Undoubtedly, this surgical incision is more precise, and non-surgical conventional incisions are used. It can be adjusted according to the patient's specific lesions, and precise positioning can be achieved depending on the individual.
The whole operation sounds wonderful, showing the wonder of modern medicine.
The family members were happy to hear this. Only the doctor himself knew that in order to achieve truly precise surgery, existing medical technology cannot be perfect. Some technical difficulties cannot be fully overcome, and roadblocks always exist.
If 3D navigation were truly 100% accurate, even crazy bosses like Cao Yong would not be envious of 3D computing brains like Junior Sister.
Specifically, the biggest problem with three-dimensional navigation is that it is not a real-time image, which is far inferior to the almost real-time contrast images of the interventional surgery introduced before.
If you want to do real-time imaging, first of all, the operating room needs to have strong hardware, such as the high-end hybrid operating room to be built in the new building of the National Association of Surgery. The operating room must be equipped with CT, so that patients can perform CT real-time imaging at any time. Again, once
CT is much more expensive than one-time radiography. It is impossible to do CT for review during surgery. So many images need to be synthesized and read for one CT scan, which also consumes operation time.
Without hardware support, all the hospital can do is work harder before surgery.
The doctor initially planned the surgical approach based on his own medical experience, pasted positioning markers on the surface of the patient's scalp, and then asked the patient to do a second head CT scan.
The secondary CT scan taken out is then input into the three-dimensional navigation system. At this time, scalp marker points will appear in the three-dimensional three-dimensional figure. The doctor uses the markers to overlap the patient's head in reality with the three-dimensional image head, forming a picture in the doctor's impression.
A more accurate reference chart for comparison operations.
In order to pursue more precision, doctors will put a head frame on the patient during adult surgery. There are various measuring sticks on the head frame that can measure the patient's head shape parameters. This operation method belongs to framed three-dimensional calibration, which is compared to the above mentioned
Frameless three-dimensional calibration is a relatively primitive scalp incision positioning method in neurosurgery.
Speaking of the current patient being a child, children are not allowed to use headrests. The headrests are too heavy, and children’s skulls are weaker than adults. They are afraid of getting into trouble if they are put on a headrest. If the doctor can avoid it, avoid it.
Even if all the previous preparations are done, I'm sorry, but there may continue to be problems with the positioning during the surgery. This is an error that often occurs when using three-dimensional navigation systems in minimally invasive neurosurgery. The academic name is image drift, and there are statistics.
Scientific data shows that the occurrence rate of this error can reach more than 60%.
The reason is that there is cerebrospinal fluid flowing in the brain. As long as the patient moves his head, the cerebrospinal fluid will flow and cause changes in the brain tissue. During the operation, the patient's head was fixed and the patient's head did not move, but the doctor had to move his head inside the tofu-like brain.
To find something, you need to push aside the brain tissue, and then the position and shape of the brain tissue will change. Who makes the brain tissue soft and easily passive?
Therefore, in order to achieve real-time accuracy in neurosurgery, unless there is real-time imaging image recording software to adjust the three-dimensional image. There are many reasons why real-time imaging recording is not possible as mentioned above, so it is impossible to adjust the three-dimensional image in real time during the operation.
The only way to break through is artificial intelligence, which relies on computers to calculate and deduce the images of brain tissue movement in real time.
