Zhu Ruofeng, the Crown Prince’s minister, would like to write: In order to reform and strengthen, we seek long-term peace and stability.
I heard that the governance of the world is due to causes and revolutions, and it is just a matter of time and timing. If there is no one way to govern, the country does not need to follow the ancients. Mr. Sushui is conservative, and he also said: 'Orthodox does not always need to follow one another'. The system is the harp, and the human power is the
The zither, the harp and the harp are not in tune, and if you don't understand it, you can play it more, and you can't play the drum. I have the desire to govern the world, and my father has the ambition to do it, so he issued the "Edict to Mingdongguo" to make every effort to govern and stabilize the world. I don't want to be foolish.
I have been thinking about it day and night, and I have decided on what is appropriate at this time, and I have compiled thirteen things. I will make a request for the money, and prepare it for the Holy Spirit to make a choice. I will pray for the Holy Mercy to see it, and I will give it to you. The plan is:
1. Assessment method
I heard that the reason why the master controls his ministers is to use sacrifice to reward and punish. The right to reward and punish with sacrifice is to comprehensively check the reputation. I hope that my father will be careful about famous objects, cherish the titles and rewards, appoint people to the end, and be sure to be worthy of the appointment.
If you have done something good for the country, you will not be grudged by the prince; if you have done nothing for the country, you will not be grudged.
He ordered the Ministry of Civil Affairs to strictly teach the officials, review their names and merits, and change the three-six-year exams for the imperial palace and foreign officials to one exam a year. At the beginning of the year, officials from all the yamen in the capital and other provinces were invited to draw up a plan; at the beginning of the next year, the assessment was over-qualified.
Those who are excellent, those who meet the standards are qualified, and those who fail to meet the standards are incompetent. They must be clearly stated and considered to be the best in the palace. Rewards and penalties should be advanced and retreated based on merit. Don't be dazzled by reputation, don't be limited by qualifications, don't shake it to destroy reputation, don't
Mix it with love and hate, don't summarize his life with one incident, and don't cover up his major details with a single glance. The key to reform is to govern by officials and pray for the Holy See.
2. New Changping Method
I heard that if you plow for three years, you will have food for one year; if you plow for nine years, you will have food for three years. After thirty years of plowing, there will be severe droughts and floods, and the people will have no food. Then the emperor will eat and enjoy the day.<
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In ancient times, the normal method was used to sell at a reduced market price when the quantity was high, and to buy at a low price when the quantity was low. When there was abundance, it was expensive to take, and when there was hunger, it was cheap. This was to protect farmers and consolidate the country's foundation. In the Song Dynasty, it was changed to the green crop method, which used stored grain as the capital.
, lending money to farmers and craftsmen at low interest rates, suppressing high-interest exploitation by wealthy gentry, and "the people do not add taxes, but the country uses enough."
Both of these methods have advantages and disadvantages. My father ordered the Ming Dynasty Bank to lend money to farmers and workers, which actually combines the strengths of both methods and avoids their shortcomings. However, banks need to have mortgages to lend money, and poor households with small assets cannot enjoy the benefits. I think
You can allow poor households to ask rich households for guarantees for loans; if you meet honest and trustworthy poor households, you can also lend without guarantees.
In my dynasty, all land tax was changed to levy and discount. Although it saved the cost of transportation and storage and avoided the disadvantages of erosion and distribution, silver was expensive and grain was cheap. Farmers exchanged grain for silver, which was inevitably exploited by wealthy merchants. I thought that 30% of the land tax could be levied in kind.
Store it in the warehouse in case of emergencies; the remaining 70% will be collected in cash, so that there is no problem of silver being expensive and grain being cheap. Fuqi Shengcai.
3. Money Law
Scarcity is the most valuable thing, and goods in circulation are more valuable than others. Our dynasty has more copper but less silver, and more taxes are collected on silver. If this continues, money will be tight, consumption will be poor, and the high value of silver will harm the people. I thought that more copper coins and treasure banknotes could be made to replace silver. It is better to collect taxes mainly with copper coins, supplemented by treasure banknotes. Gold and silver are valuable things that are not suitable for tax payment. During the reign of Emperor Taizu, treasure banknotes were made, but it was a pity that they were exchanged in one way.
Damage to credit will result in failure. You can print a certain amount of treasure banknotes and let the Ming Dynasty banks freely exchange the treasure banknotes and gold, silver and copper coins. Taxes can be collected, and the salaries of officials and soldiers can also be mixed with treasure banknotes. If this is the case, credibility will be established.
I thought that the prevalence of money was the way to enrich the people, so I begged the Holy See.
4. Budget Law
I heard that when you control the state, you must collect all the grain at the end of the year, and then control the state and make ends meet. The key to revenue and expenditure lies in balance; the first skill of balance is budgeting. Please order all ministries and budgets at the beginning of the year.
The budget expenditures of the provinces, prefectures and counties will be reviewed at the beginning of the next year. Those who save will be praised, and those who overspend will be punished. Beg for the Holy Judgment.
Five, Xinli A Law
I heard a folk proverb: "The imperial power does not go to the countryside." In the ancestral system of our dynasty, one hundred and ten households were considered to be one li, and the ten households with the most grain were considered to be the longest. The remaining 100 households were called Jia, and each Jia had ten people.
There is one elder, one person at the head of Jia, and the affairs of Dong, Li, and Jia are ordered by the amount of grain. Every ten years, one week is called the year. In the city, it is called Fang, near the city is called Xiang, and in the township, it is called Li. Li is organized into li.
There is always a picture at the beginning of the album. For those who are widowed and lonely and not serving in the army, it will be abnormal after being attached to the inside.
The chief of Lijia Xiangfang is not an official and does not receive a salary. It is difficult to push the imperial decree to the countryside! I thought that I could change the chief of Lijia Xiangfang to an official and give him a salary to carry out the emperor's order. Fu Qi Sheng
Cut.
6. Postal transmission method
In the past, our ancestors set up a post station, one of which was to convey military information and issue political orders to all directions; the other was to restrain the idle people so that they would not dare to do anything wrong, which was originally a wonderful function. Later officials did not enforce the rule, and the post delivery matter actually caused harm to the people. My father strictly prohibited the use of post stations.
The apportionment is spread to reduce the burden on the people; officials and others are asked to pay to stay; and the personnel are allowed to rent the houses and courtyards of the post stations, operate them externally, and are responsible for their own profits and losses. This is a truly good government! However, although the fees for the post stations have been reduced, the expenses are still huge. And among the people
The Civil Information Bureau made a profit from delivering letters and parcels.
He thought that he could assign house numbers to the houses in every prefecture, county, and township. In addition to ordering each water horse post to deliver military information, he also set up another team of people to deliver civilian information packages according to the house number and collected fees to increase income. The profit and loss of the post was first reported.
In the horse administration, if horses are abundant and cheap, there will be a surplus. Folks can be encouraged to raise horses, and more horse farms should be built across the country to reduce horse prices, which will benefit Yi Chuan and Fuqi Shengcai.
7. Salt and iron tea method
The son heard about the sufferings of the people and the importance of enlightenment. The salt-iron-tea administration was related to people's livelihood and had far-reaching influence. Although the salt-iron-tea official business could raise money and supplement the state's needs, it was suspected of competing with the people for profit. The emperor used it,
It was originally for war. Now that the war has been extinguished and the world is at peace, it is appropriate to let go of salt, iron and tea to benefit the people's livelihood. The people's livelihood is the foundation of the country. If the foundation is strong, the country will be peaceful. I pray for the Holy See.
8. Mining method
I heard that the wealth generated by heaven is used by the people. Things in mines are prone to corruption, and mining is very expensive. Except for gold, silver, copper and other mines that are related to money politics, why not allow private development and collect taxes on other mines?
?Firstly, it can save huge amounts of money in mining and avoid the harm of corruption; secondly, it can promote production and increase tax revenue. Fuqi Shengcai.
9. Share Law
His father always attached great importance to industry and commerce, and the "Ming Dingguo Shi Zhao" repeatedly encouraged the establishment of factories and business strategies. Since its implementation, it has achieved remarkable results, with factories everywhere and merchants prospering. In recent years, industrial and commercial taxes have exceeded land taxes.
However, the requirements for starting a business are very large. I think we can encourage multiple parties to invest in shares, agree on the share in a document, and jointly bear the profits and losses. We can also set up an official market, where quasi-businessmen can sell and sell shares publicly, and levy taxes based on the transaction amount to enrich the state.
The world's wealth is used to develop industry and commerce, which is the way to enrich the people. Begging for help.
10. Traffic Law
The plank roads, bridges and ports connect the east, west, north and south. Since ancient times, the cost has been huge. It has not been as much as the construction of roads, bridges and harbors. It costs ten thousand taels, one hundred thousand taels, one million taels. It is an ordinary thing! Riding on a red dust concubine laughs, it is expensive.
!But because of their high price, many plank roads, bridges and ports in various places are old and dilapidated. If they are all maintained by the government, it will be difficult to do the job.
I thought it could be built by raising funds from the private sector and being paid with thirty-year property rights. If the private sector is willing to pave roads, build bridges, and build a harbor, they will be allowed to charge for thirty years. The charging standards will be set by the government. After thirty years, they will be nationalized. There are also
"Road guide" is a thing that is extremely inconvenient for traffic. It is better to cancel it to facilitate the movement of people. I pray for the Holy See.
11. Abolition of Slavery
The way to make the country rich and powerful lies first in industry and commerce. My father, in order to save wealth and the people, encouraged industry and commerce, and the prosperity can be seen everywhere. However, if the wealthy and aristocratic families control the population, if things go on like this, where will the workers come from? I thought,
Laws can be promulgated to stipulate that those who have been slaves will have their slave status revoked after three generations. They will beg for the Holy Order.
12. National Defense Law
Above the husband's temple, those who drew pictures day and night should not be in a hurry to defend the border. The father worked hard, corrected martial arts, and strictly ordered the border ministers. The people were excited. For a while, they supervised the generals and other officials, and they were quite popular. Now the defense seems to be ready.
That's it. However, the country must not forget the war, otherwise it will be in danger. I thought that the post of the guard could be relegated to the inner wing. Each inner wing has one person for each hundred households, and they can practice military affairs in their free time to prepare for emergencies.
.Fuqi Shengcai.
Thirteen, Bank Law
I heard that money is indispensable for the circulation of goods; money is the first thing to be found in banks. Although the Ming Dynasty banks are large in size, the scale of private banks is insufficient. I thought that the Ministry of Household Affairs could set up a commissioner to take charge, and encouraged the private sector to build more banks and supervise all
Banks lend money to each other to prepare for emergencies. Beg for help.
