Chapter 313: Hereditary military leadership and future plans
Pan Shu complimented: "The fish in the court? Are they Prime Minister Zhu and others? Your Majesty is really good at it. I also believe that your Majesty can catch big fish. Your Majesty's move to Wei is not as good as the king of Shu."
Sun Quan sighed: "Hey, I don't want to treat those heroes so cruelly, but there is no better way. After all, our country in Jiangdong is not like Wei and Shu. Military power is in the hands of the emperor or powerful ministers. There are many soldiers in our country."
Scattered in the hands of Jiangdong’s great clans.”
The State of Wei centralized power and implemented a military garrison system, actively forming an army affiliated with the country. The State of Shu was similar. If not for this, Liu Bei would have been able to gather an army of revenge against Jiangdong in a short period of time. Zhuge Liang
The Northern Expeditionary Army, this is the benefit of complete centralization.
Wu State, on the other hand, had Sun Quan and his son as foreign powers in the Jiangnan area, so they had to seek cooperation with the local powerful families and transfer part of their power to them, which made the powerful families too powerful. Therefore, the political system of the Wu State was more similar to that of the major powerful families.
The coalition government, and the army is mostly private soldiers of various powerful families.
After Taishi Ci returned to Sun Ce, Sun Ce immediately appointed Taishi Ci as the governor of his sect, and at the same time "return Wu to grant troops".
In the third year of Jian'an, Zhou Yu returned to Wu County from his nest. Sun Ce personally greeted Zhou Yu and appointed him as Jianwu Zhonglang General. At the same time, he gave him 2,000 soldiers and 50 horses. After Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su took Zhou Yu's place and also led the army.
Zhou Yu’s troops and horses;
After Sun Quan came to power, he appointed Xu Sheng as the Sima of another department, and appointed 500 soldiers. Huang Wuzhong died, and his son Xu Kai led the army;
After Sun Jiao's death, his younger brother Sun Huan led his tribe on his behalf and led Jiangxia's prefect as Yangwu Zhonglang General;
After Sun Quan forced Lu Xun to death, his son Lu Kang was only 20 years old. Sun Quan had no choice but to appoint him as Jianwu Captain, leading Lu Xun's 5,000 soldiers;
There is a military conferment system in Jiangdong. In the system, hereditary military leadership is the same as hereditary title. Generally, the eldest son and eldest grandson inherit the military leadership. The hereditary military leadership system in which the father dies and the son succeeds, and the elder brother succeeds the younger brother, is politically and socially important.
A fixed system recognized by both countries, this is a special system that neither Wei nor Shu have.
From a time point of view, the hereditary military leadership system was implemented as early as the early days of Sun Ce's rise to power, and it continued in the Sun Quan era. Compared with the Cao Wei and Shu Han regimes at the same time, the hereditary military leadership system is very unique. In fact, it is related to the Sun family's establishment of political power in Jiangdong.
related to the process.
Sun Ce swept across Jiangdong in just a few years, relying on the support of his father Sun Jian's remnants, clan relatives, Zhou Yu and other Jiangbei nobles. This is the disadvantage of taking too much advantage.
Sun Ce's earliest troops were Sun Jian's tribe who escaped from Yuan Shu, so this may be a kind of inheritance. At the same time, this army leading system can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of generals and strengthen their own strength.
However, one thing needs to be explained: the number of soldiers awarded does not represent the full number of soldiers, but the upper limit of the number of soldiers recruited.
In other words, the so-called "two thousand soldiers and fifty cavalry" refers to the upper limit for self-recruitment of troops, not the actual number of people granted. The number of soldiers granted is only a limit for generals to recruit troops.
The hereditary military leadership system was originally a temporary measure. Sun Ce used this system to win over the exiled gentry in the north of the Yangtze River to conquer the country for himself, and Sun Quan used this system to win over the local gentry in the east of the Yangtze River.
Although Sun Quan took many restrictive measures, the powerful families grew stronger and stronger, and they had more and more soldiers.
The biggest disadvantage of the hereditary military leadership system is that it led the Soochow regime to engage in foreign wars but not internal wars.
In the Battle of Chibi, the Battle of Yiling, and the Battle of Shiting, although Soochow Wu won all of them, Wu was always on the defensive side.
On the other hand, looking at the battles in which Wu State took the initiative to attack, such as the Battle of Hefei and many other battles, Wu State fought ugly, and it would be considered a victory if it was not a disastrous defeat.
Almost all the generals of Soochow have records of conquering Shanyue, and they often achieved great victories.
In fact, this is easy to understand. Since the soldiers are your own, who wants to waste his own soldiers in vain? The local protector will have no reservations. As for external expansion, there is no benefit. Naturally, the work will not be used. Attacking mountains and rivers can expand the source of soldiers and increase wealth. Everyone
Why not do it?
The honorable ministers of Jiangdong, after they had made meritorious service in the conquest of Shanyue, might receive as many as several counties.
Their private soldiers were fought by fathers, sons and brothers, forming a hereditary military leadership system unique to the Wu family. (For example, Lu Meng got his army from his brother-in-law Deng Dang)
General military commanders who have achieved military exploits can also receive rewards for increasing their troops and granting land to farmers. Sun Quan once gave Lü Meng the men and horses that Lü Meng captured in Wancheng, and also gave him 600 households of farmers in Xunyang and 30 officials.
people.
After Lu Meng's death, Sun Quan granted another 300 tomb guardians and allowed Lu's 50 hectares of land not to pay rent. This population division can explain why Sun Wu's land is so vast, but the household registration is only more than 520,000 households, 230
With a population of ten thousand, because Sun Quan was helplessly generous,
If this conquest of the three lands is successful, Sun Quan will also share some of the profits with them so that they can continue to work for him. But even if Sun Quan is stingy and does not give it to them, they will find ways to steal it themselves.
,
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the Gu and Lu tribes of Wu County were already "highest in the world".
In the early years of Sun Wu, there were many descendants of the Sun family and Wu commanderies with the four surnames Zhu, Zhang, Gu and Lu, who were important pillars of Sun Wu's regime.
Among the bureaucrats in the dynasty, the Lu family had "two prime ministers, five princes, and more than ten generals" before and after the Lu family. The four surnames have long controlled the politics of Wu, forming a unique family style of each surname, and gained the so-called "Zhang Wen, Zhu Wu, Lu" in Jiangnan.
The reputation of "loyal and considerate".
The political privileges of Jiangdong's big families ensured that they would plunder land and further expand their economic power. The Gu and Lu families established many settlements, served officers and soldiers, and fled. Even now, Sun Quan has made most of the governors, and will also make them governors.
The power was divided into several parts, but it still had little effect!
Pan Shu continued to comfort her: "Your Majesty, as long as your body recovers, given time, you will be able to take back what the Jiangdong clan has taken."
Sun Quan replied: "I hope I can still have enough time. By next year, I want to make you the queen. After all, the courtiers have been admonishing you for a long time.
It is said that both Wei and Shu have queens, and the queen position in our country has always been vacant. It is very unethical. I have thought about it again and again. I will listen to the ministers on this matter."
Pan Shu hurriedly released her arms around Sun Quan, knelt down and saluted, "I would like to thank your majesty for your kindness."
Sun Quan had been emperor for twenty years and had never established a queen. During this period, several ladies were proposed as candidates for the queen, but in the end no action was taken. Now he really wants to establish a queen, but he is about to fail.