"Although the administration of officials was refreshed at the founding of the People's Republic of China, and there were provincial examinations to replace officials as officials, how many capable officials will there be after the imperial examination?"
After getting on the carriage going back, Zhu Jing closed her eyes to rest and began to think in her heart.
When the emperor was in Xi'an, he adopted many children. At the same time, he was also followed by three descendants of the clan, Zhu Jing, Zhu Meng, and Zhu Mou.
But Zhu Jing had been with the emperor for more than ten years, and he had arranged all her marriages, so she was naturally the most affected.
The idea of governing the country by the people and putting the people first is deeply engraved in my mind.
In addition, he was originally from a poor background and felt the same way, so he naturally recognized this and his words and deeds were consistent.
Although he had been away from Beijing for several years, he had a deep understanding of the Ming Dynasty.
In his opinion, among these officials who had passed the imperial examination and had lived in poverty for ten years, 70% were mediocre officials, 25% were faint-hearted officials, and only half were cadres.
As for why there are no corrupt officials, it's because in the eyes of the court, it's okay if you are greedy for money. The most important thing as an official is to watch over the people and let them pay taxes safely.
But if it causes trouble, it will only lead to the death of the official.
The mediocre officials followed the rules step by step, followed the rules and regulations, and got along harmoniously with the gentry in the county, and even had the upper hand, and implemented the decrees issued by the court at will.
He never takes the initiative to do things.
For example, building water conservancy projects, smoothing roads, and educating the people were basically done by the gentry.
Faint officials are confused and have no independent opinions. They are manipulated by masters or subordinates and become tools and real seals for others to make profits.
As for officials, there is nothing better than suppressing the gentry, appeasing the people, and having the courage to do their jobs.
Like Hai Rui, he dredged the Wusong River and the Baimao River so that they flowed into the sea. People on both sides of the strait benefited from their business and coerced the powerful gentry to return the land they had seized, benefiting tens of thousands of people.
Of course, the central pavilion elders are also among them.
"It is rare to find an official, and it is difficult to save a weak official. Only a mediocre official can try to save him."
"Nowadays, the emperor is light on corvee and pays little in taxes, and the world is at peace. Only the rule of law lacks improvement."
Zhu Jing murmured: "Tongxuan has the power of local justice. Since ancient times, unsolved cases have been the most hated by people. If we train many people like Song Ci, no, one tenth, it will be enough to bring order to the world."
"The rule of law starts with me, Zhu Shisan!"
Holding this ancient record of clearing wrongdoing in her hands, Zhu Jing made up her mind.
However, his first task was to go to the palace and report to the emperor.
"Come here and tell me, our Detective Zhu has shown his majesty today."
The emperor wore a red fox cloak outside, which was particularly eye-catching on a snowy day. Inside he wore a yellow cotton coat and a pair of warm and swollen cotton shoes. The whole person looked particularly kind.
"I don't dare to specialize in merit——"
Zhu Jing knew that she could not hide anything from the emperor who knew everything about her, and she did not want to hide it, so she spoke out.
After listening for a while, Zhu Yixi suddenly realized: "A small fraud can solve this difficult case. If it weren't for him, you would have had no choice but to sentence him to absconding in fear of crime."
"But why is the record of clearing wrongs so familiar?"
After traveling for more than twenty years, some of the impressions of later generations became increasingly blurred, but he could always recall something when he came into contact with it.
"This is it." Zhu Jing presented it.
"Song Ci? The Song Dynasty's punishment officer?"
Zhu Yixi finally understood when she saw the name.
This man is known as the ancestor of forensic medicine. Later Hong Kong dramas were arranged for several editions, and there was also a Song Dynasty criminal judge in the Mainland.
But at that time, it was not famous in the world and was only famous among some specific groups of people.
After reading through it, I found that there are indeed some cases and judgments about corpses, traces, etc., which are concise and clear.
His emphasis on evidence is very rare today.
In this feudal era, the process of judging a case was usually based on witness, and then relied on subjugation, public opinion, etc.
As for litigants, they are the standard for wealthy people. With status as a scholar or above, they can write complaints, be familiar with the laws of the Ming Dynasty, and defend themselves with officials to achieve their demands.
As we all know, scholars are basically familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics, and they know nothing about the laws of the Ming Dynasty, so the powerful officials are led by the nose. After all, it is impossible to let the master come to the lobby, right?
Therefore, what officials hate most are litigants.
The common people also hate it, because only the rich can hire a lawyer, and the poor cannot afford it. It is not a lie that the plaintiff becomes the defendant.
That's why litigators are called litigators.
So lawyers and the like were originally created for rich people, not poor people.
Justice? Come on, lawyers need to eat too.
"This person is extremely famous among the writings, and it is said that he was also famous throughout the Southern Song Dynasty, but there are few deeds in the history of the Song Dynasty..."
Zhu Jing said curiously.
"The history of the Song Dynasty, the history of the Liao Dynasty, and the history of the Jin Dynasty were compiled in just two or three years. How many famous people were left behind?"
Zhu Yixi was not surprised.
The History of the Song Dynasty was urgently compiled at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and it was compiled in three volumes at the same time. The time was tight, so it was just a matter of copying and pasting and listing the time.
Coupled with the tendency of literati, many people have never been included in the network.
For example, Liu Yong is represented by Wanyue Ci Pai, and Bi Sheng is represented by movable type printing. These are all at the bottom of the stream.
But by sticking to Diaoyu City, Meng Gehan died, and Wang Jian, the general who extended the life of the Southern Song Dynasty for decades, was also omitted, which is a departure from the big picture.
The poets, craftsmen, and generals were all omitted.
An upright official like Song Ci who hangs around at the bottom and solves crimes for the common people every day is simply not in his eyes.
After all, the Southern Song Dynasty was just about surviving since its establishment, and had no time to care about other things.
"Your Majesty, the Apprehension Department under the General Patrol Office is responsible for arresting important criminals. It is not very good at solving cases like this."
Zhu Jing whispered, lacking confidence.
"It's hard for you too."
Zhu Yixi chuckled and said: "It would be appropriate for you to catch some thieves, but it would be difficult to solve the case."
The General Patrol Office, which was born out of the Wucheng Military and Horse Division, is a semi-military organization and can only play the role of armed police. It is too much to let them serve as police officers.
Firefighting, sanitation, public security, plus applying for household registration, temporary residence permit, market management, pursuit and arrests, etc., do not require much brainpower.
To solve a crime, you need brains.
These are completely two different things.
"I am very happy to serve your Majesty."
Zhu Jing said in a deep voice: "It's just that there are many excuses for the prison matters in the capital. Although there is supervision from Dali Temple, there are so many things to deal with every day, including reviewing the death penalty. I am afraid that I will not be able to do it."
"It is my wish to set up another division under the General Patrol Office, which will be responsible for solving crimes."
In the criminal and prison system, the characteristic of the Ming Dynasty is that each province has an inspector who is responsible for redressing unjust cases and supervising the prisons. However, in the two capitals, there is no inspector.
At the same time, the Ming and Qing Dynasties reversed course with the previous dynasties. Dali Temple was responsible for reviewing death sentences, and the Ministry of Punishment became a court, specializing in hearing some important and serious cases.
The serious cases here generally involve politics, not ordinary people.
As a result, some serious murder cases in the capital were judged by Shuntian Fuyin, now Shuntian Tong.
Under normal circumstances, in civil cases and flogging and caning cases, state and county officials will make the judgment effective (conclude the trial), and the judicial files will be kept for reference.
For cases involving imprisonment or above, the state and county officials have no power and can only report the case to the prefectural city; if the magistrate (general sentencing) has no problem, they can then report it to the prosecutor.
The prosecutor can try the prison sentence and close the case, but the death penalty must be reported to the governor, who will then report it to the Ministry of Punishment for review.
The three levels of yamen have different powers.
Therefore, the most annoying thing in the officialdom is reporting to higher levels, because this destroys the power base.
The Shuntian Prefecture did not follow the prosecutor's orders, so the Ministry of Punishment would review cases involving imprisonment or more, which would be equivalent to the later Supreme Court interrogating private affairs cases.
That's quite outrageous.
Therefore, the capital city can also be said to be the most virtuous place in the world. Senior officials from the Ministry of Punishment review it every day. Who dares to mess up?
"Do you want to install an inspector for Shuntian Mansion?"
Zhu Yixi narrowed her eyes and looked at Zhu Jing.
"I don't dare." Zhu Jing hurriedly lowered his head: "I just want to set up a criminal department to solve those murder cases and strange cases and bring peace of mind to ordinary people."
Now he dare not say that it will be implemented all over the world.
Even though he was dedicated to serving the public good, his thoughts were too much.
"The Criminal Division? Why does it look so much like the Crime Division?"
Zhu Yixi muttered, this is a good thing for the Ministry of Punishment, as it can save a lot of trouble.
Moreover, this criminal prosecutor is more like a police officer who solves crimes.
"Can--"
While Zhu Jing was waiting, a magnetic voice sounded in her ears.
"The criminal prosecution department should be located in the main office and branch offices. There is no need for branch offices on the streets."
"The other departments, Xiao Gui Cao Sui, can do things after all, but the Punishment Department is a new one, and you have to take charge of it yourself."
"You can find the manpower in the main office and each branch personally."
"If it works, I might try to introduce it to the world."
Zhu Jing was overjoyed. The emperor really spoke to his heart.
"But Your Majesty, we are short of manpower!"
Zhu Yi looked helpless.
Zhu Yixi chuckled and said: "Find a few more widowers, and then use the official title to find some smart scholars to study with. Even if they have to deal with corpses all day long, as long as they are officials, there will be people who want to be them."
"As for future implementation, you can now follow the example of the military academy and set up a academy to teach people to solve crimes."
“Don’t be afraid of too many people, be afraid of not enough people.”
Zhu Yixi was quite excited when she thought that a group of criminal police officers would be everywhere in the country in the future.
This is a milestone in the progress of the entire Ming Dynasty and even China's judiciary.
Handling a case in a haphazard manner turns into handling a case with reason and evidence, which is no less than a leap.
The more the emperor thought about it, the more excited he became: "When handling a case, the Criminal Division must pay attention to three points: witness, physical evidence, and oral confession. These three are indispensable. If one of the three is missing, the case will not be admitted and the case will be retried."
"Yes!" Zhu Jing looked confused, but she could only agree.
After he left, Zhu Yixi found a palace maid with long breasts and thighs and tender skin to treat her.
After all, as we all know, too much anger is harmful to the body. For the health of the emperor and the stability of the Ming Dynasty, we can only trouble these women.
The power of the emperor is so fascinating.
After the oral cleaning exercise was over, Zhu Yixi lay half-ly on the couch, feeling the warmth of the floor heating, and her mind was as sharp as ever.
He has already carried out reforms in the judicial system.
For example, if the judicial power is transferred from the county magistrate (prefect) to the general judge, a dedicated person will be implemented.
Now entering the deep water area, criminal cases are handled exclusively, and less professional general judgments are thrown into civil and unified management.
Make the judicial industry more professional.
And if the judiciary is like this, how can supervision work be relaxed?
In the early years of Shaowu, he merged the system of giving affairs into the Metropolitan Procuratorate system.
At the same time, the number of censors who advised the emperor was suddenly reduced to six, and the rest could only be dumped on the cabinet and eight officials.
But in other words, this group of censors is just like the group of general judges. Although they are dedicated people, they are not professional.
Rumor has it.
Random impeachment makes him fearless, and he seems to be a sharp weapon to flog the officials.
But facts have proven that, whether in the Song Dynasty or the Ming and Qing Dynasties, supervisory agencies such as the Metropolitan Procuratorate inevitably became a weapon of party struggle.
Anyway, there is no need to take responsibility, just impeachment.
If you want to act based on evidence, this is somewhat unreasonable.
Almost all of its censors are fledgling, have neither professionalism nor connections, and have no evidence at all.
And this is not a judicial matter, but a political matter.
As we all know, politics does not require evidence.
The mere suspicion that he had Sima Yi's appearance was enough to cause chaos among the ministers and ministers.
Because who can be in the cabinet who is not sixty or seventy?
Zhu Yixi had a strong control over the imperial court, and now felt that the Inspectorate was a bit awkward and not easy to use.
Naturally, it becomes the disciplinary inspection committee within the officialdom, which needs to pay attention to evidence to arrest people.
The censors lacked energy and experience and immediately sat down.
"So, let the censors carry out professional reforms."
Zhu Yixi closed her eyes and started thinking.
Somehow, he suddenly thought of the prosecutor system in South Korea.
The top one can capture the president, the middle one can capture the plutocrats, and the bottom one can capture the common people. It can be said that it is majestic and majestic, which makes people envious.
Of course, we are just a vicious dog tied to the mainland, and the reins are in the hands of the Americans.
Once he disobeys, he will be whipped.
Among them, the prosecutor's consideration of handling cases independently is worth learning from.
With the right to handle cases independently, your superiors cannot interfere or hinder you. This is definitely a good system.
In this way, party strife can be avoided to the greatest extent, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate will become a vicious dog in the hands of the imperial power.
At the same time, prosecutors are their own system and will not be subject to external political interference, that is, a single-appointment system.
Although today's censors are not controlled by their superiors, they do depend on the prime minister. If they want to be promoted, they must cooperate with others.
If the censor can only be promoted in the Metropolitan Procuratorate, interference can be eliminated to the greatest extent, which will also be very helpful for the administration of officials.
"Handle cases independently and form a self-contained system."
The emperor smiled, and then felt a little helpless.
In this era, scholars all want to be in power and serve as officials, impeaching people and trying cases all day long. I’m afraid many of them can’t stand it!
"Let Zuodu Yushi come to see me!"
After giving the order, the panting Zuodu Yushi came to the emperor.
"How many censors are there in the censorship station?"
"Your Majesty, the imperial censors are mostly selected from those in their twenties and thirties who are ambitious and ambitious. Therefore, there have been quite a few Jinshis over the years, nearly a hundred of them."
"You go and choose ten censors who are full of justice."
Zhu Yixi ordered: "I have other important uses."
"yes!"
In his plan, each censor was equipped with an office, which contained nearly ten people, including arresters, prosecutors, collectors, clerks, personal guards, etc., all paired together.
Their duties are specifically to investigate corruption cases involving hundreds of officials, handle cases independently, and are directly dispatched by the emperor.
Highly specialized, obedient, and more effective in combat.