Chapter 167 The king and his ministers have clear aspirations
"The theoretical basis of Mencius's thoughts on governing the country is that human nature is inherently good. Human nature is good, but it is harmed by the outside world. Therefore, people should be 'indifferent' and 'reduced in desires', and cultivate and strengthen the kindness of people's hearts.
He proposed a brand-new well field system. Each square was divided into a 'well', and each 'well' had 900 acres of land. The middle 100 acres were public land, and the remaining 800 acres were evenly divided among eight families, with each family having 100 acres.
As private land, eight families work together to cultivate the public land and pay land rent. Only when the public land is taken care of can the private land be cultivated. In this way, people will have permanent property and will not cause trouble.
The rulers then educate them, promote their inner goodness, and restrain them with etiquette and justice.
He wants to cancel commercial tax, cancel local tax, cancel household registration tax, oppose war, oppose the reclamation of wasteland, oppose the expansion of territory, and oppose the replenishment of the treasury. He only needs the above-mentioned "ninety percent of the wild to help, and the tenth of the country to benefit oneself",
In addition, if you respect the virtuous and enable the powerful, have heroes in office, and the rulers are benevolent, then the world will be subdued."
After hearing what Lu Yan said, Ying Zheng was speechless for a moment, and after a while he said: "No wonder I haven't learned Mencius' thoughts on governing the country. This is nonsense.
The teacher said that after people's needs are satisfied, new needs will come into play. This has nothing to do with good or evil, it is just the necessity of human nature.
The people have met their survival needs, so they will need an improvement in social status, but Mencius wants to tie them to the land forever. This is in opposition to the new needs of the people."
Ying Zheng spoke for such a long time and was a little puzzled: "But I heard that Mencius put the people first, and even said that the people can kill the unruly king. This seems a bit contradictory."
"Mencius' theory of benevolent government actually saw an important fact: small farmers with private land are the cornerstone of the country. If the monarch cannot guarantee their survival, then the country will inevitably collapse. But he ignored that after the survival needs are met,
People's needs have changed, so it goes against human nature to still use the same set of etiquette and restraints."
"Well, Lord Shang's reform is to realize that small farmers are the cornerstone of the country, attack the nobility, protect small farmers, and increase tax revenue. At the same time, it provides military merit as a channel for advancement. This has greatly increased the national power of Qin."
"But at the same time, he also left behind an important hidden danger, which is the king's greatest enemy in the future.
In order to limit the number of diners that the landlords and nobles could keep in their homes, Shang Jun proposed to levy a tax based on food intake. However, those who suffered the most from the levy of oral tax were still the poor working people.
Qin law stipulates that adult men must split up their families and establish new household registrations. After the families are separated, poor families cannot afford the taxes, so they can only pledge their land to the rich families and become domestic slaves. These people who lose their land will
They became a factor of instability in the country. The Qin State often used war to consume these people, and then gave them military merit, land and houses, and started a new round.
Although Qin Fa supports the reclamation of wasteland and often expands land, so there is no need to worry about insufficient land rewards in the short term, but in the long run, how far have those landlords and nobles grown?"
"Are these landlords and nobles our great enemies?" Ying Zheng closed his eyes and raised his forehead, then opened his eyes and stared at Lu Yan: "No, I know what sir wants to say. Sir, he wants to touch the laws of my country since Lord Shang of Qin Dynasty!"
Lu Yan also looked directly at him, his face full of solemnity, "Shang Jun forged a sharp sword for Qin to conquer the world, but it is easy to break if it is too strong. Lu Yan wants to try and change it into an immortal sword."
Do you really want to touch the fundamental laws of Qin?
Ying Zheng held Lu Yan's sleeve and said, "Sir, do you really know what you are talking about?"
"The king said at that time that he wanted the world to be governed by law and enlightened by Confucianism. Didn't he see that it was the general trend for Qin to unify the world, but it could not continue to govern the world?"
Hearing Lu Yan's rhetorical question, he loosened his hand and took two steps, "In terms of military strength and national strength, it is imperative for us to unify Qin.
But after unifying the six kingdoms, is it necessary to divide the land and divide the country again, leading to another Warring States period hundreds of years later, and all living beings will forever struggle and mourn in the chaos of war?
No, since the Qin State established the county system, power was transferred to the central government, and the government orders were unified and everyone obeyed them. After the destruction of the six kingdoms, I wanted to set up counties and counties in the world and use the same system to govern them. Didn't Master Xun also say that the law of the world should be followed?
One system.”
Lu Yan gave him a butt, "But there are not enough talents to govern the counties. Then the king will have no choice but to appoint old nobles from the six countries. This is digging a hole for himself."
Ying Zheng turned around, his slender eyes searching, "Master Xun once criticized our country of Qin for not promoting education. Now, sir, you are his disciple, and half of the Confucianists support you to become a national teacher of our country of Qin. Did you expect that?
Paving the way for the future inheritance of Confucianism?"
Lu Yan sneered, "Confucian teaching and cultural cultivation are okay, but if we really let them run the country, forget it."
"Then how do you solve this problem, sir?"
“Develop productivity, reduce taxes, free farmers from the land, and have room for learning.
Reform the civil service system so that scholars have a stable channel for promotion. At the same time, establish a supervision and assessment system to ensure relative fairness."
If it were a serious world, of course it would not be feasible to do this now. However, there was great potential for the development of productivity in the world during the Qin Dynasty. The handicraft industry, foundry industry, and agriculture here were unusual.
Lu Yan believes that with people's thirst for knowledge in this era, once education is started, a number of usable talents will definitely be harvested.
Ying Zheng pondered, "This will take too long, and Qin's situation may not allow it."
Regarding Lu Yan's long-held ideal, he would never hesitate, "Didn't Zheng Guo want to delay our Qin Guodong's departure to satisfy him?
Han Fei only plays house in Korea, so what's the harm in giving him ten years? If he really makes a move, the king will just issue an edict and summon him to house arrest. Qin has no opponent in front."
Ying Zheng knew that Lu Yan was going to be a lonely minister.
Develop productive forces, establish education, and reform the civil service system. In the Qin court, there will be political enemies, whether they are old aristocrats or martial arts families.
He couldn't help but think of Duke Xiao and Lord Shang. He grabbed Lu Yan's hand and raised it between them. "Sir, you can show off your skills as much as you want. In the Qin Dynasty's court, it is only the few who have the final say. It is related to the great plans of our Qin Kingdom. No one can stop me."
Those who are gentlemen are all enemies of Ying Zheng.
Ying Zheng is willing to be a duke of filial piety, but my son, Ying Zheng, will never be that King Hui."
This last sentence made him want to cry every time he said it. Lu Yan replied: "Everything I have learned will live up to your expectations."
…
Onmyojia
Donghuang Taiyi looked at the dazzling Milky Way in the Astrology Hall, and his voice traveled through time and space.
"The star that breaks into the long river of destiny, your starlight will eventually fade away in the endless time and space. This is the sadness of being a human being.
Lu Yan, a new era started because of you, and in the end, it will be buried by your own hands."
Da Si Ming, who has been promoted to the elder of the fire, is wearing a glamorous red dress and stands respectfully outside the Milky Way.
"Lord Donghuang."
"Your target is a child named Gan Luo from the State of Qin."
"Gan Luo..."
"He is this star soul, bring him back."
"yes."
She never dared to glance upward, and immediately retreated after answering.