Chapter 455: Can’t stay out of the situation, the crime of exceeding the limit
Since everyone mentioned wine during lunch, they had to take out some osmanthus, sugar cane, and wine from the wine cellar to drink. After all, at Cao Shuang's position, there would be no shortage of these.
Bai Lingyun thought for a while and said: "Husband, even if you don't tell us, since I entered this door, I have been inseparable from these things. I will be both prosperous and deprived, and I can't stay out of it at all.
If the husband fails, any crime that exceeds the limit will be placed on the husband, and the concubine will probably have no good end. I ask these questions because I care about the husband."
Cao Shuang drank a glass of sugarcane wine that was sweet and fragrant. He deliberately changed the subject and said, "It's really good wine, but it probably doesn't taste as good as the wine made by the ladies."
After lunch, Jian Jia, Bai Lingjun, and Sun Luban were clearing away the dishes together. Cao Shuang sat at the table on one side, drinking the freshly brewed tea. He felt that the scene was very warm and homely.
In fact, it is not yet the worst time for the mansions and houses. The more prosperous and prosperous the times are, when the imperial power is declining, the more such things will happen. It is far from the prosperous times, it is just a small recovery after the great decline in troubled times.
In the Tang Dynasty, the problem of oversized residences was particularly serious. The private residence system in the Tang Dynasty originally had regulations, but they were not necessarily strictly enforced due to official documents. At that time, the trend of building private residences for dignitaries and nobles was prevalent.
Especially after the last years of Tianbao, local power expanded, and some local vassal forces even carried out large-scale construction projects in the capital, exceeding the regulations without planning, and were ridiculed as "wood demons" by the people of the time:
He has been in charge of the frontier army for a long time and has been harassed by the Western Tibetan bandits. The country relies on Pinghan.
He gives gifts before and after without calculation, he accumulates family wealth, and he does not know how to discipline himself.
Setting up a house in the capital is especially grand and luxurious. In Tianbao, the noble family of Qixun has become extravagant, but the system still exists in the walled house.
However, the temple of Wei Gong Li Jing's family has become the stable of Yang's favorite minister. After the Anshi Rebellion, the law was late, the internal ministers were Rongshuai, the affairs were extravagant, the pavilions and pavilions were poor, and the power was exhausted. At that time, it was called "Wood Demon"
.
The number of residences in the capital exceeds the standard, especially for the prime minister Yuan Zai, the military general Ma Lin, and the eunuch Liu Zhongyi and other dignitaries in the court. Yuan Zai "opened two buildings in the north and south of the city, and built pavilions, curtains and other utensils in the suburbs.
All are like accommodation.
"There are dozens of villas in the south of the city." Ma Lin's residence was located in Changxingfang in the south of the imperial city. "It cost a lot of money to raise skilled craftsmen from all over the world to build it, and the house was magnificent and unparalleled at that time."
In Ma Lin's house, the construction of the central hall alone cost "two hundred thousand yuan, and the other houses were not much lowered." During his funeral, hundreds of people from the capital, pretending to be his old officials, rushed to his house.
To express condolences, in fact, I just want to see the luxurious and grand appearance of his mansion:
Dezong stayed in the East Palace and heard about the incident. After Jian Zuo, he implemented the rules and regulations, and was reluctant to exceed the regulations. He still ordered the destruction of Ma Lin's middle hall and the rank of internal official Liu Zhongyi.
There are more mountains and pools than Lin.
Renshen destroyed Yuan Zai, Ma Lin, and Liu Zhongyi's rank, because of their brilliance and extravagance, they exceeded the system.
Of course, the problem of excessive control of residences and houses in the Tang Dynasty did not only occur in the homes of officials and relatives of the emperor.
Those who are guilty of arrogance.
Princess Changning, the daughter of Zhongzong, lived in Xijing. She "bent the main road on the left and the capital on the right. She built a three-story building for viewing and built mountains and dredged ponds."
Princess Anle "competed with her to build a house that was luxurious and beautiful, and planned it in the palace, and made it exquisite...the Dingkun Pond was built, stretching for several miles, with piles of stones like Huashan, and water diversion like Tianjin."
The problem of construction exceeding the prescribed regulations has occurred in all dynasties, and some of them have even become a means of political struggle. For example, in early January, Sima Yi's memorial to impeach Cao Shuang included the issue of construction exceeding the prescribed regulations.
If Sima Yi wins, these over-control issues will become a serious crime that will kill him. This is true for any loser. As long as he fails, even if he has nothing, he will become something.
In the face of the transgressions of the strict hierarchical system in feudal countries that occurred in the past dynasties, rulers of all dynasties must formulate regulations and legal provisions to limit and restrict behaviors that exceed the rules.
Very few of the provisions on criminal offenses in the Zhou Dynasty's legal system have been preserved to this day.
"Shang Shu Da Zhuan" states: "Those who disturb the emperor's order, revolutionize the public service system, commit treachery, steal, attack and hurt others will be punished with harsh punishments; those who do things outside of the actual situation, go in and out without moral principles, and recite unknown words, will be punished with harsh punishments;...
..." This is probably the most complete remaining legal article in the criminal law of the Zhou Dynasty. It may be the provision against criminal crimes such as banditry and violation of laws at that time.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, feudal countries implemented policies and related specific systems that prohibited extravagant luxury to a certain extent.
For example, the "Qin Code Chuan Food Code" stipulates different standards for the meals provided by the government when officials of different levels are on business trips; another example is the detailed stipulations on "the health care of officials and people, funeral arrangements, marriages, slaves, fields and houses, and the quality of equipment", which proposes some
Restrictive standards.
If the level of any aspect of an official's life exceeds the regulations of the system, he will be severely punished.
During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there was a "closed city gate search" to investigate and deal with those who "exceeded the law and were extravagant". During the Emperor Zhang of the Han Dynasty, he issued an edict to "first the capital and then the Xia" to investigate and punish those who violated the prohibition of extravagance.
The crime system of the Han Dynasty contained important provisions for transgression and tyranny.
In order to prevent the princes from becoming powerful and threatening the centralization of power, Han law established a series of crimes to punish the princes and their associates who violated the law, including transgression, overstepping the rules, and other crimes.
Trespassing and overstepping the rules are all intended to control the princes within the scope of the "ritual system". The princes' unauthorized imitation of the emperor's clothes, chariots and horses, palaces, rituals and music, etc. are all overstepping the rules and overstepping the rules.
Of course, the crimes of exceeding the rules and violating the rules can also be applied to all officials except princes. In addition, among the criminal charges regarding official corruption, dereliction of duty and violating the rules, there are also crimes of exceeding the rules, exceeding the rules, and being disrespectful.
Transgression, transgression, disrespect, etc. refer to disrespectful behaviors such as officials or nobles violating the etiquette system, using clothes, carriages, palaces, etc. beyond the standards, as well as being disrespectful in words and deeds. Violations of these crimes will naturally be severely punished.
In addition, in the process of ancient legal regulation, supervisory agencies often played an important role.
For example, in response to the problem of local over-regulation, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established the governor system and issued an edict granting the governor six supervisory powers to strengthen supervision of local officials.
The governor was an official stationed by the central government in the Han Dynasty. According to the so-called "Han law, the governor inspected two thousand stones according to six rules and reported the matter at the end of the year." The Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty also had similar regulations regarding the governor:
There is one person for each prefecture... The Zhou Dynasty changed the name to Dian, and the Qin Dynasty called it the censor. They also sent the prime ministers to assassinate each state, which was called the governor. The assassination was written as a speech, but it was also referred to as a reference. Writing a book was also called a governor.
....... The governor's class issued six edicts, one of which said: "Strengthen the clan and the right, use the land and houses to exceed the control, use the strong to overwhelm the weak, and use the masses to oppress the few..."