Bifang's side face was illuminated by the faintly flickering bonfire.
In the pit on the side were the hairs of two skinned squirrels.
As for the meat…
Bi Fang turned over the two grills in front of him, one on the left and one on the right. Both were very fat and sizzling with oil. He had to turn them over from time to time to prevent the oil from dripping.
Animal fat is a good thing and cannot be wasted at all.
The squirrel was grilled until it was charred on the outside and tender on the inside, but still not completely cooked. There was also a bunch of grilled insect skewers made of various insects on the side, and there was the most important step before that.
Bi Fang picked up the bamboo tube on the side and carefully removed it from the bonfire.
The bamboo tube was split in half, filled with water, and was boiling. In the middle of the boiling water, light yellow crystals stood up to form a "hill".
This is a "salt mountain".
The newly extracted mineral salt can be eaten, but it is not safe. First of all, it is a bacterial problem. Maybe what Bi Fang scraped off was just licked by the white-legged bison?
If not the white-legged bison, what other animal might it be?
Even if you haven't licked it, it's not safe in the Batcave.
Furthermore, the ingredients in mineral salt are not only salt, but also many other impurities. Although there is nothing wrong with eating a little, eating too much is definitely not good.
So Bi Fang still demonstrated the simplest method that can minimize the risk.
He first dissolved the mineral salt in pure water, heated it over fire until the salt solution boiled, and continued heating over a slow fire until a large number of white crystals appeared in the container.
Boiling water is, on the one hand, sterilizing and disinfecting it, and on the other hand, it is using the effect of temperature on solubility.
"The solubility of sodium chloride changes very slightly under the influence of temperature. At normal temperature of 20 degrees, the saturated solubility is about 36 grams; when heated to 90 degrees, it is only 39 grams."
"Typical impurities, such as potassium chloride and magnesium chloride, have particularly obvious solubility changes as the temperature increases. Taking magnesium chloride as an example, also at room temperature of 20 degrees, the saturated solubility is about 55 grams; when heated to 90 degrees, it has
It goes up to 70 grams.”
Bi Fang used a small spoon to dig out all the salt grains. This was the third time that he had separated out salt.
Each time, he would add more water and cook it over a high fire for more than half an hour before enough salt could be precipitated.
"So when the solubility of sodium chloride in water reaches saturation, magnesium chloride is far from saturated. As the water temperature increases, the difference in saturated solubility between the two becomes larger and larger."
"Finally, the aqueous solution is heated to a certain high temperature. As the water evaporates, when the sodium chloride has crystallized and precipitated, the magnesium chloride is still completely dissolved in the water. It is considered preliminary purification."
After stirring for a while, Bi Fang put down the branch and said with a smile: "These are all content in junior high school chemistry. I think everyone should know it, right?"
[Ah, yes, yes, we all know it, Goutou]
[Have you ever learned, go around in circles]
[Return everything to the teacher]
[I have some impression, but I have completely forgotten why I did this]
[Sure enough, if you learn mathematics, physics and chemistry well, you will not be afraid of traveling all over the world. With Lao Fang’s ability, he might even be able to take the college entrance examination]
[Am I here to learn? Am I here to learn to cook? What did I learn today? Ask three questions every day and examine myself three times]
【Shrimp, or pig heart?】
Use a spoon to scrape the salt off the container, dissolve it in pure water again, and finally pour it into a container with activated carbon. The top and bottom of the activated carbon are covered with clean large leaf nets, with several small holes punched in it.
Bi Fang explained: "Because there is no gauze, my charcoal particles are relatively large, so I don't agree to take them out. Of course, there may be some charcoal ash, but it doesn't matter. There is no problem with eating some charcoal."
"This filtration is mainly to adsorb impurities. After this step is completed, the filtered brine is reheated to precipitate salt, and it can be eaten."
When the salt crystals precipitated again, the squirrel was almost roasted. This time the squirrel was not burnt, but was roasted to a dark yellow state.
Take down the bamboo tube containing salt water and illuminate it under the firelight. Although it is not very clear, the audience can clearly feel that compared with the original mineral salt, this pile of salt is much whiter, but the particles are very large, which is different from household salt.
Very big.
In fact, the modern salt production industry is a highly industrialized and standardized process.
A modern industry developed based on people's precise understanding of the composition of coarse salt, complete basic chemical research, and the industrialization of salt production.
It is very difficult to "simply" purify today's household fine salt in the wilderness.
The wasted effort and energy are not worth it. Even if Bi Fang knew the process, he would not do it. It is enough to get coarse salt that can be consumed for a long time.
Bi Fang carefully picked up a handful of mountain tops and sprinkled them evenly on the roasted squirrel. The moment the large salt grains combined with the hot oil, they immediately melted into the bones and flesh and disappeared.
A stronger fresh fragrance hit his nostrils. Bi Fang tore the lemongrass into shreds and gently waved it on the skin, adding a unique lemon fragrance to the fresh fragrance.
Fanning the smell, Bi Fang took a deep breath, and then slowly exhaled it after taking in the smell for a long time.
“It smells so good!”
【I am so hungry】
[It’s nine o’clock, it should be supper time now]
Gu Zhen
[Woooooo, squirrels are so cute, how can you eat squirrels, wooooooo]
【What a greedy person, bah, what a greedy person】
[Salt is the best of all flavors, I envy you]
His stomach had already begun to growl, so Bi Fang eagerly picked up the branch, bit off the bones and meat, and chewed it.
The rich fat exploded in the mouth, accompanied by a salty and delicious taste that had not been tasted in a long time. The slender bones mixed with the meat were chewed into bone residue. Except for the meat, it was a bit foreign, so delicious that even the tongue could swallow it.
The two squirrels were eaten completely, not even the bones and residue were left, and the insect skewers were equally crispy and delicious.
After taking a rest, Bi Fang bit a branch, brushed his teeth briefly, then took a bath with warm water, and got into a makeshift hammock to sleep.
The ninth day of survival in the Banna rainforest.
Bi Fang got up early, followed the direction signs in the forest, and rushed towards the campsite.
"If you really get lost in the forest, we can leave some clues about where you have been and which direction you are heading to for those who may come to rescue you."
"A qualified mark must be able to tell at a glance that it is man-made and contains certain information."
"There are many ways here. If there are stones, you can use stones. If not, you can use wood, grass, leaves, etc. to mark. And it is best to use two or more methods together, which can increase the fault tolerance rate and avoid animals or
Destroyed by natural factors.”
Stones, pebbles, sticks, and tall grass can all be used as markers.
Bi Fang uses stones and tall grass at the same time. He stacks several fist-sized stones, knots the tall grass, and presses them in a certain direction. The distance is determined by the number of knots and bundles of tall grass.
One pole is fifty meters. If three poles are tied, it proves that the next sign is one hundred and fifty meters ahead.
"It is best not to use stones in the rainforest, because they may be washed away by heavy rain. It is best to use stones larger than the size of a fist and pile them into different shapes to determine the direction and trees to determine the distance.
Basically it’s these two elements.”
"Also during the day, another effective way to attract people is to burn grass and leaves, the smoke can be a good indication of where you are.
At night, you can use the resources you have to light a large fire. If there is enough fuel, you need to separate three fires so that they form a triangle, with each pile about 10 meters apart.
Of course, the prerequisite for this is that you must ensure that you do not cause a forest fire. Once a wildfire occurs, you will almost 100% be killed."
Bi Fang chatted with the audience and chatted on the roadside, but nothing unexpected happened along the way.
It was not until noon that the familiar shed finally appeared in front of everyone again.
"Oh my god, it's finally here."
Bi Fang put the heavy bark frame on the ground and moved his sore shoulders. His forehead was covered with hot sweat. He had been running for a whole morning and almost collapsed. He drank all the water.
I also threw away all the tools I could throw away. Now I only have a grass skirt, a wooden spear, a stone dagger, red clay powder, some materials, a few bamboo tubes and funnel bags, and finally tree bark.
There is a frame with hard-collected iron bacteria inside, and a bamboo hat is placed on it.
Even Bifang's coir raincoat was too heavy and he threw it away.
"I haven't been home for almost four days. Let's not go in yet. The place I chose is uphill. Rainwater is not easy to collect. There may be many insects gathered here. Let's fume them away first."
Bi Fang pulled up the inconspicuous yellow chrysanthemums around his waist, tied them with lemongrass and put them on the fire to light.
"This is the pyrethrum I found on the road this morning. People now cultivate it specially to kill insects because its inflorescence contains four kinds of insecticidal ingredients, including pyrethrin A, B and pyrethrin A.
B, but they are easy to hydrolyze and disappear, so don’t let them touch the water.”
[Wait a minute, isn’t this the chrysanthemum used to make tea? 】
【Can this thing get rid of insects?】
【Holy shit, is it okay if people eat it? 】
[You can’t touch water, so can you touch fire?]
"This is not the white chrysanthemum used for making tea. It just looks similar. You won't come across it normally. It is grown with industrial pesticides and is rarely seen in the wild."
Bi Fang threw the smoking pyrethrum into the shelter and waited for the smoke to spread.
"The pharmacological effect of insecticide is to paralyze the nerves of insects, and the effect is still very strong. Generally, insects can recover within 24 hours after being paralyzed and drunk; after house flies are poisoned, they are completely paralyzed within 10 minutes, and the mortality rate is 60
-70% or so”
"It is also toxic to insects, fish, amphibians and reptiles; however, it is not obviously toxic to birds and mammals. So we don't have to worry too much about the harm it will cause to humans."
The drone was close to the ground near the shelter, and the audience could clearly see some inconspicuous little bugs struggling to escape.
Some ran too slowly, and even before they ran out of the smoke range, their movements began to slow down, and soon they fell to the ground, motionless.
[Damn, what a powerful poison!]
[Can it kill mosquitoes? They almost killed me in the past two days]
【I also want to do it at my house】
About half a quarter of an hour later, Bi Fang entered the shelter and stamped out the pyrethrum.
"If pyrethrum is not available, we can also use pine needles or sage, which have the same effect, but the waiting time is longer and the environment needs to be sealed to achieve better results. At home, you can use this method to repel insects, pyrethrum
Forget it, no matter what, it is toxic."
After rummaging through the shelter that he hadn't returned to for a long time, Bi Fang picked up a few stiff, intoxicated bugs and threw them out.
At the same time, I swept away all the leaves blown in by the wind, but as soon as I swept away a leaf, a huge paw print attracted everyone's attention.