Later generations divided Chinese literature during the Anti-Japanese War into three types: literature from Kuomintang-controlled areas, literature from liberated areas and literature from occupied areas.
Literature in occupied areas is non-political and specializes in popular, emotional literature and essays. Representative figures include Zhang Ailing, Qin Shojuan, Zhou Zuoren, Hu Lancheng, Mei Niang, etc. From a purely literary perspective, Zhang Ailing, Zhou Zuoren and Hu Lancheng
Both of their works are of very high value. Unfortunately, the latter two are both cultural traitors, and Zhang Ailing is also too close to a traitor.
The literature in the Kuomintang-controlled areas and the liberated areas is just the opposite. Whether it is poetry, drama, prose, commentary, essays... all kinds of themes are mainly about the Anti-Japanese War. Even if it does not directly involve the Anti-Japanese War, it will still express a kind of love for hometown and motherland.
, or a profound practical issue.
Especially the literature of Kuomintang-controlled areas, in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, it was mostly about generous shouting and passionate salvation. In the middle and later stages, it became more realistic in describing war scenes, describing homeless life, reflecting social ills, or lamenting and mocking oneself, enjoying hardships.
It seems that there are really no great writers who wrote fairy tales during the Anti-Japanese War. Even Zhang Henshui rewrote the Anti-Japanese War. Then Liang Shiqiu came out to pour cold water on it, saying that literary creation does not have to be linked to the Anti-Japanese War. As a result, he was sprayed bloody by literati from various schools.
head condition.
As soon as "The Little Prince" was published, it immediately aroused huge controversy. Judging from the reactions, there are mainly four types:
The first is that due to Zhou Hexuan's affection, status, and Zhou Hexuan's contribution, many people choose to remain silent.
The second one, from a purely literary perspective, analyzes and praises the artistic achievements of "The Little Prince" and believes that it is a work that celebrates friendship and love.
The third type is sarcastic criticism.
The first person to stand up and accuse Zhou Hexuan was Ye Zhiqiu, director of the Federation of Literary and Art Resistance Association and deputy director of the publishing department. He commented in the "Literary Monthly" he edited:
"Literature during the Anti-Japanese War should be young, fighting, healthy, solid, realistic and progressive..."The Little Prince" obviously has nothing to do with fighting or reality. It uses a kind of nothingness that is divorced from reality.
The style of writing is used to praise friendship and love, which is not in line with the stance of popular literature and anti-war literature..."
"As a great writer with international influence, Mr. Zhou Hexuan's book has set a very bad example for the majority of young people and cultural scholars... In peacetime, "The Little Prince" is naturally an excellent work, but it
It’s really inappropriate now.”
"Soldiers cannot be deserters on the battlefield, and literary creation is the battlefield of writers, and writers cannot be deserters when national crises are approaching. We cannot escape reality, but must face it bravely, either to save the nation or to reflect society...
…For writers, the pen is a gun and the ink is a bullet. We cannot shoot into the sky, but we must choose the right target to aim at the enemy...”
Ye Zhiqiu's argument immediately attracted the response of many patriotic writers, who commented that Zhou Hexuan should not write fairy tales during the Anti-Japanese War, believing that Zhou Hexuan was evading difficulties and responsibilities in his works.
In fact, Ye Zhiqiu was already very polite to Zhou Hexuan, and his articles were more sensible in discussing matters. In the past two years, he scolded Liang Shiqiu for being ruthless. He ridiculed Liang Shiqiu for "playing the favorites of others in the casino by playing favorites." To put it more directly, he thought Liang Shiqiu was "
Grandstanding".
The fourth type is strong support.
Liang Shiqiu seemed to have not learned the lesson from last time. He was the first to stand up and publicly support Zhou Hexuan, and once again started a writing war with Ye Zhiqiu. He wrote in the article:
"There are always some people who destroy literary creation in the name of literature. "The Little Prince" presents a praise of truth, goodness and beauty. Don't we need truth, goodness and beauty when we persist in the war of resistance? Since it is healthy and positive, why is it
Accused of escaping reality?”
"Literature is the writing of human nature, as is popular literature, and so is the Anti-Japanese War literature. Real revolutionaries and true patriots infiltrate burning enthusiasm into literature, often without intending to form extremely touching works. This is the expression of human nature. If
If we blindly emphasize the content of literary creation and regard literary creation as anti-war stereotypes, then how can such works have any humanity at all? How many readers can they be moved by? "
"Literature is a tool to propagate the Anti-Japanese War. I strongly agree. But if literature can only be used as a tool to propagate the Anti-Japanese War, then when the Anti-Japanese War is victorious, literature will lose its role. After all, war is temporary, but literature is permanent. We must both
Even if you do your temporary work well, you can’t abandon the eternal value of literature!”
Since the last debate, few people dared to publicly support Liang Shiqiu for fear of being attacked by rats crossing the street. But this time the subject of the discussion was Zhou Hexuan, and many die-hard supporters immediately stood up and helped Liang Shiqiu cheer up.
From late February to mid-March, the debate lasted for a full month, involving dozens of writers in a scuffle.
The two sides started a discussion on literary creation during the Anti-Japanese War. At first, it was a matter-of-fact discussion, but gradually turned into sarcasm. Even Zhou Hexuan and "The Little Prince" were thrown aside. The focus of the debate became the attitude and bottom line of literary creation, mixed with the author.
Their past personal feuds and old grudges eventually turned into personal attacks.
The last time left-wing literati besieged Liang Shiqiu, Duke Zhou personally stood up to break up the fight, and it ended with Liang Shiqiu voluntarily giving in. This time, Duke Zhou felt that the impact was not good, and privately summoned Ye Zhiqiu, hoping that the "Literature Monthly" edited by him would no longer
Biting it and not letting it go.
But before Ye Zhiqiu could make changes, the magazine "Fei Gong" published a review article by Ma Jue titled "On the Deep Imagery of Patriotic Literary Creation":
"I read the manuscript of "The Little Prince" a year ago. At first I thought it was a fairy tale for adults, praising friendship and love, and discussing loyalty and responsibility. I told Mr. Zhou about my own
Understood, Mr. Zhou said, think about the bigger picture."
"Mr. Zhou did not explain in detail, nor did he force me to understand it. But now when I read "The Little Prince" again, I did find something different..."
"Each character in "The Little Prince" has a metaphor, the narrator, the fox, the rose, the snake, the astronomer, the king, the drunkard, the businessman... In fact, they can all be prototyped in today's China. Please allow me to elaborate slowly.
"
"First of all, let's talk about the 'narrator', that is, 'I', who is a pilot. The pilot is a person who loves fantasy and is not used to beating people who are practical. Instead, he likes to get along with children. Children are natural and pleasant.
I think the pilot is the incarnation of the author Mr. Zhou. He doesn’t like practical people and likes to get along with children. “Pragmatic people” can be traitors or corrupt officials and profiteers. They make a fortune and even betray the country and the nation. Zhou
Sir, I don’t like it. And the simple ‘children’, including the little prince, refer to patriots and those heroes who sacrificed their blood for the country!”
"If we follow this line of thinking, let's take the little prince as a typical patriot, and let's talk about the fox. The fox has smart knowledge. He made the little prince understand the essence of life. He asked the little prince to tame him and told the little prince
A secret from the prince: You can only see clearly when you look with your heart. Love is responsibility. I think the 'Fox' should be Chinese civilization, Chinese culture and morality. He teaches patriots how to face life and teaches patriots responsibility and responsibility.
The little prince’s taming of the fox is mutual and represents the mutual belonging of patriots and Chinese civilization.”
"Continuing to talk about roses, in the eyes of ordinary readers, roses refer to first love. But what I want to say is that the roses here should be from China. Roses are arrogant, pretentious, thorny, condescending, and self-righteous... He has various shortcomings, and in the face of powerful
He ridiculously used only four small thorns to protect himself from his enemies. He also asked the little prince to praise him and not to leave him. Isn’t the rose the symbol of China, which has many problems but is lovely? The little prince is a patriot.
He loves his motherland. Although his motherland has all its shortcomings, there are more than five thousand roses in the garden, and he only loves his own one. Just like there are countless countries in the world, patriots only love their own motherland. The little prince was angry
Rose is ignorant and resents Rose, but after leaving, she discovers that Rose is her true love. This is like a patriot who is angry at the weakness and shortcomings of the motherland. He complains and is angry and wants to change or even leave, but in
When the motherland was invaded, boundless love and attachment burst out."
"Let's talk about astronomers..."
As soon as Ma Jue's review article was published, the writers in the melee were dumbfounded.
It’s just a fairy tale, how can it be interpreted like this?
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