records that the Xia Dynasty would measure mountains and rivers. I thought it would not be done in the future.
You can definitely believe it. However, the standards, ropes, rules and rules mentioned in this sentence are indeed the four tools used by the Han people at that time to measure mountains and rivers."
Buyantaiji didn't have any thoughts, and just said "oh" to show that he heard it.
Burihatu didn't care and continued: "The events of Xia Shi are too mysterious and difficult to tell whether they are true or false, so it's okay not to mention them. Documents that are specific enough to prove that the Han people drew maps can be found in large quantities in the records of the Warring States Period.
For example, "Zhou Li: Local Officials and Situ" says: The position of the Great Situ is to control the map of the land for establishing a state and the number of its people, to assist the king in peace and security of the state. With the map of the world's land, he is responsible for the general knowledge of the territory of Kyushu.
Count them and identify their mountains, forests, rivers, hills, and tombs."
Buyantaiji was originally talking about the map, but Buyantaiji had a big reaction this time. Hearing this, he changed his expression and said: "Local official, Da Situ? Isn't that exactly Gao Rixin's job at the moment? I will
Why is this picture so different from what I have seen before? It is indeed this person who created it. Hmm, it’s so new and different.”
Buyantaiji said calmly: "Rather than being new and innovative, I think it is better to say that we are bringing out the old and bringing out the new, and we are unique." But before Buyantaiji could say anything else, he waved his hand and said: "Let's not talk about this for now. Let me put the Han people on the map.
Finished talking about Gao Rixin’s previous development.”
Buyantaiji could only say "Yeah" in a muffled voice.
"It can be seen from what I just said that the Han people had a certain understanding of the importance of maps during the Zhou Dynasty, and assigned Da Situ an important responsibility." Burihatu said: "But as for the specific method of drawing maps,
Let me talk about a person first, this person is called Pei Xiu."
"Oh..." Buyantaiji thought for a while, but quickly gave up, shaking his head and saying, "I've never heard of it."
"It's okay, I'll explain it in detail for Huang Taiji." Of course Buyan Hatu knew that it was impossible to know this person with Buyan Taiji's level, so he quickly explained to Huang Taiji.
The Pei Xiu he was talking about was active during the Wei, Jin, and Zen dynasties. He was from Hedong and was the son of Pei Qian. Almost everyone who has read the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms knows him. This man was originally a willful young man who indulged in unbridled love for freedom throughout his life, and he was truly indulgent.
Uninhibited love of freedom...the kind of celebrities with the style of Wei and Jin Dynasties, they understand everything.
Later, he, Jia Chong, and Xun Yi were active as the troika of the Sima family at that time. The most important thing he did was to propose to welcome Cao Huan after the death of Cao Mao.
In fact, when he was a boy, Pei Xiu was...well, he was a bit of a keyboard warrior and liked to express his opinions on current affairs. At that time, there were guests at home, so for his father's sake, he would listen to Pei Xiu's eloquent talks.
But something happened later, which made Pei Xiu, who knew nothing about mechanical design, go spray the catapult designed by Ma Jun. Ma Jun, a technical boss, is a typical engineering man. He can do things but is not good at debating, so he didn't pay much attention to him.
.
Of course, although Pei Xiu is rather arrogant, likes to express opinions, and is an extremely conceited troll, there is another reason besides good family background for people who dare to do this, and that is that they have a really high IQ.
In the fourth year of Taishi, Pei Xiu was appointed Sikong of the Western Jin Dynasty; in the seventh year of Taishi, Pei Xiu took a large bag of Wushi powder and drank cold wine, which made him drunk to death. However, this is not the point. The point is that when he took office as Sikong, he "for some reason
The period between his death and his death lasted only three years. However, in these three years, Pei Xiu became one of the most important cartography experts and geographers in the history of China.
Why is it determined that he only spent three years? Because Pei Xiu’s previous work had nothing to do with cartography. The only opportunity he had to come into contact with cartography was the years when he served as Sima Zhao’s junior staff officer, and most of them
He spent all the time by Sima Zhao's side, helping to bring harm to others.
However, to introduce Pei Xiu's achievements and contributions, it is necessary to introduce the tools used by the ancient Chinese to draw maps. Including the four mentioned by Burihatu just now, there are several types of map drawing tools that can be determined:
The ancients basically relied on these eleven tools to survey and map the terrain. Among them, the compass, telescope and watch were used to measure direction, and the remaining eight functions had different functions.
Of course, it is well known that the compass was invented in the Northern Song Dynasty, so it was not available in Pei Xiu's time. They used the relatively more primitive Sinan and Dipan.
What is the land? It is a stone slab with four dimensions, eight stems, twelve branches, and twenty-four directions. Then there is a spoon-shaped magnet called Sinan, which is placed on it, and then...then slap it.
.Pull it until it spins and then stops. The direction it points to is south.
This sounds familiar, right? People of later generations have basically seen it in science and education programs. But in fact, this thing has too much friction, has errors, and the errors are quite large, so it was replaced after the compass appeared.
By the way, among the eleven tools mentioned above, one was only invented in the Ming Dynasty. It is the last measuring cart, which is another design combined with a rope ruler. To put it simply, you hold this cart forward.
Walking can more accurately record how far you have walked.
Going a step further, let’s go back to the Pei Xiu guy I just mentioned. What specific contributions has he made? What qualifications does he have to become one of the most important cartography experts in China in three years?
The first achievement of this man was that he drew eighteen chapters of "Yu Gong Regional Map" based on "Yu Gong"; the second achievement was that Pei Xiu formally proposed the theoretical basis for map drawing, the so-called "Six Cartographic Maps"
body".
All eighteen chapters of "Yugong Territory Map" have been lost and are no longer visible. However, the contents of the six cartographic entities can still be found in the literature. Pei Xiu standardized map production for the first time, providing a very reliable basis for latecomers.
The theoretical basis. And his theory basically covers all the elements that need to be considered in map production. Since then, map production has traces and rules to follow. What is even more valuable is that these theories were all summarized and explored by Pei Xiu himself in practice.
, so it is extremely reliable.
There is a long ancient description of the above content in the biography of Pei Xiu in "The Book of Jin. The Fifth Biographies". You may be too lazy to read it, so I won't quote it here. In short, its general meaning is that there are six key points in drawing a map, namely ratio, accuracy.
Wang, Tao Li, Gao Xiao, Fang Xie, roundabout.
To translate it slightly into modern Chinese, there are six principles for cartography: the first is fraction, which is used to distinguish distance and area; the second is quasi-scope, which is used to determine the relationship between features; the third is
Daoli is used to measure road mileage; the fourth is Gaoxia, the fifth is Fangxie, and the sixth is Zhizhi. The last three need to be adapted to local conditions and are mainly used to correct whether the terrain is dangerous or not. They should be displayed on the map.
It can be distinguished clearly at a glance.
However, although the above was of great epochal significance and extremely advanced at the time, it was not perfect and still had flaws. The most obvious one was that it did not involve the relationship between longitude and latitude.
This is related to the Chinese cartographic thinking. One characteristic of ancient Chinese maps is that the closer they are to the center, the more accurate they are, while the further away they are, the more likely they are to have errors.
Why? Because the Chinese cultural center was always inland and far away from the sea at that time, the ancient Chinese did not have the concept of terrain curvature. Originally, this problem would not be improved until Matteo Ricci came to China and introduced European mathematical theory.
However, now that Ming Dynasty has Gao Jingshi, everything is different. It is no longer improved because of the arrival of Matteo Ricci, but Gao Jingshi starts with Jinghua, between Jinghua Trading Company, which is responsible for land trade, and Liangyang, which is responsible for sea trade.
The fleet worked together to improve it directly.
Jinghua's map not only clarified the "up, north, down, south, left, west, right, east" rules familiar to later generations, but also developed systems such as "contour lines" and "latitude and longitude", and even strengthened a stricter scale to avoid
There were some problems with ancient Chinese maps in the past, such as cities appearing too large on the map, and the proportions being completely distorted.
However, although Buyantaiji patiently explained, Buyantaiji obviously did not appreciate it very much. He frowned and asked: "The map is better drawn. Although it is somewhat helpful for fighting, the governor seems to want to say that this is
What an amazing achievement... With all due respect, as long as Mongolia rises up again one day and defeats the Ming Dynasty, aren't these things all ours? They can draw pictures, so let them draw them for us. Why be envious?
"
Buyantaiji shook his head, feeling a little disappointed in his heart. Buyantaiji was still too naive compared to Tumen Khan, or he looked at the problem too superficially.
The Great Khan of Tumen clearly discovered the importance of knowledge during these years and his confrontation with Gao Pragmatic, and began to support his own reforms based on certain practices of the Ming Dynasty. However, Buyantai Ji's mind was still stuck in the 200
Many years ago, it was thought that fast horses and sharp arrows could make the Ming people submit, and then rule them and use their knowledge for their own use.
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading! Now, only the Great Khan in the entire Chahar knows about his big plan, and has expressed his approval, but if Buyantaiji cannot be persuaded... once the Great Khan
If my body can’t hold on, can I still continue with the plan?
As the assistant minister appointed by the Great Khan to Buyantaiji, although Buyantaiji was a little disappointed, he could only be seductive. Therefore, he suppressed his thoughts and asked: "Huangtaiji, how has the Ming Dynasty changed in the past twenty years?"
You have also seen it, in what aspects do you think they have made progress?"
"Is there any progress? I think it's mainly because Gao Rixin is good at managing money, so they are now able to organize the army and develop military skills. Now the towns in Jiubian have a completely new look in terms of weapons and equipment, and the morale of the army has been guaranteed because of sufficient food and pay, so it has changed
It’s hard to beat.”
When Buyantaiji said this, he couldn't help but sigh and said: "Sometimes I always think, how about we train some dead soldiers and send them to stay dormant in Mingjing, and find an opportunity to kill Gao Rixin one day?
Things might take a turn for the better.”
Burihatu did not take issue with the second half of the sentence, but said: "To be honest with Huang Taiji, I originally believed that the changes in the Ming Dynasty were rooted in Gao Rixin's good fortune."
"Really?" Buyantaiji became a little happy, but immediately thought that there seemed to be something wrong with what he said. What does "original" mean? Don't you think so now?
Buriha Turu can read people's hearts and continued: "Yes, my thoughts have changed a bit recently. I think the change in the Ming Dynasty is not just that Gao Rixin is good at managing money, but that he has great knowledge and great wisdom."
He finally turned around, looked at Buyantai Ji seriously and said: "He is trying to change the old theory that Ming people value virtue but not weapons. He sets an example and promotes the innovation of weapons with knowledge, so that the Ming Dynasty can comprehensively improve in all directions.
.”
Buyantaiji frowned and asked in obvious disbelief: "Is it so mysterious?"
"The north of the Ming Dynasty now has cold-resistant rice, tussah, coal kang, corn, and new methods of iron smelting, cartography, firearms, military formations, and horse-drawn carriages; the south has sweet potatoes, and new methods
The methods of shipbuilding, sugar making, weaving, and paper making. Looking at the Ming Dynasty, what other new products such as soap and cement are there? Where do these come from?
I thought that all these things came from knowledge. Although Gao Rixin was very knowledgeable, I thought that he was not responsible for all of the above, so I investigated carefully and finally found something."
"What discovery?" Buyantaiji immediately asked.
"Jinghua Craftsman School." Burihatu sighed: "Many new things in Jinghua came from this school, so even if we really kill Gao Rixin with death, as long as his craftsman school is still there, the power of the Ming Dynasty will be
It won't lead to depression.
What's more... Huang Taiji thinks I haven't considered killing Gao Rixin? I have thought about it and tried it, but there is no way to do it. He has a group of servants around him who are responsible for his security. It is found that the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Beijing is responsible for the management of this internal affairs.
The leader of the tribe is called Gao Mo, and he has been closely following Gao Rixin for more than twenty years. He cannot be bribed or coerced."
"The government just looked at a map and thought of all this. Isn't it a bit of a fuss? It's just a craftsman school, how can it be so capable?" Buyantaiji originally wanted to say that Buyandi Hatu had other people's ambitions.
, to destroy his own prestige, but considering that it was not enough to offend him, he had to change the word.
Burihatu said: "In the past, during our Western Mongolian expedition, if we had not captured a large number of craftsmen in Khwarezm and other places, would we have been able to return with artillery?"
With just these words, Buyantaiji was left speechless. Huihui artillery played a huge role in the Mongolian conquests, and Central Asian and Arab craftsmen not only brought Huihui artillery to the Mongols.
, many technologies have contributed to the expansion of the Mongols, but this is something Buyantaiji, who is proud of Mongolia's past glory, knows very well, so there is no way to refute it.
Since I couldn't refute this, I naturally couldn't refute the core point of view that "knowledge brings progress" mentioned by Burihatu before, so I had no choice but to keep silent or even start thinking in silence.
Seeing that the time was basically ripe, Burihatu spoke again: "Gao Rixin has great knowledge and wisdom, and he has such an accurate map in his hand. I expected that although he was pretending to be eager, he was not expecting it."
There must be arrangements... I'm afraid he is not eager to rescue the siege for naturalization, but wants me, Chahar, to concentrate our forces and take the initiative to attack his way."
"Does the government mean that this is Gao Rixin's treacherous plan, and he actually wants to use himself as bait to annihilate our army?" Although Buyantaiji has limited other consciousness, he seems to have some military savvy, at least he can listen after being reminded.
Understand the meaning.
Burihatu nodded solemnly and said: "Gao Rixin will not allow us to exist in the northern border of the Ming Dynasty. This is obvious. Even if the Ming army is not found three hundred miles away, I am still sure that as long as our army attacks his base,
, there must be at least 100,000 Ming troops in the surrounding area who will rush over immediately in an attempt to encircle our army near Tumut Guihua."
Buyantaiji said angrily: "I can't fight, but I can't walk, so what should I do now?"
Burihatu said in a deep voice: "There is only one plan: as he wishes, fake a fight to create opportunities for 'Go'."
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