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Chapter 272 Wandu Mountain, Mr. Guo Xiumen

Quanxu clasped his fists and said, "Father is right. After Wuhu Island, we are not far from Liaodong, Gao Xunli and other places."

Wuhu Island is located in the sea 250 miles northeast of Penglai. Together with the Great Xie garrison, it is the main road to conquer the Eastern Yi.

It travels from the northeastern sea of ​​Dengzhou to Daxie Island, Guixin Island, Yu Island, and then to Wuhu Island, which is 300 miles away.

Cross Wuhuhai to the north and reach Li Town, the eastern capital of Mashi Mountain, 200 miles away.

It is adjacent to the sea in the east, passing through Qingnipu, Taohuapu, Xinghuapu, Shiren River, Lutuo Bay, and Wugu River for 800 miles, then it is adjacent to the sea in the south, passing through Wumu Island, Beijiang Estuary, and Jiao Island, and reaches the north of Gaoxunli

Changkou Town...

Then pass Qinwang Stone Bridge, Matian Island, Gusi Island, Dewu Island, Qianli, and arrive at Tangenpukou of the Yalu River.

After traveling more than a hundred miles from the mouth of the Yalu River, the boat went back thirty miles to the northeast to Bo Zhuokou, where we reached the Bohai Sea. It then went back five hundred miles to Wandu County, where the capital of Gao Xunryeo is now.

The old city of Wandu Mountain was originally named "Weinayan City" and was the longest-lasting capital of the Gao Xunli regime in the Han Dynasty.

Quan Cong turned his gaze to the land fourteen miles behind him and sighed: "It's a pity that this Penglai is not that Penglai, nor is it the legendary fairyland!"

Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty built a small city called Penglai during his eastward tour, Penglai has become a place.

The name "Penglai" comes from the fairy mountain Penglai. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty built a small town on the seaside and spent his leisure time here. From then on, the place name Penglai came into being. "Yuanhe County Chronicles" records: "In the past, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty looked at Penglai Mountain from here.

, because of the construction of the city, it was named Penglai."

Quan sent: "Father can live to be eighty or ninety years old without any need for the legendary Penglai Three Sacred Mountains."

In the afternoon, the wind and waves on the ocean in Dengzhou were either strong or slow. The ocean surface was still not very calm. There were also undercurrents surging under the sea surface. There were whales moving under the water surface, and they surfaced from time to time to breathe.

The word "whale" was first seen in the small seal script of the Qin Dynasty. The basic meaning of the word "whale" refers to an aquatic mammal that grows in the ocean. It is shaped like a fish, is viviparous, has nostrils on the upper part of the head, breathes with lungs, and can be up to three meters long.

Ten meters.

In the royal palace of the Shu Han Dynasty in Chengdu, Liu Chan sat high in the palace, and Huang Hao stood on the steps in the palace and said loudly: "Your Majesty, Xuan Wang Shen, Guo Xiu, Chu Lei, and Chen Guangqin enter the palace!"

After Wang and Shen entered the palace and stood up one after another, they all performed a great salute and said: "I will pay my respects to Your Majesty."

Jishou refers to the ancient kneeling ceremony, which is the most solemn of the nine worships. It is often used by ministers to pay respects to their father. They kneel down and raise their hands to the ground, and their heads to the ground.

When saluting, the person giving the salute kneels down on the ground. The man kneels with his legs open and forms an outward figure, while the woman kneels with her legs together. Press her left hand on her right hand (palm facing inward), put her hands on the ground, and slowly lower her head to the ground.

The head must be held for a period of time when it reaches the ground, the hands are in front of the knees, and the head is nodding on the back of the hands. This is the most solemn salute among the nine bows, and is often used by ministers when they meet the king.

Later, sons worshiped their father, worshiped heaven and God, newlyweds worshiped their parents, ancestors, temples, teachers, tombs, etc., all used this ceremony.

"Zhou Li·Chun Guan·Da Zhu": The first is Jishou, the second is Pause, the third is Empty Head, and the fourth is vibration... Jia Gongyan Shu: "The first is Jishou, and its Ji is the word Jiliu; when the head reaches the ground for a long time,

This is called Jishou. These three (empty head, paused head, Jishou) are the correct bows. Jishou is the most important of the bows, and the ministers bow to the king."

In ancient times, princes would bow to the emperor and officials would bow to the princes.

However, "Book of Rites: Jiao Te Sheng" points out that "the ministers of the great ministers do not respect their heads if they do not respect their retainers, so as to avoid the emperor." In other words, because the ministers of the state do not honor their heads, it is a ceremony for ministers to pay homage to the emperor, and there cannot be two kings in a country. Therefore, retainers do not perform this ritual. This also shows that ancient times attached great importance to the ritual of observing the head.

"Zuo Zhuan" records in the 23rd year of Duke Xi's reign: "When Uncle Qin held a banquet to entertain Prince Chong'er of Jin Dynasty, the prince wrote a poem "River Water" and the prince wrote a poem "June"."

Zhao Shuai said: "Chong'er pays homage to the prince. The prince surrenders, worships, and inspects the head. The prince demotes one level and then says goodbye."

In the third year of Duke Xiang's reign: "The Duke was like the Jin Dynasty, which was also the beginning of the dynasty. In the Xia Dynasty, they allied with Changchui, and Meng Xianzi Xianggong inspected the head. Knowing Wuzi said: 'The emperor is here, but the king humiliates the head, and the few kings are afraid.'"

In the twenty-fourth year of the reign of Emperor Zheng, Bo Zheng went to Jin State with heavy gifts to ask for an attack on Chen State. Please forgive me. How dare you not punish me.'"

In the 17th year of Duke Ai, "The Duke of Qi formed an alliance with Meng, and Meng Wu became the Prime Minister. The Marquis of Qi paid homage to him, and the people of Qi were angry. Uncle Wu said: 'If you are not the Son of Heaven, I have no one to look to.'"

"Guoyu · Zhou Yu 1": "King Xiang sent Zhao Gongguo and Nei Shiguo to give Jin Huigong orders. Lu's nephew and Tai Rui showed disrespect to the Jinhou, and the Jinhou held the jade and humbled him and did not worship his head."

After the internal historian returned home, he reported: "If you hold the jade humble, you will replace Zhi; if you don't worship the head, you will falsely accuse the king. If you replace Zhi, you will have no control, and if you falsely accuse the king, you will have no people."

Therefore, "If the Jin Dynasty is not destroyed, its king will have no heirs, and Lu will inevitably have generals." These examples all illustrate how important the ceremony of looking at the head was in ancient times.

When people show great respect, they also perform the ceremony of worshiping the head of the emperor. Volume 28 of "Rizhilu", "Worship the head of the Jishou" says: "Chen's book of etiquette says: The person who inspects the head of the princes, the emperor, and the scholar-bureaucrats have the same etiquette for their kings. However, the king also has the same etiquette for his ministers. Jishou, "Shu" says that Taijia's Jishou is in Yiyin, and when the king becomes king, Jishou is in Zhou Gong. Officials also have Jishou if they are not their kings. "Yili": "The public serves the guest, and the guest pays homage to the Jishou again; Laojie, Jishou" Then bow to the head of the emperor. This is the way to bow to the one you respect, and do everything he can to show his respect. Then the ruler who bows his head to his ministers shows respect for his virtue; the great official who bows his head to those who are not his king shows respect to his master."

Regarding the specific method of saluting the head when looking at the head, Yao Nai said: "The Rites of Zhou says: When looking at the head, the right hand reaches the ground, the left hand is added to the right hand, and the head is added to the left hand. This is to bow to the head. Hold the palm of your hand to all places, and keep the head on your hand, so it is called Jishou."

The head of the person who salutes is lower than the buttocks. When people of equal status salute each other, they just touch each other with their hands and then bow. The head does not need to be lowered to the ground, so the head and buttocks are about the same height. Therefore, "Xunzi·Taoluo" " said: "When it is balanced, it is called worship, when it reaches the level, it is called Jishou, and when it reaches the ground, it is called Jishou."

The eight hundred years of Zhou Dynasty have long gone, and the Zhou rites have long since collapsed. Some of them, such as the Jishou rite, have still continued, but they are not as complicated as the previous Zhou rites.

Note that the kowtow movements in traditional Chinese etiquette are different from the kowtow movements in Buddhism. The movements of the hands are different, and of course the meanings they represent are also different. In the kowtow movements of Buddhism, the palms are pointed upward, which means to inherit the Buddhist teachings. .

Liu Chan smiled and said: "Everyone, please get up."

Liu Chan turned to Huang Hao, who was standing beside him, and said, "We can start announcing the edict."

Huang Hao then slowly unfolded the edict in his hand and said: "The edict says, Guo Xiu, Wang Chen, Chu Lei, Chen Guangqin will act with integrity and never turn back... Guo Xiu will be the general of the left, and Wang Chen will be the minister of the Shangshutai. Chu Lei and Chen Guangqin are serving as censors, so I praise them for their favor, so I commend them for their talents. I hope that you will work hard for the Han Dynasty in the future and live up to my expectations."

Wang Chen took the lead and kowtowed and said, "I thank Your Majesty for your grace, and I will certainly live up to Your Majesty's expectations!"


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