It was time to start boiling water. Frederick had been busy in the study for an unknown amount of time and found that there were many prerequisite tasks that had not been solved.
First of all, you need to confirm the steam pressure when boiling water. Have you got a pressure gauge?
Fortunately, he was familiar with pressure gauges in his previous life, so he drew a schematic diagram of a Bourdon tube pressure gauge and gave it to Ogilvy to solve it.
However, the suffering has just begun.
Frederick chose to target 20 to 30 horsepower steam engines, taking the median value of 25 horsepower, because the current power of the magic reciprocator is between 5 and 10 horsepower, and it must be staggered to its ecological niche with greater power.
Practice shows that most of the current machines have enough power. Higher-power machines require higher movement speeds, which will make heat dissipation more difficult. More energy will be spent on cooling, and the overall efficiency will be lower.
The lower.
Therefore, Frederick decided to develop the magic reciprocator in the low-power area and the steam engine to increase the power.
After determining the output power, the calculation begins.
The theoretical output power formula can be obtained from the knowledge of steam engine structure and physics:
P=2xNxLx(πD2/4)xP?/(75x60)
Formula in
P——Output power??horsepower
N——steam engine speed? revolutions/minute
L - piston stroke?? meters
D——Piston diameter??cm
P?——Steam pressure?kg/cm2
It is not difficult to see from the formula that if the steam engine power is to be reduced, the steam pressure must be increased.
Relying on "I Xunsi" to determine the diameter and stroke of the piston, the next step is to determine the rotation speed. The linear velocity V of the piston of the "I Xunsi" single-cylinder steam engine is 2 to 3 meters/second, and the formula can be obtained:
N=60V/2L revolutions/minute
Next, we can calculate the steam pressure of the boiler, which is higher than the working pressure of the steam engine.
Then Frederick's head was about to explode. He had never been exposed to steam boiler design and had only a rough understanding of the structure of the boiler. He had never heard of the flow rate method and pressure drop method used in steam pipe selection.
He can only continue to activate the "power of my thinking", do it first, then talk about it, and then slowly change it.
As for the energy source of the boiler, Frederick chose to use magical energy without hesitation. This was a conclusion he came to after thinking for a long time.
Coal mining is still very backward these days, and the smelting plant has already eaten up all of Wesenland's import share. I'm afraid there won't be that much coal to boil water.
Using magic crystal is different. Its biggest advantage is that it can use the magic elements in nature to recharge itself. It has no waste gas emissions, is green and pollution-free.
The heating magic array can be completely placed in the water, and the heat emitted is completely absorbed by the surrounding water. Unlike burning coal, there is still a lot of heat in the smoke that has not been utilized.
Another advantage of using magic energy at the same time is that it is easy to control the heat.
The magic circuit of the heating magic array can be connected to the pressure gauge and water level gauge. It can turn on a strong fire when the pressure is not enough, turn off a low fire when the pressure is too high, keep the heat under normal pressure, and automatically close the gate when the water is not enough to avoid burning out.
Then Frederick encountered another problem. The steam valve and water valve had to be started from scratch.
With the arrow on the string, he can no longer control so much and no longer strives for excellence. By the way, he "thinks about" the thread rolling machine, thread rolling machine and tapping machine for making screws and nuts. The diameter of the screw, the original triangle height and the pitch are according to those used in his previous life.
Copy it and do destructive experiments on the ultimate performance.
Fortunately, he had been doing installation projects for a period of time and was familiar with them.
With these machines, it should be no problem to make a stop valve, and it is not difficult to make other valves.
In order to prevent the steam engine from turning into a self-exploding truck, the boiler and cylinder need to be strong enough, so the wall thickness must be sufficient without wasting material.
This requires obtaining data through a large number of experiments, and then deducing relevant formulas based on material mechanics.?
Otherwise, without theoretical guidance, if we want to produce a more powerful steam engine, we can only "think about it" again.
Frederick spent countless days and nights doing calculations before finally determining various data.
The cylinder diameter of this magic steam engine is 140mm, the piston stroke is 230mm, and the rotation speed is 300 rpm. Taking into account various energy losses, it is estimated that in order to achieve 25 horsepower, more than 10 atmospheres of steam will be used.
At this time, the glass craftsmen hired by Archbishop Victor arrived. Frederick spent a day selecting a leader from among the craftsmen to take charge of the construction of the glass workshop. At the same time, he approved the reform plan for various departments of Wesson, and then began to design various departments.
Components and determined manufacturing processes.
The boiler is rolled out of steel plates, and welding is easy. You can grab some fire magic from Weisenberg University and come over to work.
The hemispherical parts at both ends are forged with steel plates in a mold. The two ends of the boiler need to be opened frequently for maintenance, so the flanges are easily pulled out and sealed with lead.
After the cylinder body is cast, the upper mold is properly forged to remove air holes and other defects, and then the outer shape is processed with a lathe and the inner bore is finished with a boring machine.
The piston is directly cast, and then the shape, internal screw hole and groove for installing the sealing ring are processed with a lathe. The diameter is 1mm smaller than the cylinder.
The sealing ring is simple to process, but it requires high material performance. It cannot be too hard to damage the cylinder, and its elasticity cannot be too large or too small. This is left to professionals.
The piston and the piston rod are connected through the threads in the inner hole of the piston and the threads at one end of the rod. They are clamped with nuts on both sides, poured with lead to seal and fix the nuts to prevent loosening.
The slide valve controls the supply and exhaust of steam in the cylinder. It moves back and forth through the connecting rod control, allowing steam to enter both sides of the piston in the cylinder to push the piston back and forth, and allowing the exhaust gas to be discharged through the open channel.
This part requires long-term reciprocating motion, requires sealing, and is difficult to replace frequently, so the contact surface is made of copper.
The two ends of the cylinder are connected with flanges and lead seals just like the boiler, but one end has a piston rod passing through it, which requires a stuffing box to ensure that steam does not leak when the piston rod moves.
There were not many choices for fillers, so he called BASF and asked for a long time, and finally chose a high-temperature and wear-resistant slime soft rubber sleeve iron ring solution with added additives.
The rest is simple. The crosshead, main connecting rod, flywheel and crankshaft used on the magic reciprocator can all be used directly on the steam engine.
After the main components are designed, the next step is the design of pipes and various accessories.
The first is to control the steam valve that the boiler provides steam to the steam engine. He designed a stop valve controlled by magic muscles in the steam drum. When it is not working, it blocks the pipe like a finger. When it starts to work, it is loosened and it does not work.
No.
Next is the top safety valve, which has the same principle as the exhaust valve of a pressure cooker. It usually blocks the pipe under the action of gravity. When the pressure reaches a dangerous level, it is pushed open to exhaust.
There is also a safety valve on the side, which is blocked with lead below the lowest water level. The magic circuit of the heating magic circle passes through there. When the water is lower than it and the lead is heated in the boiler, the lead will melt, discharge the steam and cut off the magic circuit.
There must be no shortage of wheels, otherwise no one will be able to lift such a big thing.
Finally, these things are integrated. The boiler is placed underneath, the steam engine is installed on top of it, and a chimney for capturing water vapor is added, and a magic pot machine is born.
At this time, Frederick couldn't help but wonder, since this guy has wheels, why don't the wheels just be directly connected to the flywheel, then add a steering gear to the front wheel and a cab to the back, and it becomes a tractor. p>