Chapter 145: Spreading a small family into a small family begins in Tianjin
"I appoint Bi Qing as the governor of Tianjin and concurrently as the Minister of Household Affairs. He will build Tianjin seaport, pay equal attention to shipping and canals, and implement the Tianjin Shipping Department."
"I will follow my orders with strict self-discipline."
Zhu Youxiao appointed him from the rank of Taipu Temple Minister of the third rank, one of the nine ministers, to the governor of Tianjin and the minister of household affairs. It seems that he was only promoted a little, but he still left the capital.
But the actual power is much greater.
The minister of Taipu Temple mainly raises horses, prepares royal carriages, and allocates royal chariots and horses for travel, but he does not usually take care of many affairs.
Appointed as the governor of Tianjin, he will focus on the construction of Tianjin and encourage overseas trade and maritime transportation. This is an important position that makes money and controls the local foundation.
The development of Tianjin began in the Ming Dynasty. Tianjin Wei is already famous for the capital and the Grand Canal, but the level of development is far from enough.
Tianjin seaport conditions are very good in the north.
Zhu Youxiao currently has complete control over the palace and Beijing camp troops, and is also strengthening his leadership over the main positions in the court. However, he lacks a local foundation, making it more difficult to implement policies at the grassroots level.
Bi Ziyan, the "Nation's Richest Man", is a relatively trustworthy person politically.
In addition to Fang Congzhe, Liu Ruoyu did an open investigation, Wang Tiqian and Wei Zhongxian also conducted an investigation in the capital, and determined that Bi Ziyan did not belong to the Donglin Party. Although he was from Zibo, Shandong, he was not too close to the Qi Party
Activities.
Combined with the historical knowledge that this person was well-known in the Chongzhen Dynasty, had no party disputes, and had bad behavior of surrendering to the enemy, as well as the position shown in the answer sheet, it is obviously trustworthy.
Tianjin will be the first area outside the capital controlled by Zhu Youxiao.
Bi Ziyan was the pioneer who began to implement local control and implement reforms.
He brought the topic to reform and reform.
"Bi Aiqing can try to divide the land into acres in Tianjin. After unifying the taxes under a whip law, the tax will actually be collected according to the land, and the household registration tax on the land will be cancelled.
There are a large number of canal trackers and dock porters in Tianjin. Many of them are from farmers and come to Tianjin to work. They have to pay Ding tax at home for their wages. The elimination of Ding tax can significantly reduce their burden and promote industry, commerce, transportation, and docks.
Waiting for infrastructure development."
When Bi Ziyan heard this, he felt that Tianjin was indeed a suitable place to try.
Zhou Yingqiu asked at this time: "May I ask Your Majesty and Bi Zhuangyuan, what is going on with this small family? What are the benefits?"
He wanted to advance quickly and make more contributions in front of Apocalypse, so he specifically wanted to ask more questions and learn to do more.
Bi Ziyan began to introduce.
Before Zhang Juzheng promoted the whip method, the people of the Ming Dynasty not only had land taxes and various taxes, but also had corvees, and various household registrations required people to work hard.
Some of the corvees go to the central government for a year or two at a time, and some work in the local areas for a short period of time, but it is very hard and they are not able to do their own business. And taxes are mainly collected in kind, and the transportation pressure is very high, so the basic taxes are at the local level and not at the central level.<
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As many farmers leave the land and enter cities and towns, it is difficult to enforce the original taxes and corvees. They either gradually fail to collect them, or they force people to go out to work and have to spend wages to buy things required by the tax and turn them in.
In short, the government lacks power and wastes money on the people
The One-whip Law merged taxes and levies, merging land taxes and various types of corvee and levying them together, and at the same time, allocating part of the burden of the labor service to the fields. In the past, the labor service was done according to the household and the labor force was changed to the distribution based on the number of the family and the grain of the land; the burden of taxes and labor was removed.
If the government needs to collect anything other than rice and wheat, it will be collected at a discount of two taels; farmers and households with various financial burdens can pay for the labor, and the government will hire people to undertake the labor.
In this way, farmers only need to pay silver taels when they go out to work. The corvées have also become paid laborers, and they can farm, work, and do government work without delay.
These officials present all know that since Zhang Juzheng's reform, physical land rent has gradually been replaced by silver tael taxation. The court has become rich, and many physical objects no longer need to be stored in places or transported thousands of miles to the capital.
"However, the head tax still puts great pressure on migrant workers who no longer work in agriculture. Therefore, I propose to implement a system of dividing the land into an acre and taxing the land according to the actual land, rather than the household registration head."
Bi Ziyan introduced it to everyone in a concise and comprehensive manner.
Dingyin was collected based on household registration per capita, and was generally requisitioned by local officials and not turned over to the court. Much of the income fell into the private pockets of officials. The court could only know the population situation based on household registration, and did not have access to the national Dingyin and actual land management.
statistics.
Therefore, Ding Yin is levied on head count and household registration. This means that Shaanxi’s tax is much higher than Guangdong’s, Central Plains’ tax is very high, and Jiangnan’s tax has always been low.
After all, the household registration and population are there. Officials and gentry took advantage of their privileges to hide the population, and the result fell on the poor farmers. The national household registration statistics were discontinued after Zhang Juzheng's fall.
Ding Yin has hindered the development of the Ming Dynasty. Although this has been the case since ancient times, since the late Ming Dynasty, farmers have left the land to work in cities, which is no longer the same as before.
Zhu Youxiao took over the words and said: "After the land is divided into acres, the landless farmers no longer bear the tax. Land annexation can also be initially curbed. After all, more land means more taxes. The increase in refugees caused by landowner annexation often leads to chaos in the dynasty.
This move can curb this situation."
Bi Ziyan didn't think so deeply at first, but at the end of the examination paper he had thought of it, so he had similar analytical ideas. That is, the tax reform of dividing ding into acres was implemented. Ding Yin and Tian Fu were levied based on the number of acres of land, which alleviated the problem of landlessness.
, the burden on farmers with little land. Such reforms can help ease social conflicts, release social vitality, and promote production development.
Zhou Yingqiu said: "I think that taxation based on the share of the land should be implemented nationwide. If the pilot is implemented in Tianjin, migrant workers in Hebei and Shandong who work in Tianjin will have to pay taxes in their hometowns because the tax reform has not been implemented in their hometowns."<
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"The issue raised by Zhou Yushi is a real issue, but it cannot be achieved overnight, it must be done step by step. This involves the taxation just mentioned that must be in the hands of the court." Emperor Tianqi said.
Bi Ziyan suggested: "Team farming should be tried out in Tianjin, and it should be carried out step by step, rather than issuing a one-size-fits-all order. I think that many decrees have good intentions, but because of the simple and rough method of one-size-fits-all promotion, they have become
It has become a strategy that harms the people."
This is so well said.
Zhu Youxiao secretly praised Bi Ziyan's wisdom and courage. What he just said offended people, but it hit the nail on the head.
Tianjin’s pilot project will definitely expand the allocation of land into acres step by step. If officials who are closely related to the landlords are allowed to make one-size-fits-all decisions, the tax will still be collected on the farmers in the end.
"Okay! Bi Zhuangyuan is right, it is not appropriate to be impatient at the beginning of the Tianqi Dynasty's new policy."
Next, the construction of the Tianjin Shipping Department and the pilot tax reform in Tianjin will be determined, with Bi Ziyan being mainly responsible.
In addition, Wei Zhongxian sent troops to assist, and Xu Guangqi, the right minister of the Ministry of Industry, assisted in construction and technology matters.