"Interdisciplinary team?" Lu Weiwei was stunned, and couldn't help but said: "The name sounds very impressive. Is it possible that not only forensic scientists, but also other police types and other professional personnel can participate?"
Forensic Doctor Liu nodded slightly: "That's pretty much what it means, because we in Jiangnan City still need to strengthen training in diatom detection, otherwise Gao Chuanfeng would not ask such a stupid question."
"Uh." Suddenly he felt like he was shot, and Gao Chuanfeng felt that his whole body was not well.
Gu Chen frowned slightly and said tentatively: "To form such an interdisciplinary team, we must mobilize the backbone of the team. There must be some team members who study forensics, some materials science, some chemistry, and some
Studying biology."
"Yes, you are absolutely right." Forensic Doctor Liu fully agreed with Gu Chen's opinion and couldn't help but say:
"With this interdisciplinary team, the next step is to focus on overcoming three problems."
Officer Wang didn't quite understand, so he asked for advice: "Forensic Doctor Liu, can you be more specific? What are the three problems?"
After completing the staged tests on hand, forensic doctor Liu turned back and said: "The first thing is to digest the tissue and retain the shell of the diatom."
"Secondly, diatoms need to be enriched, and thirdly, the process needs to be prevented from pollution."
Seeing everyone lowering their heads and thinking, Forensic Doctor Liu added: "These seemingly simple steps, in fact, if not performed properly during the process, many problems will occur."
"For example, with regard to diatom detection technology, this kind of research is not new. As early as 2003, the relevant team purchased an electron microscope to study abnormal particles in drowned corpses."
"They used foreign objects in the corpse to determine the cause and location of death. During the experiment, these forensic doctors were surprised to find that the practical application of diatoms was better, but it also had flaws."
"Master, don't talk about the advantages, let's talk about the disadvantages." Forensic assistant Gao Chuanfeng was also a little impatient.
Forensic Doctor Liu glanced at him and said, "If it's a shortcoming, it's an operational flaw."
"Operation defect?" Gao Chuanfeng was stunned, and quickly frowned and asked: "What specific aspect does it refer to?"
"In actual operation, the technical results of diatom inspection may not be satisfactory." Gu Chen continued.
Forensic Doctor Liu nodded slightly: "Yes, this is the operational defect I am talking about, because the effect is relative."
Lu Weiwei was thoughtful and asked forensic doctor Liu: "Why is that? What is the reason?"
"This..." Forensic Doctor Liu was about to speak, but he glanced at Gu Chen beside him, and asked Gu Chen directly: "Gu Chen, what do you think about this question?"
"I think it's a pollution problem." Gu Chen answered directly: "Pollution is a big problem, and the detection rate is low. Third, there is no standard."
Forensic Doctor Liu smiled slightly: "Gu Chen, please continue."
"Yes." Gu Chen nodded silently, and after a few seconds of silence, he explained to everyone:
"Perhaps a famous master can do this kind of test, but he can do it, but others can't, which means there is no repeatability."
"But something without repeatability can only be called experience, not science."
"That's very good." Forensic Doctor Liu agreed with Gu Chen's view and couldn't help but said: "Take myself as an example. Maybe for testing, with my own rich testing experience, it may be successful."
"But if, I mean if, it is left to Gao Chuanfeng, there are other assistants to do it."
"They are definitely not as good as me in terms of experience. The consequence of lack of experience is that the detection is not ideal and accurate results cannot be achieved."
"So this is what Gu Chen said, something without repeatability can only be called experience, not science."
"But in order to solve this problem, we have actually taken many detours."
"Yes." Gu Chen also felt the same way, nodded slightly and said, "For many years, the most traditional way to find diatoms...is to extract tissue specimens from corpses."
"After extraction, mixed acid is used to digest the tissue, and then a series of procedures such as centrifugation and separation are performed, and finally the tissue is extracted and made into a glass slide."
"But after it's over, we still need to use an optical microscope to observe it, and finally we can look for traces of diatoms."
After a pause, Gu Chen continued: "But there are many problems with such a traditional extraction method."
"Because the traditional strong acid digestion method is open, during the digestion process... there is a risk of strong acid spraying out and burning the human body."
"Moreover, during the digestion process of strong acid and test materials, nitrogen dioxide and odorous gases are released, which can easily pollute the environment."
"There are still so many troubles?" Officer Wang couldn't understand what Gu Chen was talking about at all. After all, these were beyond his cognitive outline.
Gu Chen nodded slightly and continued: "Yes, it is quite troublesome, and it is also a disadvantage."
"In addition, traditional digestion generally requires repeated centrifugation before making a film for observation. One centrifugation will lose about 30% of the diatoms, resulting in a low diatom extraction recovery rate."
"In addition, traditional optical microscopes have limited magnification, rely on manual search, and the analysis work is intensive. For micro-diatoms, it is easy to miss detection, or their species cannot be accurately identified."
"However, the characteristics of diatoms determine that it is still the 'gold standard' for diagnosing drowning. Through the analysis of diatoms, not only can we make a more direct judgment on the cause of death, but we can also point to the possible drowning location."
"Yes, Gu Chen said it very well." Forensic Doctor Liu, who has completed the next step of testing, is performing various operations in his hands, and says with his back to everyone:
"It is precisely because traditional methods of testing... have major drawbacks, that we must overcome difficulties and improve the technology to achieve outstanding results."
"In this regard, our counterparts in Yangcheng have done really well."
"So, how can we upgrade the existing diatom inspection methods to make them of practical value?"
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading! "My colleagues in Yangcheng, they formed an 'interdisciplinary team' composed of technical backbones from the Criminal Division. In addition to those who studied forensic medicine, the team members also
Some study materials, some study chemistry, and some study biology.”
"It is precisely because of such an interdisciplinary team with many key talents that we can make breakthroughs in digesting tissue, retaining the shell of diatoms, enriching diatoms, and preventing pollution during the process."
Looking back at everyone, Forensic Doctor Liu took a deep breath and said with a faint smile: "In order to do experimental research, people often arrange experiments at night and in the wild just like us."
"Because we conduct research on drowning, we cannot attract too much attention from society, let alone affect everyone's daily life."
"Sometimes they will go to the lake in the middle of the night to do research, and go as far as the seaside. They also call in sanitation trucks to transport the lake water back to the laboratory for research."
"It is precisely because of this spirit of overcoming difficulties that people have explored each technology step by step, from traditional strong acid digestion to centrifugal enrichment, to light microscopy, to microwave digestion, to membrane enrichment.
, to scanning electron microscopy.”
"In this way, the time for treating diatoms can be shortened by three-quarters, and the positive rate of diatoms has also been increased from 28% to 97%. This is a qualitative leap."
"That's right." Gu Chen smiled slightly and continued to add to what Forensic Doctor Liu said: "In fact, the use of microwave digestion instead of traditional strong acid digestion shortens the processing time and reduces environmental pollution. It is also fast and has excellent digestion effect.
And thorough.”
"The use of membrane filtration not only replaces the traditional centrifugal treatment, but also greatly improves the recovery rate of diatom extraction."
"And the diameter of the pores on this filter membrane is only 0.45 microns."
After looking at everyone, Gu Chen deliberately reminded: "Everyone, please note that it is only 0.45 microns, which is enough to stop diatoms in nature."
"And use electron microscopy instead of traditional optical microscopy."
Lu Weiwei nodded silently when she heard this and asked Gu Chen: "I know that the detection effect of electron microscope is much higher than that of traditional optical microscope."
"But Junior Brother Gu, can you give us a specific comparison so that we can have a more intuitive understanding?"
"Ahem." Faced with Lu Weiwei's curiosity, Gu Chen coughed twice and adjusted his tone:
"Then let me tell you this, the magnification of traditional light microscope inspection is only about 400 times, and the human eye is required for identification."
"The electron microscope can perform automatic scanning, which is fast and accurate, and can be easily automated."
"In terms of technology alone, the two are not on the same level."
"So that's it. Wouldn't it be simpler and more accurate?" Lu Weiwei said while holding the fingers of her left hand with her right hand: "Automatic scanning is fast and accurate, and it is easy to automate. So anyone can get started?"
"That's right." Forensic Doctor Liu smiled at Lu Weiwei and said, "What a coincidence, we have one in our laboratory, so the detection is not complicated. The key is that our colleagues in Yangcheng paved the way for us."
"Yes." Gu Chen walked to an electron microscope and couldn't help but said:
"I remember that the scientific research team in Yangcheng made remarkable achievements in a series of researches on scientific instruments and scientific methods."
"Moreover, they have published many papers in top international forensic science journals, and have been invited to participate in international forensic science conferences for many years to give academic reports."
"In addition, they also obtained 4 invention patents and 3 utility model patents."
"Hehe." After hearing this, Forensic Doctor Liu said with envy: "They are mainly an interdisciplinary professional team composed of backbones."
"Actually, I had the idea of setting up a research on this topic many years ago, but at that time I was not very qualified and not very worldly. Finding such a backbone interdisciplinary team member was simply impossible."
"And even if I have interdisciplinary team members, and each of them is a backbone, it will be difficult to make a difference on this subject if the scientific research funds are not in place."
Seemingly with regret, Forensic Doctor Liu took a deep breath and tried to calm down after hearing Gu Chen praise his colleagues in Yangcheng.
Everyone seemed to feel Dr. Liu's helplessness and could only look at each other without daring to say a word.
Forensic Doctor Liu glanced at the people behind him and suddenly laughed at himself: "In fact, to complete such a major project, not only the investment of talents is required, but also the investment of funds, software and hardware equipment."
"And even if you form a professional interdisciplinary team, it will take several years to do repeated demonstrations and research, and you may not necessarily achieve results in the end."
"Therefore, obtaining an upgraded testing solution not only depends on the team's ability, but sometimes also depends on the determination of the superiors and whether they are willing to invest heavily and allocate resources to scientific research projects."
"And scientific research projects are often the most expensive. They can't make money as quickly as real estate buying and selling, and they can't produce results quickly."
"It would be okay if the supervisor above me is patient, but I am afraid that if the leadership changes, the project will be cut off and used for other expenses."
"Anyway, it's really not that simple to set up a scientific research project."
"Although I am no longer the rookie I was back then, I still make suggestions to my superiors and receive a lot of scientific research funds."
"But technology is always innovating. If you don't do it at the beginning, someone who is more willing to do it will do it first."
"So people have already done these tasks, upgraded the testing plan, and widely promoted new technologies."
"The testing program we are using now is based on other people's results."
"Forensic Doctor Liu, don't be discouraged." Seeing that Forensic Doctor Liu was a little emotional, Lu Weiwei quickly came over to comfort her:
"Even if the diatom detection project is the first to produce results, we can still make breakthroughs in other fields."
This chapter is not over yet, please click on the next page to continue reading! "Haha." Seeing Lu Weiwei so naive, forensic assistant Gao Chuanfeng couldn't help but laugh twice, and said with a hint of ridicule:
"I'm talking to Lu Weiwei, do you think the establishment of scientific research projects is so easy to operate? Let me tell you, these so-called elite colleagues have not been idle in these years."
"All scientific research projects that are easy to operate and easy to produce results have basically been done by others. At this stage, it is extremely difficult to find scientific research projects in emerging fields."
"There aren't many decent high-standard laboratories to do the basics. Why don't you do it and show me?"
Lu Weiwei was stunned and said weakly: "Okay, okay, I'll just talk casually. I'm really not good at scientific research, but Junior Brother Gu can help me."
When Gu Chen heard this, he nodded silently: "Yes, if there is anything that I, Gu Chen, can be of use for, I will still be willing to help as long as it does not affect my work. After all, I also need to study."
"Haha." Hearing Gu Chen say that he also wanted to study, Forensic Doctor Liu laughed out loud and said: "You, Gu Chen, are the only ones with this enthusiasm, so it's not in vain that our Municipal Bureau's Technical Department gives you priority for testing every time.
."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Forensic Doctor Liu also sighed with emotion: "New technologies are available, but at the beginning, the cost of the required equipment was too high, such as microwaves and scanning electron microscopes. Not every public security unit, especially
It’s something that grassroots units can afford.”
"So, why are our counterparts in Yangcheng so good? Because they also helped us think of it."
"To this end, they have also specifically considered high-quality and low-cost popularization solutions."
"You mean... Lefort's aqua regia?" Gu Chen asked.
Forensic Doctor Liu nodded fiercely: "Yes, it's Lefort's aqua regia. I didn't expect you, Gu Chen, to even know this?"
"I know a little bit, but I only have a superficial understanding." Gu Chen actually knows a lot about this technology, and even took special reading notes in some scientific research magazines.
However, Gu Chen would not act too arrogant, but modestly said that he knew a little bit about it, and returned the right to explain Lefort's Aqua Regia to Forensic Doctor Liu.
Forensic doctor Liu also nodded and couldn't help but said: "Because the cost of microwave digestion equipment is high, we invented Lefort's aqua regia, which is a digestion method using a mixture of three parts nitric acid and one part hydrochloric acid."
"The effect is better than traditional strong acid digestion. It is simple, efficient, and accurate in qualitative and quantitative analysis. It is also low-cost, simple to operate, and highly practical."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Forensic Doctor Liu smiled again: "The cost of electron microscopes is also very high, so our colleagues in Yangcheng are trying to find ways to make the filter membrane transparent so that it can be observed through an optical microscope.
."
"And in order to fill the research gap on diatoms, they also collected water samples from all over the country, observed and classified the diatom components, and systematized the research on diatoms in China."
"In this regard, he is really hardworking. It is only natural that he can get such a great honor, and we don't need to be jealous."
"That's right, no pains, no gains." Lu Weiwei also said casually, feeling that this kind of scientific research was too cumbersome and not something that an ordinary scientific research team could handle.
Forensic Doctor Liu smiled and said: "The multi-connected vacuum diatom enrichment equipment and consumables developed by the Yangcheng City Criminal Division have achieved industrial transformation and have been listed as required equipment for provincial public security agencies by the Ministry of Public Security."
"Currently, the Institute of Criminal Justice in Yangcheng has held many training courses, attracting colleagues from all over the country to participate in the study, and has assisted many provinces and cities in establishing diatom testing laboratories."
"Not only that, but it has also tested a series of difficult cases across the country and reached clear conclusions, playing a key role in the characterization, handling and litigation of the case."
"And the most important thing is... whether it's to assist in inspection or come to study, they don't charge a penny."
"Not a penny?" When he heard this, Officer Wang was also shocked: "So... this is the pattern."
"Isn't that right?" Forensic Doctor Liu also smiled and said: "It is the happiest thing for people to solve problems for everyone."
"Furthermore, after the development of this technology, the number of complaints about corpses in water in Guangdong Province has gone from a dozen to a few cases every year, and now there have been no complaints in the past three years. This is also a social benefit produced by the new method of forensic diatom testing."
"As for recently, they are opening another training class in Yangcheng to help train testing personnel from all over the country to master the latest diatom testing technology."
"I'm also planning to select a team to participate, but I wonder...if you are interested?"
... If you like I Am a Super Police Officer, please collect it: (www.sodu777.net) I Am a Super Police Officer search novel website has the fastest update speed on the entire Internet.
