Chapter 179 The bulk of finance lies in industry and commerce
The position of Zuodu Yushi has been vacant for a while. Now it is not that simple to let Ye Xianggao hold such an important position.
Another important reason for using Ye Xianggao is that he is smarter and more flexible, and he knows that ordinary scribes and industrial businessmen in Suzhou and other Jiangnan areas are not the same people as big landowners and big salt merchants.
He is not a stubborn person like Zhao Nanxing or Yang Lian. He is needed for promotion from Tianjin.
It’s time to push forward reforms in Jiangnan, starting with the clearing of land and the disposal of salt merchants. These two things may seem ordinary, but they involve tens of millions of taels of silver and affect the livelihoods of millions of people.
It is necessary to make a good start so that Ming Dynasty and the majority of people can benefit, while a few vested interests who hinder the change are isolated.
The real goal of Zhu Youxiao is to collect reasonable industrial and commercial taxes and guide industrial development.
Essentially, taxes are collected based on the actual land, but if the industrial and commercial tax is not done well, the money will still come from the farmers, and the upper limit is only that much.
You can’t revolve around the land forever.
In fact, the land tax is simply how to get farmers' food and money into the hands of the court for use.
When it comes to the land, everything comes from the farmers after all.
Zhu Youxiao also lamented that the tax was a bad revenue, but collecting it would indeed inhibit mergers.
Moreover, based on the differences in land, environment, and crops between the north and the south, industrial taxes are levied based on local prices.
For places farther away, prices are subject to provincial price quotas. For example, if you participate in border trade, you will have to pay customs fees.
Li Ruhua added a little bit.
As for the northwest border trade just mentioned, industrial and commercial taxes on rural land less than 100 acres are either relatively remote, or involve too little and too much, so there is no way to count their revenue one by one. Therefore, we should adjust measures to local conditions and classify them according to each province.
Grain price rebates and tax collection. Even if the yields of various types of land are the same, as long as the land exceeds 100 acres, it will be collected. In this way, the land under 100 acres can be tolerated and restricted."
Zhu Youxiao replied: "I understand."
In the early days, before Ye Xianggao became the spokesman for the landlords and had vested interests, there were many people like that. At least they were the literati like Qian Qianyi who flaunted themselves and had inner shame, and Liu Mao who was one-size-fits-all and made small layoffs.
Nerd.
"Ye Zongxian, that is a matter that the Metropolitan Procuratorate needs to be leniently supervising. Although Mr. Ye is invited to come out, the first focus is on Tianjin, but national tax supervision and prohibiting the random establishment of checkpoints to collect taxes are also important responsibilities of the Metropolitan Procuratorate.
”
At this time, it was not yet the first year of Tianqi, but it was the period when Ye Xianggao was alternating between old and new.
He said to Ye Xianggao, who was still a little confused: "For large and medium-sized landowners with a household of more than 100 acres of land, of course they cannot eat that much grain. If they produce grain, they have to farm it or sell it. If they don't produce grain, they have to plant cash crops."
To invest in the next step of processing, this is of course considered an industry."
"Yes, that's the basis for allotment of land into acres." Everyone is basically confused about the process of allotment into acres in Tianjin.
Fang Congzhe, the Donglin Party and others understood it immediately and felt that industry and commerce were taxed together. Agriculture in self-sufficiency was also a component of industry and commerce, so taxation was reasonable and reasonable.
Those small landowners and young men have no clans, nobility or civil service backgrounds. They have fewer and fewer tax exemptions, more land under the control of the court, and less and less financial expenditures. But are they going to have some trouble?
Huang Jiashan, Minister of the Ministry of War, has been in the northwest for a long time, and he has no limit to the potential of industry and commerce. He asked very understandingly: "In the past, people said that attaching importance to industry and commerce was to sacrifice the fundamentals. Although the northwest did not trade with the Mongols, if we increase taxes on commerce, trade will
It’s shrinking.”
The landowners also don't care how well I manage the land, but none of them levy heavy taxes. If the landlords definitely hoard it, they will still be taxed according to the land. The small landowners are in charge of how long they can farm it. As long as they sell it outside the city, they will still be taxed.
Taxes must be collected proportionally.
The Archives Department also plays a statistical role. Wen Tiren went to Tianjin for research, and Xiong Wencan was also taking records seriously.
Taxes in cities and surrounding areas should be paid according to actual conditions, because they can be managed and statistics are convenient.
The Donglin Party, Zhu Youxiao and Xiong Wencan know how to implement it.
Ye Xianggao is not wrong at all, but we still have to deny it. This is not because Ye Xianggao gathered some people with no ambitions in the early days. We advocate the elimination of tax barriers in various places and encourage the development of industry and commerce.
"Good!"
Workshops, shops, and ports are taxed in proportion to their revenue, and trade with more than a hundred acres of land and remote villages and towns is taxed at a fixed rate. In this way, industry and commerce will shrink because they are divided into small groups and charged the same tax, and small landlords will have to weigh their ability to enclose land.
It’s the less tax you can pay.”
"Since I have established the system of dividing land into acres, the first step is to make the measurement of the land vague and whether the population is engaged in agriculture or going out to work. Is that correct or not?"
The Donglin Party said something that was beyond ancient common sense but was very difficult to understand in previous lives.
Li Ruhua told everyone: "It is still a pilot project in Tianjin. Please ask the Ministry of Household Affairs and the Metropolitan Procuratorate to implement it together with Tianjin. The Archives Department will record the statistical data one by one.
It can definitely be done, just because we are afraid of land annexation.
"Directly increasing taxes will shrink trade. We should be able to set up fewer commercial tax gates. There will be no taxes between provinces. All these must be paid."
Of course, the old Wu Langli, who encourages industry and commerce but has no talent, is better than the new Ye Xianggao like Qian Qianyi or Liu Mao.
The descendants of Zhu Youxiao know very well that agriculture is the fundamentals and not used to make big money.
As for industrial and commercial taxation, in order to shrink trade, everything must be based on actual income.
The Donglin Party's eyes lit up. Proportional tax collection and fixed tax collection were combined. Although that method was also used above, it had never been so muddy and sorted out.
"I believe that the future fiscal budget will come from industry and commerce, mainly because industry and commerce make little money and have very little future potential."
The Donglin Party was the least impressed. After eight years in charge of the Ministry of Household Affairs, it was natural that Xiao Ming knew that more and more land could be taxed. The fundamental reason was the annexation of land by small landlords and the increase in the price of our grain crops.
The key is to do it.
Those tax checkpoints were rarely intercepted and corrupted by local officials and tax eunuchs. There was no limit to the number of people who could reach the imperial court. It also slightly damaged the development of industry and commerce in various places. Naturally, they should be banned.
According to the average amount of land when Xiaoming founded the country, one household was granted 15 acres of land. That 15 acres was self-sufficient land, which was much higher than the current industrial and commercial tax. That tax was actually levied on less than 100 acres, and on these 70 acres
It is actually an encouragement for medium and large landowners to reach 100 acres.
"In fact, the same principle applies. Industrial and commercial taxes must be collected in proportion to actual income and revenue. Those workshops and shops outside the city also need corresponding permissions, so naturally they should be collected in that way. p>
Moreover, it is very cleverly designed to charge an abnormal fee for selling grain. Even if the grain is sold, a fixed quota must be collected. In this way, small landowners will have to pay two taxes to collect grain. In this way, there will be less mergers and less grain cultivation.
Li Ruhua's thinking has always been very muddy: encourage those who are useless, beat and restrict those who are worse, but beat them to death with a stick and make themselves have a bad reputation.
Li Ruhua attached great importance to Huang Jiashan's statement that taxation would lead to a shrinking of trade, and he was very vague in his mind and then increased the harm of tax barriers between provinces and regions.