Chapter 1217 Postscript Seventy-three Chemical Standards and Cangzhou Erjun
Chapter 1217 Postscript 73·Chemical Standards and Cangzhou Erjun
Night, study.
Xie Yan is reading the latest chemistry journal.
Daiyu and Baochai, who had officially moved here, sat obediently nearby and practiced calligraphy, waiting for Xie Yan's orders at any time.
Zhu Tangxi and Qingluan brought lotus seed soup, and Daiyu and Baochai quickly wrote to pay their respects.
"Is there anything good in this issue?" Zhu Tangxi asked.
Xie Yan said: "Two consecutive issues of the Chemistry Journal have produced a lot of results. There is an article in this issue that attempts to find some new rules by comparing the known relative atomic masses with the periodic table of elements left by Taizu."
"Is it feasible?" Zhu Tangxi asked.
Xie Yan shook his head: "This method is too clever and may not be very effective."
The periodic table of elements left by Zhu Guoxiang does not indicate electron-related information or relative atomic mass, it just arranges various elements.
At present, Ming Dynasty chemists have set the relative mass of hydrogen atoms to 1. They have also calculated the relative masses of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and other atoms through experiments.
Three elements, helium, lithium and beryllium, have not yet been discovered by chemists.
The element boron has been discovered a long time ago. Elemental boron is obtained by electrolyzing boron oxide. Because this thing is related to borax, it was naturally identified as boron according to the Taizu element table.
Now, based on the measured relative atomic masses, some people have discovered an erroneous rule that they thought was correct.
Before they even found the specific elements, they claimed that in Taizu's periodic table of elements, except for hydrogen, the relative mass difference between the atoms of other adjacent elements was 2.
Therefore, they speculated that the relative atomic masses of the first few elements that have not yet been discovered are: helium 2, lithium 4, and beryllium 6.
And because of the accuracy of the experiment, they measured the relative mass of boron atoms with errors. Therefore, they concluded: boron 10, carbon 12, nitrogen 14, and oxygen 16.
This also lacks an element with a relative atomic mass of 8, so the author of the paper concluded that when Taizu wrote the element table, he missed an element between beryllium and boron.
This paper caused great controversy, firstly because it was questioned that Taizu had omitted to write it, and secondly because the entire paper was purely the author's conjecture.
But there are also many chemists who support this paper because this speculation is so mathematically beautiful.
Even including sodium, silicon, and phosphorus whose relative atomic masses have been measured, this conjecture is barely valid. The reason why I say "barely" is because the data are approximate, not completely identical.
This unequal approximation is considered to be an error caused by insufficient accuracy of experiments and balances.
While drinking lotus seed soup, Xie Yan read the chemistry journal and then started writing a paper: "Several Chemical Definitions, Conjectures and Chemical Formula Expressions".
Zhu Tangxi sat aside and watched, and saw Xie Yan writing——
Definition 1: Atoms are elementary particles that cannot be subdivided in chemical reactions.
Definition 2: Molecules are the smallest particles that maintain the chemical properties of matter.
Definition 3: Chemical conservation means not only that the mass of a substance that has been proposed before remains unchanged. Its conservation essence is that atoms are recombined through chemical reactions, and the number of atoms that make up the substance remains unchanged before and after the reaction.
Particle conjecture: Atoms are not the smallest particles that make up matter, and can also be subdivided by non-chemical means. The periodic table of elements left by Taizu may be sorted by the number of smaller particles.
Molecular formula: bala bala.
Chemical equation: bala bala.
Chemical reaction type: blah blah.
After writing the outline, Xie Yan began to write the details.
He did not do his own experiments, but quoted these two issues of chemical journals and supplements to summarize the experimental results of others.
Xie Yan is formulating industry standards...ah, he is formulating academic standards for the chemical industry.
Before, I didn't even understand molecules and atoms, so there was no molecular formula or chemical equation. Chemists could only use words, arrows, and plus signs to express chemical reactions.
Combination reactions and decomposition reactions have been defined by Ming chemists. The rest are called complex reactions, and Xie Yan further subdivided them into displacement reactions and metathesis reactions.
At the end of the paper, Xie Yan suggested not to rush to find new elements, but to figure out the molecular formulas of various compounds of known elements. This is a research direction that can produce results more quickly than searching for new elements.
The paper was not long, so Zhu Tangxi read it quickly and said with a smile: "I can easily understand Liulang's paper when he writes it like this. It is from a high level and explains the profound things in a simple way, which is much better than those convoluted and convoluted papers written by those scholars. After reading this
After writing this paper, I felt like I was becoming a chemist."
Xie Yan said: "They are exploring like a blind man, exploring bit by bit. I am trying to be clever, summarizing their results, and helping them point out the direction of exploration."
Zhu Tangxi sighed: "This requires enough wisdom. Is Liu Lang a talent given by heaven?"
Xie Yan packed up his papers and turned from a chemist into a puppy. He smiled and asked without formality: "The genius can't sleep alone. Sister, would you like to sleep with the genius?"
"Genius gentleman, please~~~~~~~" Zhu Tangxi sang in a dramatic tone.
Xie Yan hugged her across the waist and left the study amidst the princess's laughter.
The two returned to the bedroom.
Zhu Tangxi lay on the bed and said: "I have vacated two rooms in the library and are converting them into laboratories. There is a fire protection design there, so you are not afraid of accidents. When the laboratory is built, I will be your assistant at home."
"Madam, you can now be an assistant in the human-creation experiment." Xie Yan had already taken off his coat.
Zhu Tangxi's eyes were as charming as silk: "What's new about today's human-creation experiment?"
Xie Yan's head got under her skirt, Zhu Tangxi was shocked, and soon felt ashamed and delighted to experience the fun of the experiment.
Daiyu and Baochai were still tidying up the study room.
Seeing that there was no one else in the room, Baochai muttered: "Since I moved here, I haven't been intimate with my husband again."
Baochai recalled the time when she was in the Li family courtyard: "I was held by my husband from behind and taught me how to write hand by hand. I especially liked practicing calligraphy like that. The smell of my husband smelled so good."
"That's you, I've never been hugged by my husband." Daiyu was a little jealous.
Baochai continued to sigh.
Daiyu reminded: "I have to work hard to read and study, and I will be my husband's assistant in the future. If you don't work hard, you will have to keep cleaning the study room."
Baochai said it didn't matter: "Then I will keep cleaning the study for Mr. Lang. After all, someone has to clean up the study. Why don't you leave?"
"You go back to sleep, I have to continue reading and practicing calligraphy." After Daiyu moved to the princess house, she actually became more curly than before.
Baochai sighed: "Learn slowly and see if you can become a female scholar one day."
It was not only them who moved into the princess's mansion, but also Xie Yan's four wives and children.
Their families followed Xie Yiqin to Beijing, and now they have all changed their employment contracts and become servants of the princess.
My friend Wang Sheng is also coming to Beijing. He failed the scholar examination this year and ranked relatively low. He has almost given up the idea of taking the imperial examination.
This was also the choice of most book boys, because the imperial court allowed domestic servants to take the imperial examination, and they had been studying with their masters, so they chose to take the imperial examination once or twice to try their luck.
If you fail one or two exams, you immediately give up and become a servant.
After the eldest brother Xie Hong finishes his provincial examination and attends the "wedding banquet" hosted by his hometown, Wang Sheng will follow Xie Hong to Beijing.
…
But he said Baoding Fucheng.
When the Ming Dynasty was first founded, this area was still divided into Baozhou and Dingzhou.
The official name of Baozhou City is "Bao Sai", and it is the only city named "Bao Sai" in the entire Northern Song Dynasty border. One can imagine how high its military status is.
When the Ming Dynasty made Baoding the capital of Hebei Province, it was precisely to confront the Jin soldiers in Youzhou.
Outside the Gongyuan.
Xie Hong carefully read the first list posted, and soon became more nervous and apprehensive. He was at the bottom of the provincial examination list, and he was not there.
The sixth brother first became a bachelor of Furong, and then became the prince-in-law of the court. It would be embarrassing if he failed to win the exam again.
The Hebei provincial examination is not as competitive as in the South.
But the admission quota is also very small. Only 96 people are admitted in Hebei at one time. This is the whole of Hebei including Linhuang Prefecture!
Soon, the second list was posted.
Xie Hong was immediately stunned because his name was written in the third place.
The third place on the second list is the eighth place on the overall list.
I won, I won, and I am still ranked eighth in Hebei!
"Where is Mr. Xie Jialang?"
"Where is Mr. Xie?"
"Master, Mr. Xie is over there, let's go and catch him quickly!"
"..."
Ever since the news of Xie Yan being recruited as the consort reached Hebei, brothers Xie Hong and Xie Kan were targeted.
Especially Xie Hong, who is going to take the provincial examination and is still unmarried in his twenties, must be waiting to talk about marriage after passing the examination.
"Don't crowd, don't push, this is our Wang family's nephew!" The Wang family of Baoding had already sent someone to protect him.
The Wang family has a legitimate daughter who is fourteen years old. She will be haircut next year, so she can make a marriage contract first.
"The Laws of the Ming Dynasty" stipulates that a woman cannot get married until she is fifteen years old.
Seeing the servants of the Wang family surrounding Xie Hong, the other people who wanted to capture his son-in-law sighed.
When cousins get married and get closer to each other, how can other families win over them?
Scholars one after another came to congratulate Xie Hong on his success.
Those who failed were forced to smile, and those who won the exam were proud of themselves. Although they only passed the exam, they took a step towards becoming a Jinshi!
The winners this time were all in the same year of the provincial examination, so they invited each other to have fun.
Xie Hong got so drunk that night that he hugged the singer and slept all night in the singing house. After taking the exam for several years, he finally passed the exam. He didn't need anyone to persuade him to drink, so he drank one drink after another.
I don’t know why the show ended, and I don’t know who paid. Anyway, I got drunk and sang and then fell asleep in a daze.
I can't go crazy the next day because I have to attend the Deer Ming Banquet on the third day.
Back at the Wang family's residence, the uncles came to congratulate and talk about Xie Hong's marriage.
The grown-up daughters of the Wang family have long been married, and only the fifth uncle's fourteen-year-old cousin is the most suitable.
"Congratulations to my cousin for passing the examination!"
Cousin Yingying bowed and blushed with embarrassment. She knew what the elders were going to talk about.
Xie Hong had not thought much about it before, but now he looked at his cousin, who seemed a bit more beautiful. He said to several uncles: "Marriage is a major matter, the parents' orders, and the matchmaker's words. My nephew has no objection, but he must first inform him
parents."
The uncle and aunts all laughed. As long as Xie Hong agreed, the matter was basically settled, and Xie Yiqin and his wife would not object.
At the Luming Banquet the next day, the most popular person was naturally Jieyuan in the provincial examination, followed by Xie Hong, who came in eighth.
The scholar-teacher said to all the scholars: "Now there is a seventeen-year-old Bachelor of Furong, and his brother has been selected as a candidate. This shows that our literary style in Hebei has become very prosperous. The Xie brothers can be called the two talents of Cangzhou!"
"I don't dare to take it, I don't dare to take it." Xie Hong said repeatedly.
Regardless of whether he dares to take it or not, the term "Cangzhou's Second Horse" has been established.
Even Xie Yan's second brother, Xie Kan, failed in this year's government examination, the tide is rising and there are constant matchmakers.
The Xie family plans to pick another one, at least until Xie Kan wins the prize.
The Chemistry Branch of the Royal Society, however, did not dare to criticize Xie Yan's new paper and directly convened a meeting of all chemists in Luoyang!
Because the definitions, conjectures, molecular formulas, etc. in Xie Yan's paper set standards for the chemical community and must be recognized by many chemists.