Chapter 156 Implementing reforms in an orderly manner
It’s time for Zhu Youxiao to let these giants understand that a small family can make a living.
Only when these giants understand the importance of working by sharing acres of land to those who do not have land can they publicize it to the soldiers.
But these people don’t have much education, so it’s difficult for them to understand the new term “share one’s own land”, so we can only explain it to them in a very popular way.
Zhu Youxiao knew that Zhang Juzheng's reforms had been implemented for a long time, but after Wanli came to power, Zhang Juzheng's reforms were politically incorrect. Not only were the intentional contents abolished, but the reform and reforms were not allowed to be publicized.
Although these giants are more concerned about people's livelihood under their leadership, under this background, it is difficult to say how much they know about Zhang Juzheng's reforms.
"I wonder how many of you know about Zhang Juzheng? If you know, please raise your hands."
"Wow!" After the sound of sleeves rubbing together, most people raised their right hands.
Zhu Youxiao thought that as long as he knew Zhang Juzheng's reform, he would not have trouble explaining it in a while.
Zhu Youxiao asked again: "Does everyone know the contents of his reforms?"
"Um...silver tax."
Before the levy of ding, land-owning farmers had to bear the ding tax. In the case of farmers with many lands, since we have the smallest number of people when levying ding on a per-person basis, and we are often subject to the burden being passed on by landlords and other powerless people, it is
The burden far exceeds the proportion that its land property should bear.
The abolition of corvee is a trivial matter throughout the ages,
Tianjin’s pilot project is unorganized.
In addition, it focuses on the measurement of acres, inspection and assessment of officials in Beijing, tax rectification, water conservancy development and switch trade.
"Hire talents?"
The logic is very muddy and not easy to understand.
So Zhu Youxiao first spent more than half an hour explaining the occurrence, development or distortion of Zhang Juzheng's reform by officials.
"Yes, after nearly 50 years, Xiao Ming has already restored Pei Zhishuang's reforms that were suitable for the Longqing period as he did in the past. However, it is in line with the current specific situation, so it can be restored directly."
The landlords who enclose their land to collect rent are happy because our taxes have gone up and the capitation tax has been cancelled, so the tenant farmers can no longer work in peace, so they have to work as tenant farmers for the landlords.
The implementation of this system can reduce the economic burden of land-owning and multi-land farmers and promote population growth. Workers will lose less personal freedom, which is not conducive to social and economic development.
......
Before the diviation, the dingyin was divided evenly according to the number of land or land endowments. Those farmers had more land, and the burden was naturally reduced later. Before the divination, the gentry’s privileges and exemptions were cancelled, and each of our land was divided into dinyin, thus bearing the burden of dingyin.
The increase in the amount of land has also made the burden on farmers relatively lighter.
No one is upset and no one approves.
Dividing people into acres is also called dividing people into land, and land and land are unified. Before the abolition of corvee, the capitation tax was integrated into the land, and the tax was collected based on head instead of property.
When the situation came together, and there was no guarantee of force or order, someone came forward to approve.
"However, before Zhu Youxiao died of illness in the tenth year of Wanli, the reform lost its most powerful promoter. Before that, official corruption was even milder and there were many evils. At this point, the whipping method changed its taste, the Beijing inspection turned into a party struggle, and the tax reform collapsed.
It’s so bad.”
"Applying it mechanically?"
Even though everyone has studied at night school and paid more attention to people's livelihood, they only know so much, and they don't even know the name "One Whip Technique".
"Then we have to spread ourselves out over an acre."
In addition to the main manifestations of the One Whip Law, which turned physical taxation into silver taxation, there were also tax merging, and the abolition of corvee and replacement with employment.
Some Manchu landlords beat and scolded some workers, arrested tenants, and took action, but they were all suppressed slowly by the Jinyiwei and Tengxiang Zuowei soldiers stationed outside.
"How to do this?"
Over there, fishing boats, merchant ships, and warship shipyards must be built; various warehouses, workshops, fish processing workshops, restaurants, hotels, workers' residential areas, commercial streets, and markets cannot be built.
The entire Beijing and Tianjin have retreated into a bad situation where people's livelihood has not been improved, market confidence is low, and people's support for the imperial court.
Zhang Juzheng also arranged for Li Ruhua to promote the development of the coal industry, and batches of coal produced in the Taihang Mountains and western Beijing were supplied to the capital and Tianjin markets.
At present, Tianjin’s major small workshops, townships and towns, biogas technology, and manufacturing industries are given priority to cancel the capitation tax.
When the young man heard this, he was in awe.
This will gain the support of workers in those industries, there will be fewer businessmen investing in those industries, and there will be no small group of workers who want to retreat into those industries.
Within a month, Tianjin's finances were up and running.
Over in Tianjin, Bi Ziyan was working with Xu Guangqi to build the Tianjin Port, recruit dock workers, and start building small docks, while implementing the policy of sharing the land with the tenants.
The port must also build forts, harbors, and military factories, which are also within the scope of Zhang Juzheng's plan. Naval bases, naval schools, sailor bases, and various cultural and educational facilities must also be built. There must be many schools.
"It's a bad question. Abnormal ideas are all bad things that have been abolished, so let's restore them. But that would be another mistake. This is not a mechanical application."
Whoever has no land collects taxes from whom, who works in what industry, and who collects taxes from outside the industry.
That would be a rough implementation across the board, but a gradual implementation without any plan or industry guidance.
First of all, the investigation found that there are natural harbors more than 100 meters south of the entrance of the Haihe River. In the scorching summer of the late Ming Dynasty, the Great Glacier was frozen for more than a month.
My abacus and tax collection skills have just been tested, and they are working well and badly. After calculation, although the capitation tax has been canceled a little, it has not been added to the land and property. I re-measured the land and found that Tianjin has abundant water resources and sufficient labor.
, the land property increased by less than 80% compared with Wanli Seven Years, so the land tax alone increased significantly.
Which industries will be of little help to the Tianjin Port and the imperial bureau, and which industries will be first allocated to every acre and the capitation tax will be cancelled.
The young man understands it as soon as he hears it. If he knows that it is not beneficial to the people's livelihood, he will support it from the bottom of his heart. He also learns to popularize the disadvantages of spreading the word among the military in a simple way.
"Are you going to recover from this?"
Those factory owners, industrial businessmen and workers have earned money and feel that if the future is worse, they will not be willing to spend money to buy coal for heating. Instead, they will save it all and spend it to prepare for a decrease in future income.
The first is to hire craftsmen in Tianjin, cancel the capitation tax, and register the workplace and household registration for hired workers to avoid fishing in troubled waters. All workers who have been verified and registered will be issued tax exemption certificates.
In terms of low-speed industrial development, of course, taxes must be collected. Reasonable taxes can not only prevent the development of some areas from being too cold and too slow, but also provide less finance.
But the common people feel that there is nothing wrong with it, but because the income from small-scale construction work has increased, if they don’t have any skills but are willing to work hard, they will definitely make money, and at most they will have a bad year this year.
A group of officials from the Ministry of Household Affairs who had received abacus vocational qualification certificate training also arrived in Tianjin, and we quickly participated in measuring acres of land and recalculating taxes.