The League of Nations Covenant went through 26 revisions and was adopted at the Paris Peace Conference at the end of last month.
The League of Nations has five permanent members, namely Britain, France, the United States, Italy and Japan, and four non-permanent members, who are elected every three years.
The League of Nations includes most of the countries in the world, except Germany and Russia.
Not only that, if the Republic of China does not sign the Treaty of Versailles, then the Republic of China will also be refused to join the League of Nations. Also, Russia has not joined so far, because the civil war in Russia continues. Russia is not a unified country now, no matter it is
The Bolsheviks, the coalition government, or the South Russian armed forces, no one can represent Russia.
As far as Qin Zhiyuan knew, although Wilson was an advocate of the League of Nations, the United States did not join the League of Nations because the U.S. Congress did not approve it.
Well, Americans always do this. The Monroe Doctrine is prevalent in their Congress. Now they just want to stay in North America and have no intention of getting involved in the whole world.
In other words, Americans now do not have the ability to invade the whole world, so they are using this method to express their protest against the colonial system dominated by Britain and France.
Because even in the Treaty of Versailles, the basic principle of national autonomy, which Americans had high hopes for, was not reflected at all, and American products still had no overseas market, so Americans were very dissatisfied.
Lanfang was also invited to join the League of Nations. Considering that Britain and Japan were allies among the permanent members, France even intended to make Lanfang a permanent member to increase its support. However, this was firmly opposed by Britain and Japan, and the French could only
Just thinking about it.
Qin Zhiyuan doesn't care about this. To be honest, Qin Zhiyuan is not optimistic about this so-called League of Nations. Think about it, can the League of Nations without the four countries of Germany, Russia, the United States and the Republic of China still be considered an international one?
Before the World War, the United States and Germany had the highest gross national product in the world, while Russia was the country with the vastest territory and the largest population during the Republic of China.
Without these countries, the League of Nations would look like a joke.
Of course, although Qin Zhiyuan had doubts, there was no need to speak out.
After receiving the invitation, Qin Zhiyuan honestly sent people to Paris to prepare to witness the historic moment of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles and to sign a declaration to join the League of Nations.
Speaking of which, Qin Zhiyuan should be responsible for signing the declaration himself, but Qin Zhiyuan was not free. From the second day after returning to Lanfang, Qin Zhiyuan began to inspect non-stop, from Jinzhou Island to Wanghaizhou, and then
From Sulu Island, Zhenghe Island, Longyan Island, Papua Island and finally Penglai Island, in just half a month, Qin Zhiyuan traveled through Lanfang's territory.
This kind of fleeting inspection is very necessary. Qin Zhiyuan must conduct regular inspections to show his existence. Otherwise, there will be a big question mark on Qin Zhiyuan's sense of existence in the hearts of his own people. That is not a good sign.
.
Almost everywhere he goes, the first place Qin Zhiyuan goes to is the military camp where he is stationed. He listens to the reports from the military commanders, chats with the soldiers, listens to the voices of the soldiers, and truly solves the problems in the lives of the soldiers and their families. This is
This is Qin Zhiyuan’s main job.
At the same time, there are also factories under construction and existing national farms. The steel plant in Wanghai Prefecture and the oil field in Daqing are the top priority of the inspection. The shipyard on Sulu Island is also the focus, and it will be here in the future.
It will produce most of Lanfang's domestic civilian ships, including container freighters.
Well, regarding this container freighter, it will be the main force of Lanfang Shipping in the future. The most critical point is that many freighters only need simple modifications and will immediately become an aircraft carrier.
The aircraft carriers of the early 20th century did not have much technological content. Don’t compare them with the aircraft carriers of the 21st century. The current aircraft carriers even just added a through-deck on the top of the cargo ship to become an aircraft carrier.
The freighters built in Sulu Island will have through-decks and cranes, making it easier to modify such freighters.
Among the many projects currently under construction in Lanfang, except for the oil fields in Daqing City, they are basically privately owned by Qin Zhiyuan, such as steel plants and shipyards. These are actually Qin Zhiyuan's industries. The Lanfang government has the right to collect taxes.
But all profits belong to Qin Zhiyuan.
Huang Bohan and others had no objection to this, because in the process of obtaining these machines, the Lanfang government could hardly help. Qin Zhiyuan was responsible for all the relationships and funds.
Lanfang is a country that clearly states respect for private property in its constitution. Qin Zhiyuan's ownership of these factories has sufficient legal and substantive reasons.
It is said that when formulating the constitution, the Lanfang cabinet fully considered respect for private property and the division of state-owned property.
In Lanfang, all land is state-owned. Even Penglai Island, which has been given to Qin Zhiyuan, is technically Lanfang's land. Qin Zhiyuan has the right to use it, but does not have complete control rights.
The meaning of this so-called complete control is a bit complicated. For example, if Qin Zhiyuan finds Huang Bohan more pleasing to his eye, he can set aside a piece of land on Penglai Island and give it to Huang Bohan to build a separate courtyard. This is okay.
But Qin Zhiyuan cannot give the entire Penglai Island to France because of his French nationality. This is not okay.
In addition to the land, the various mineral deposits underground in Lanfang, as well as the various aquatic products in the corresponding sea areas and the mineral deposits on the seabed, all belong to Lanfang. Lanfang citizens can use the land after obtaining the consent of the Lanfang government.
Mineral deposits can be mined, but taxes must be paid in accordance with regulations.
The bottom line is private property. You must know that the people who drafted the constitution are capitalists. They value private property very much, so they define private property very strictly. But at the same time, once it is defined, the protection of private property is also very strict.
In Lanfang, if residents obtain permission from the government, all buildings built on the land are private property and have sacred and inviolable rights. Even government law enforcement agencies cannot break into private homes at will, unless they obtain permission from the government.
After a search warrant.
In Lanfang, where Chinese and aboriginal people live together, guns are generally not allowed. If a stranger breaks into the home, Lanfang citizens can shoot him to death on the spot without taking any legal responsibility.
Of course, all weapons, including knives, can only be kept at home for self-defense, and no one is allowed to take them out of the house, otherwise they will be severely punished by law.
In Lanfang, the criminal law and the constitution were enacted at about the same time and began to be implemented at about the same time.
Regarding the intensity of punishment, Lanfang's regulations are very detailed. From the lowest public security punishment to the highest death penalty, there are detailed regulations for each level. Moreover, Lanfang's treatment of recidivists is very strict. Even if it is theft, if it is the second crime,
, will also be punished ten times more than the first crime.
At the same time, Lanfang's characterization of criminal behavior is biased towards punishment and warning. The characterization of intentional crimes and negligent crimes is extremely strict, and the punishment methods are also very different.
For example, for intentional homicide and manslaughter, the punishment for one is execution, while the punishment for the other is imprisonment.
Another example is a car accident caused by drunk driving and an ordinary car accident. The penalty for a drunk driver is jail time, while an ordinary car accident only compensates for economic losses.
Well, if it is a drunk driver, regardless of whether he caused a car accident or not, the person involved will be forced to go to jail to serve his sentence.
When laws are formulated, everyone must know what kind of behavior is a crime and what kind of behavior is not a crime.
To this end, the Lanfang government, under the pressure of increasing government expenditures, hired thousands of legal propagandists to go around the streets to promote the law to Lanfang residents, raise people's legal awareness, and conduct popular science on some common illegal behaviors.
The effect is very obvious. Half a year since the Lanfang Constitution came into effect, only eleven criminal cases in Lanfang have triggered the death penalty, and other cases have been handled in accordance with the criminal law.
Whether they were executed or imprisoned, all criminals had no objections or appeals. This fully proves that the Constitution and criminal law are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Those who are serving time in prison should be careful. If they break the law again, the punishment will be ten times that of the first offense. For example, if the first offense is punished by one year in prison, then if it is the second offense, the punishment will be one year in jail.
No matter how much was stolen, the initial sentence was ten years.
In Lanfang, if you are imprisoned, there is no human rights protection. In other words, if you want to stay in prison in peace and contentment, you don’t have to think about it. There is no prison in Lanfang where people can serve their sentences seriously. The largest prison in Lanfang is
Mines and mining are ways for criminals to atone for their crimes.
Of course, there is no reward for this.
Qin Zhiyuan's purpose is to establish a society ruled by law. Only by fixing it in legal form and resolutely executing it can criminals be deterred to the greatest extent.
After all, the law must be enforced by people. For those law enforcement officers, Lan Fang's requirements can be said to be harsh.
All law enforcement officers must understand the legal provisions of their respective departments. Not only must they be proficient in the legal provisions, but they cannot be ignorant of everything.
At the same time, if law enforcement officers commit crimes, they should be careful. The punishment will be the same as entering the palace for the second time. In other words, the law enforcement officers' first crime will be regarded as a repeat offender and must be dealt with severely.
At the same time, Lanfang also has relevant regulations regarding the back door that is prevalent in Chinese society. If a crime is committed by taking advantage of one's position, in addition to recovering the illegal gains, the parties involved must also be held accountable. The intensity of this investigation refers to the punishment provisions for the crime of theft, because taking advantage of one's position
Crime is also theft, and they steal money from the entire society.
At the same time, it is not only the law enforcement officers or administrative staff who need to pay the price, but the other party also has to accept punishment, and the intensity of the punishment is equivalent to that of the law enforcement officers or administrative staff.
Simply put, if someone pays a bribe to a law enforcement officer, regardless of the amount of the bribe, the briber and the bribe recipient will be dealt with according to the relevant provisions of theft.
And the intensity of treatment is based on recidivism.
If there is no bribery, but taking advantage of one's position to provide convenience, then it depends on the facts of the crime. If it is a project costing 100,000 yuan, then okay, the case does not need to be tried. The money should be compensated to the government first, and then
All involved were shot.
Yes, it's that harsh.
If it doesn’t make people scared, and if the cost of crime is not high enough, is it still called the rule of law?
