Jian Jia said softly: "When I was very young, I heard that Liangzhou is rich in grapes and wine. Unfortunately, Liangzhou is far away and wars are frequent, so I never had the chance to visit it. If my husband can take me with me in the future,
Come and have a look, it will be great."
Liangzhou has a very long history of winemaking. Starting from the first year of Yuanguang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian on two missions to the Western Regions, opening up the Silk Road. Grapes, alfalfa, pomegranates, walnuts, peas and other crops from the Western Regions were introduced to the Central Plains through the Hexi Corridor.
In the second year of Taichu (103 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent General Li Guangli of the Second Division to attack the Dawan Kingdom, and introduced grape varieties, planting technology and wine-making technology to Liangzhou.
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liangzhou grapes were already well-known. Meng Tuo of Fufeng left a liter of wine to Zhang Rang, who was the governor of Liangzhou. This is the earliest record of wine in my country.
By now, Liangzhou wine has become famous throughout the country and has been paid tribute to the imperial court. Emperor Wen Cao Pi wrote the "Liangzhou Grape Edict" after tasting Liangzhou wine.
Bai Lingjun thought for a while and said: "If my husband can pacify Shu within a few years, the day when I go to Liangzhou will not be too far away.
After all, those Qiang people are still very afraid of powerful armies, and if the world is unified, Liangzhou will be more stable."
Cao Shuang nodded and said: "Lingjun is right. The restless Hu people in Liangzhou are still very afraid of powerful force, but force alone cannot completely solve the problem in Liangzhou. After all, since the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty has
Our troops have set foot in Liangzhou countless times."
As Cao Shuang said, Liangzhou has been in chaos for a long time, and it has not completely calmed down until now...
In the spring of the second year of Zhongping, the rebels numbered tens of thousands and marched into Chang'an, the old capital of the Han Dynasty.
The imperial court appointed Huangfu Song, a famous general who conquered the Yellow Turbans, as the Zuo Chaoqi General to defend Chang'an. However, Huangfu Song failed to achieve success in the early stage and was slandered by eunuchs. He was dismissed in July after four months in office.
The continuous rebellion in Liangzhou caused great losses to the treasury, and the court had to impose taxes and recruit labor to fight. Situ Cui Lie suggested that Liangzhou be abandoned.
Yilang Fu Xie delivered an exciting speech, condemning Cui Lie and emphasizing the importance of Liangzhou's location on the front line: "The disharmony among Liangzhou officials caused the entire Liangzhou to fall into the hands of the rebels. As prime minister, Cui Lie
I don't want to think about ways to pacify the country, but I want to cede a land of thousands of miles. I feel confused.
If the barbarians from Zuojun are allowed to occupy this place, become more powerful and cause chaos, this will be the greatest concern in the world and a deep sorrow for the country. If Cui Lie does not know this, he is too stupid; if he knows it and still says so, it is
Unfaithful."
Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was moved by Fu Xie's rhetoric and he rejected Cui Lie's suggestion. Fu Xie was appointed as the prefect of Hanyang and sent to the front line.
In August, Sikong Zhang Wen was appointed as Chariot and Cavalry General to replace Huangfu Song.
The new Polu General Dong Zhuo and the Dangou General Zhou Shen all served under him.
Zhang Wen's army of more than 100,000 troops marched to Meiyang to camp.
Bian Zhang and Han Sui also led their troops to Meiyang to fight. The outcome was still undecided, and Zhang Wen was unable to gain an advantage for a time.
In November, a meteor crashed into the rebel camp, shaking the morale of the rebels.
Dong Zhuo took the opportunity to make a surprise attack and defeated the rebels, forcing Bian and Han to retreat westward into Yuzhong of Jincheng County (near present-day Lanzhou).
After the victory in this battle, Zhang Wen's army divided into two groups to pursue the rebels: Zhou Shen led an army of 30,000 to attack Yuzhong, and Dong Zhuo led an army of 30,000 to pursue Yi Conghu in Huangzhong.
But both Zhou and Dong were defeated.
Zhou Shen ignored the advice of his general Sun Jian to cut off the enemy's food routes. As a result, his own food routes were cut off by the enemy and he had to retreat hastily. Dong Zhuo was surrounded by the Qiang at Wangyuan and ran out of food.
Dong Zhuo built a dam on the river to resemble a fisherman, but secretly led his army across the river and escaped.
When the Qiang people wanted to pursue, the river blocked by the dike was too deep to cross. Among the generals, only Dong Zhuo returned with his entire army during this attack.
Although the Battle of Meiyang prevented the rebels from advancing towards the heart of the Han Dynasty, the rebels still maintained power in the upper reaches of the Yellow River due to the failure of the Han army's attack.
The upper reaches of the Weihe River Valley became an area of ​​contention between the two sides.
Local forces tried to restore the central power (186-187). Around the winter of 186, the rebel leader Bian Zhang died of illness, and Beigong Boyu and Li Wenhou died of internal strife.
Geng Bi, the new governor of Liangzhou, believed that he could profit from this and tried to reestablish Han court rule in Liangzhou without the aid of large armies from other regions.
Fu Xie tried to dissuade him, saying that the people were not used to Geng Bi as an officer, and the army did not have time to build up morale, but Geng Bi still did his own thing.
In the fourth year of Zhongping, Geng Bi gathered troops from six counties to attack Longxi County in western Xinjiang.
Previously, because Li Xiangru, the governor of Longxi County, defected, Longxi County was occupied by Han Sui's army.
But Geng Bi appointed the corrupt official Cheng Qiu to rule the country, which chilled the gentry and the people.
In April, when the army moved to Longxi County to govern Didao, Geng Bi's army mutinied. Cheng Qiu and Geng Bi were killed. The Didao people led by the Kingdom of Didao joined the rebels and surrounded Longxi.
Later, the relationship between Han Sui and Ma Teng was tense: they sometimes made alliances and sometimes exchanged fire.
In the fourteenth year of Jian'an, Ma Teng was forced to flee by Han Sui and turned to Cao Cao, who controlled the Central Plains and the imperial court.
At that time, Cao Cao was interested in moving to the northwest, so he invited Ma Teng to his base camp in Yecheng, effectively taking him as a hostage.
Two years later, Ma Teng's son Ma Chao rebelled against Cao Cao, and Ma Teng's family was executed in Yecheng.
In the spring of the 16th year of Jian'an, Cao Cao sent former military advisor Zhong Yao to Wei Valley to attack Zhang Lu's separatist regime in Hanzhong.
This invasion stimulated Han Sui, Ma Chao and other northwest warlords, who formed an alliance to fight against Cao Cao.
The allied forces resisted Cao Cao's army under the personal command of Cao Cao in the Battle of Tongguan.
Cao Cao used skilled tactics to slowly march to the rear of the coalition forces, and defeated the coalition forces in a decisive battle in the autumn of the same year.
The defeat of Tongguan marked the beginning of the end of autonomy in the northwest region.
After this battle, Cao Cao returned to the east, leaving Xia Houyuan, the army guard in the west, to be responsible for the follow-up work, and Zhang Ji was responsible for rebuilding the local government.
After Cao Cao left, Ma Chao captured Jicheng and tried to plan a resistance and establish an alliance with the Di people. However, in the 18th year of Jian'an, he was expelled by Xiahou Yuan's army and internal rebels.
Ma Chao went south to Zhang Lu, and then to Liu Bei in Shu, where he died in the second year of Huang Chu and never returned to the north.
In the 19th year of Jian'an, Xia Houyuan defeated Han Sui's resistance army at Changlishui, and then succeeded in the expedition against the Di people and Song Jian.
After Song Jian's death, his capital was conquered, and all his officials were killed by Xia Houyuan.
The following year, Han Sui died, and his remaining troops gave his head to Cao Cao as a sign of submission. Therefore, the military group derived from the Liangzhou Rebellion about thirty years ago was finally eliminated.
In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao passed away. His son Cao Pi forced Emperor Xian to abdicate and established the Cao Wei Dynasty to replace the Han Dynasty. During his reign, the northwest counties were re-established, and only a few local rebellions broke out in the northwest region.
In the third year of Huangchu, trade with Central Asia, which had been suspended due to a series of wars in Liangzhou, was officially reestablished.
Despite this achievement, the Central Plains' control over the northwest was weaker than that of the Han Dynasty before the Liangzhou Rebellion.
Compared with the Han Dynasty, Cao Wei's northwest territory shrank a lot, and only took back some small cities such as Wuhan County. In fact, the Wei State looked down upon such a small city, just because Song Jian founded the country here.
Make yourself emperor,
The population of the Central Plains in this area shrank and was eventually subdued by the Qiang and Di people in the mountains to the south. For a long time after the Liangzhou Rebellion,
The Qiang, Di and other nomadic groups in Liangzhou and further north are constantly expanding, causing Wei to continue to be invaded by some counties in Liangzhou...