First of all, you need to understand the anatomy of the human body. The heart, mediastinum, large blood vessels, thymus, etc. are almost partially hidden behind the sternum. It is equivalent to saying that it is basically impossible to perform surgery around the sternum, a big stone blocking the road. Split it open
It is better to break the sternum than to break countless other bones during the bypass. The human chest does not have no other bones except the sternum. Moreover, this approach is the fastest. Splitting the sternum can quickly expose important organs such as the heart, mediastinum, and great blood vessels.
Since you choose thoracotomy, the first thing you must do is to ensure that the surgical field is spacious, bright and thorough, so that the doctor can work quickly and complete the operation early. This method is just like choosing a midline incision for abdominal surgery, and both the chest and abdominal cavities can be imagined.
When a sack is split in the middle with a knife, it is easiest to see clearly what is inside and what parts are broken.
When it comes to splitting bones, the orthopedic knife mentioned before naturally comes to mind. To treat a big bone like the sternum, which is like a big tree trunk, it is faster for the doctor to just use the electric saw. The electric saw the doctor uses is definitely not the electric saw used on the construction site outside.
That guy probably had to scare people to death before he got on stage.
The orthopedic knife can be made very light, just like the electric saw used in surgery, and it can be made like a hand drill. As long as the power is enough and the teeth are sharp, it will have the same effect. The size of the tool depends on the size of the target, but it will split a bone instead of a tree.
Why do you need big tools for a big tree?
When a chainsaw chops down a large tree, it should not be chopped randomly. The cuts should be neat and the two sections should be split instantly, so that it is easy to clean up the mess afterwards.
The surgical electric saw is also called a sternum saw when splitting the sternum. It must also be planned and purposed. It should be cut on the central tangent line and the incision should be neat. First, it is beautiful. Second, the cut bones need to be re-tied after the operation. When the time comes, it will be benchmarked.
It is easy and the incision is easy to heal. The third most important thing is that it can standardize the surgical field of exposure behind the sternum, which is convenient for subsequent internal organs surgery. If the incision is crooked, you cannot readjust the surgical field after opening the incision, which will cause pain to the patient and pain to the doctor.
The important node is here, we need to cut the center line accurately.
The question is not to mention whether you can accurately feel where the midline is when you feel the sternum through the skin before surgery. If you go in and cut the skin, the previously predicted line will definitely be gone, and you need to re-determine the midline position.
After the operation, the doctor needs to clear the midline of the sternum all the way. This process of exploration is also preparation for splitting the sternum. How difficult this process is, the human bone is not just a bone, but a bone attached to it.
Muscles and other things. When repairing bones, it is necessary for the doctor to use tools by hand, like brushing away dust and wires from the metal components of a machine, to sort out and peel off these attached components before starting. The sternum is a very important part of the human body.
It is an important large bone with many muscle groups attached to it.
The surgeon reached in with his gloved hand and felt out the ribs on both sides to determine the outer edge of the sternum, and then determined two or three midpoints as the midpoint line connecting the upper and lower parts. After that, the nurse handed over a middle-curved knife.
Curved forceps are what we usually call mid-curved hemostats.
Here is the reason why cardiothoracic surgery and neurosurgery are known as the two special specialties of surgery. People have to deal with not only internal organs, but also hard objects like bones. Orthopedics does not need to deal with internal organs. Other surgical departments
It is rare to come into contact with hard objects such as bones.