Ever since Zhang Xueliang, Yu Fengzhi and his wife moved into Sanletang, the Sun brothers have been busy and dedicated two rooms for them to quit smoking. Fortunately, when opium addiction broke out, Zhang Xueliang and his wife had cloth balls in their mouths, otherwise
The terrifying howling sound can scare children.
After quitting smoking, Zhang Xueliang took Zhou Hexuan to discuss communism whenever he had nothing to do, and his secretary Pan Wenyu often joined in.
As for the eldest sister in Fengzhi, she spent all day singing and listening to operas with Meng Xiaodong, and became very familiar with Vivien Leigh by the way. Yu Fengzhi often took Meng Xiaodong and Vivien Leigh to attend high-end social events in Tianjin, with
Celebrities and dignitaries, living in the countryside, and foreign consuls are very familiar with each other.
Vivien Leigh, in particular, almost astonished the entire foreign circle in Tianjin. There were countless foreigners who secretly and overtly pursued sending flowers.
For basic communist books like "Das Kapital", Zhang Xueliang could have asked Pan Wenyu for advice. The issues he discussed with Zhou Hexuan were more practical. This morning, Zhang Xueliang had just been tied up for two hours. He drank chicken soup and said:
"Mingcheng, the Soviet Union's first five-year plan has ended. I heard that it has achieved unprecedented success. The number of professional workers in the country has doubled, and the national income has also doubled. Is the communist system really that powerful?"
Zhou Hexuan said: "The success of the Soviet Union's First Five-Year Plan is due to its good luck."
"It's not just luck, okay?" Pan Wenyu questioned a little. He was now an underground party member and did not dare to show too much love for the Soviet Union.
"Of course it's not just good luck, but being able to double the number of workers and national income must have an element of luck," Zhou Hexuan said with a smile.
Zhang Xueliang asked: "How to say it?"
Zhou Hexuan explained: "In the second year of the First Five-Year Plan, the Soviet Union encountered the world economic crisis. The major European and American capitalist powers were deeply affected by the economic crisis, and European and American capital, technology and talents spontaneously transferred to the Soviet Union to find a way out.
The United States is the largest immigrant country in the world, but there has been a wave of immigration in recent years. According to incomplete statistics, 100,000 American skilled workers and engineers have applied to immigrate to the Soviet Union in recent years."
Zhang Xueliang was surprised: "One hundred thousand American skilled workers and engineers immigrated to the Soviet Union, which is a huge wealth."
Zhou Hexuan smiled and said: "The Magnitogorsk Steel Plant in the Soviet Union was modeled on the Gerry Plant of the United States Steel Company. Most of the designers came from the United States. The largest Dnieper River hydropower station in the Soviet Union also imported American technology.
The equipment also employs American technical experts. The Gorky Automobile Plant under construction is a new plant assisted by the American Ford Company, and the Stalingrad Tractor Plant was fully constructed in the United States and then dismantled and shipped to the Soviet Union... There are countless such situations.
, some companies including Germany, France, and the United Kingdom are also cooperating with the Soviet Union. Last year, the Soviet Union purchased more than 50% of the world's total machinery and equipment exports."
"So that's it, the Soviet Union is really lucky." Zhang Xueliang sighed with envy and helplessness. He also took advantage of the economic crisis to purchase American equipment and hire American engineers to expand the scale of the Shenyang Arsenal. Unfortunately, tragedy struck as soon as the Japanese came.
Many machines that were too late to be transported were destroyed.
Pan Wenyu was stunned when he heard the data mentioned by Zhou Hexuan. He really didn't know that the Soviet Union took the opportunity to make a fortune. He only thought that the Soviet Union relied on the superiority of the system to develop rapidly.
Shocked, Pan Wenyu asked: "Why can't China learn from the Soviet Union and take the opportunity to import machinery, equipment and technical personnel from the great powers?"
As a great northern warlord, Zhang Xueliang knew some of the situation, but he still waited for Zhou Hexuan to clarify his doubts.
Zhou Hexuan analyzed: "First of all, there are institutional issues. The Soviet Union was a communist country, and its First Five-Year Construction Plan was promoted by the state. For example, if you want to build a hydropower station, relevant talents can be immediately transferred from across the country, and the state will provide sufficient funds. Politically
There is no obstruction to the road. But what about China? Look at what the central government and local warlords are doing in the past few years. They are desperately plundering the people and raising military funds for the civil war. Even if the government wants to develop industry, it will first develop military industry and light industry.
, because the military industry holds the gun, and the light industry makes money quickly. If you want to develop China into an industrial power, you must build a complete industrial system in a planned way. But unfortunately, for those in power, building a national industrial system is not as good as
Fighting the civil war is important."
Zhang Xueliang blushed a little and defended: "The main reason is that there is not enough money."
"Yes, this is a very important reason," Zhou Hexuan nodded and said, "For example, the Sixth Commander, even if the three eastern provinces are not lost, plus the entire North China territory. The income of these provinces is enough to maintain an army of hundreds of thousands.
Developing education and paying administrative staff’s salaries are simply not enough to support the construction of the local industrial system.”
Pan Wenyu asked for advice: "The Soviet Union is also very poor. When they implemented the First Five-Year Construction Plan, the national economy was not as good as the Tsarist Russia era. Why does the Soviet Union have the money to build industry aggressively?"
Zhou Hexuan smiled and said: "First of all, the Soviet Union is a unified country. Secondly, the Soviet Union has an authoritarian government."
Pan Wenyu corrected: "Mr. Zhou, the Soviet Union is a communist country, not a dictatorship."
"The Soviet Union is a proletarian autocratic government. This is written into the Soviet Constitution. Are you telling me that it is not a dictatorial country?" Zhou Hexuan said speechlessly.
Pan Wenyu emphasized: "The dictatorship of the proletariat is the joint management, development and enjoyment of the country by the broad proletariat."
Zhou Hexuan smiled and was too lazy to argue anymore. He continued: "The Soviet Union is a unified and authoritarian government, so it can mobilize unlimited civilian potential. In the Soviet Union's First Five-Year Construction Plan, you should not only look at industrial development, but also agriculture.
Case."
"What is the situation of the Soviet Union's industry?" Zhang Xueliang really didn't care.
Zhou Hexuan said: "Agricultural collectivization is an important part of the Soviet Union's First Five-Year Plan. Stalin demanded the large-scale construction of collective farms in the country. In order to achieve results, many places adopted very radical methods. For example, in some areas, farmers' residences and small
Livestock and poultry were publicized, and brutal attacks were carried out against rich peasants. Once someone was classified as a rich peasant, the local government immediately confiscated their property and even kicked them out. Just in the past two years, 600,000 rich peasants in the Soviet Union were
Their property was deprived, and more than 500,000 kulak peasants were forced to move to barren lands to work as coolies. By the end of last year, there were basically no kulak peasants left in the Soviet Union, and all the properties of poor peasants were collectivized."
Zhang Xueliang broke into a cold sweat after hearing this, and asked in surprise: "Then what is the difference between the farmers in the Soviet Union now and the serfs in the Tsarist Russia era?"
"Of course there is a difference," Zhou Hexuan said with a smile. "Peasants who were dissatisfied with the government either died or went to work as coolies. But the remaining farmers all supported the Soviet government. Their lives may not be as good as those in the Tsarist Russia era, but from now on
In their hearts, they regard themselves as the masters of the country, and they work very hard to build the Soviet Union."
"How is this possible?" Zhang Xueliang felt like he was hearing fantasy.
Zhou Hexuan said: "Because communism has brought them hope, which is a kind of spiritual identity."
Pan Wenyu wanted to refute, but he didn't dare to reveal his identity, so he could only keep his words in his heart.
Zhou Hexuan added: "The Soviet Union is a big agricultural country. Stalin stole property from farmers and used it all to develop industry. Can you not develop the Soviet Union's industry at a fast pace?"
Zhang Xueliang shook his head repeatedly: "This method is not advisable. All farmers will become victims?"
Zhou Hexuan said: "I very much agree with the Soviet Union's approach. If it can be implemented in China, in the long run, this may not be a good thing."
"But this will persecute many farmers to death." Zhang Xueliang said.
Zhou Hexuan asked: "Sixth Commander, do you think China's farmers are living a good life now? People still have a hard time making a living. If China has a powerful government that can squeeze one or even two generations of farmers and use the blood and sweat of farmers to catalyze China's industry, I believe it is worth it.
of."
Zhang Xueliang murmured: "This is too cold-blooded."
"Is this called cold-blooded? The great famine in Ukraine some time ago is called cold-blooded!" Zhou Hexuan sneered.
Pan Wenyu asked in astonishment: "What happened to the Great Famine in Scotland?"
Zhou Hexuan said: "Ukraine is the most important production area in the Soviet Union. A large number of rich peasants were collectively arrested and exiled. These rich peasants are farmers with rich agricultural experience. Once these people left, Ukraine's agricultural production technology and productivity dropped greatly. Some farmers wanted to
To avoid being classified as kulaks, they simply stopped cultivating the land, which led to a sharp decline in grain production in Ukraine last year and farmers starving. Do you know how the Soviet government responded?"
Pan Wenyu asked: "Transport food for relief?"
"Of course not," Zhou Hexuan said with a smile. "We have intensified our efforts to requisition grain from farmers in Scotland and prohibit farmers from owning any agricultural products. In the past two months, at least nearly 100,000 Ukrainian farmers were arrested on charges of stealing collective farm property. Since last year
By now, at least millions of peasants in Ukraine have starved to death."
Zhang Xueliang was dumbfounded, and Pan Wenyu's first reaction was that Zhou Hexuan was lying.
Zhou Hexuan closed his eyes: "This is a large agricultural country. If it wants to quickly develop into an industrial power, it must go through stages and use the blood of farmers to prop up the national industry. The Soviet Union must do this because it is surrounded by foreign enemies and has no time to slowly
Development. Stalin was very lucky to encounter a world economic crisis. He believes that as long as it survives this stage, the Soviet Union’s national strength will soon be among the best in the world."
Zhang Xueliang asked: "If China takes the path of communism, will it also have to develop like this?"
"That depends on the situation," Zhou Hexuan said. "If external conditions permit and the international situation is relatively stable, then there will naturally be time to develop slowly. But I'm afraid it will be difficult. China is just a piece of fat, and it is a thousand times easier to bully than the Soviet Union.
.But even if hundreds of millions of farmers starve to death, at least the situation is much better than the current situation in the Republic of China. Nowadays, more than tens of millions of farmers die of starvation and disease every year."
"That's true, long-term pain is worse than short-term pain." Zhang Xueliang sighed helplessly.
