The fans used by people in the capital can be roughly divided into four types: feather fans, folding fans, round fans and cattail fans.
The feather fan has the longest history. It has been around since the Yin Dynasty and was popular in the palaces of the Tang Dynasty. In film and television dramas, Zhuge Liang's fan used to "show off" is probably the most popular one.
The characteristic of this kind of fan is that the wind is warm and soft and does not penetrate into the bones. It is deeply loved by Buddhist and Taoist disciples who pursue health preservation.
The think tanks, hermits, and immortals of the Three Kingdoms all used this fan, not because they were pursuing their own personalities, but because this thing was a symbol of their origin and knowledge.
In reality, old Chinese medicine practitioners who know how to "shelter from the wind like an arrow" also like this thing. In the past, the elderly people of the Hong family and the Shou family used this fan exclusively.
It's a pity that the "four olds" in the "movement" drove away the monks and Taoists. The largest customer group is gone, and this thing is basically extinct.
The folding fan, also known as the Ju-bone fan and the Ju-head fan, was a tribute from Korea in the Northern Song Dynasty and a tribute from Japan in the Ming Dynasty. It became popular throughout the country during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty.
At first, this thing was mainly liked by eunuchs, who wanted it to be hidden in their sleeves to avoid the eyes of nobles. Later, because the painting and calligraphy treasures could be left on the fan, the small square inch created its own interest. It became a favorite among dignitaries and literati.
like.
At present, it is precisely because of these two advantages that folding fans are the most widely used, and people with a little bit of culture and status are willing to bring one.
Like Hong Lucheng, Wang Yunlin, Shou Jingfang, Tailor Su, Chang Qiugeng, Kuang Meiyun, Chang Xianzhang, He Jiefu, Director Song, everyone, regardless of gender or age, uses it.
As for the round fan, it was originally reserved for ladies and ladies in the house in the past.
In the past, the silk flower workshop in the "Flower Market" outside "Chongwenmen" would concentrate manpower to produce silk flowers every summer to meet market demand.
This kind of fan is decorative, and most of the fans are made of silk silk to facilitate painting. There are three types of fans: plain fans, calligraphy fans, and painted fans. However, because calligraphy fans and painted fans are ordinary products that hire people to write paintings, they are not plain fans.
Fans are the most precious and are of the highest quality with exquisite workmanship.
Nowadays, Wang Yunlin has lost all the round fans of any kind. Interestingly, "Tang Xin'er" has two at home.
It was a relic of "Sister Agou". Although there were meticulous flowers and birds on it, it was obviously a plain fan that was painted later.
This inference is made because one of the two fans has an ivory handle with an agate pendant, and the other has an agarwood handle with an emerald pendant. This high-quality round fan can only be sold exclusively to wealthy people.
But I don’t know whose hand the two round fans came from, and who painted them. Are they a lady or a talented person?
In fact, according to Hong Yanwu, it is very likely that it was picked up by "Sister Agou" after being photographed.
Pu fan is undoubtedly the most popular fan.
This kind of fan is made by drying palmetto leaves from the south and is also the most common fan.
But although it has little historical and artistic value, and although it is not as good as the feather fan, the folding fan is as elegant as the round fan, it is cheap and durable. It is the fan that allows people to do whatever they want and cool themselves freely.
For this reason, it is very popular in the north, south, west and east, and is deeply loved by the people.
Hong Yanwu only loved this kind of fan. Even if "Tang Xin'er" said that he was holding it like an old man playing chess at the door, he would never tire of it.
On the contrary, he was very convincing, saying that this thing is what a big man should use. The fan is easy to use and it can also repel mosquitoes and flies. Can you change it to another fan? If you are sitting outside, you have to rely on me.
The fan is here to protect you.
Yes, "Tang Xin'er" has to admit that sometimes benefits and dignity cannot be achieved at the same time, and I am completely speechless...
If a fan is a necessity for enjoying the cool air, then the luxuries for enjoying the cool air include lounge chairs, rattan chairs, bamboo chairs, small tables, mats, and porcelain pillows.
Of course Hong Yanwu and "Tang Xin'er" are also available.
Their recliners, bamboo chairs and small tables were all newly purchased. I bought two recliners, which are retractable and retractable. Not only are they easy to fold, they also have pillows on top.
The two of them stood up and lay down together, with a small table in the middle to put a radio, tea, melons and fruits. It was very useful for taking a break at noon or enjoying the cool air in the evening.
I bought four small bamboo chairs with backrests, which are comfortable to sit on. There are two small tables, a square table for eating, and a round table for drinking tea and fruit, depending on the situation.
As for the wicker chairs, mats and pillows, they are already there.
There are two cooling pillows. The soft one is the red patent leather pillow, which is more comfortable and suitable for sleeping at night. The porcelain pillow is hard and is only suitable for taking a nap at noon.
But what impressed Hong Yanwu the most was the porcelain pillow. It was shaped like a sleeping old cat, but its ears had holes through which cold water could be poured. Not only did this relieve the headache, it was also really cool.
By now, I believe everyone should understand. With these household items, in this era without the greenhouse effect, the pain of the highest temperature in summer can be withstood, and it is really nothing.
What's more, those who really know how to enjoy themselves have a last resort, which is to buy ice.
For example, Hong Yanwu would often go to a soda shop on the street in the afternoon and find someone to buy a large piece of natural ice stored in a cellar during the winter. Then he would bring it back and put it in a large wooden basin in his bedroom. Let the ice slowly melt and release the cool air.
This is equivalent to having natural air conditioning, and you can also put various fruits around the ice cubes. When the ice cubes have almost melted, it is evening. There is almost no heat in the room. You can have a good night's sleep.
This trick was used by wealthy families in the past. Some of them were particularly greedy for coolness. Not only did they put ice basins in all four corners of the house, but they also asked the girls to guard the ice basins and fan them.
Otherwise speaking, when it comes to how to enjoy, people in the new society are really getting stupider as they live. Don't always think that modern life is better than the "evil old society".
What's going on? I still don't believe it.
Then let’s continue talking about old summer pastimes.
If the previous things can physically ensure that people can spend the hot summer safely, they are considered hardware. But those entertainments are considered software, but they can make people fall in love with the hot summer from the bottom of their hearts.
Specifically, there are a variety of projects, some of which can be enjoyed at home, and some that must be enjoyed outside.
Apart from small goldfish, all you can enjoy at home are summer insects.
In old Beijing, there were vendors who specialized in selling goldfish and would deliver them to your doorstep, and you could keep them in a large lotus tank in the courtyard. Nowadays, although there are no large lotus tanks and no goldfish vendors, it doesn't matter.
In order to make his wife happy, Hong Yanwu could think of any way. If you don’t have a big lotus tank, you can buy a glass fish tank from the store. If there is no one selling goldfish, you can go to Beihai Park to catch it yourself.
As a result, at the end of the day, he not only used a net made of mosquito nets and sheep bones to collect two kilograms of shrimps, which was enough to raise a cup to the moon.
A large string of lanterns and seven or eight gold, red, and gold-red small goldfish were also placed in a glass round tank and placed on the round table by the window of the living room.
The location here is good, you can get sunshine every morning, and it is quite fun to watch the fish swimming among the aquatic plants in the crystal clear water.
It's just that "Tang Xin'er" was so jealous of the "Toad Gudu" he caught that he had to throw away the little tadpole that had grown legs. This actually made him a little sad for this little life, and he died.
Too light as a feather.
As for summer insects, it is more worry-free. Although there are no vendors selling them, the Hong family has relatives in "Longkou Village".
Hong Yanwu didn't even need to open his mouth. As soon as the time came, Yuntai and Zhaoqing directly asked An Yangyang and An Yueliang to bring all kinds of insects to the Hong family.
The main ones are "Cardboard", "Cricket" and "Golden Bell". Because they raise a few green "Cardboard" to listen to their chirping day and night, or to have fun with their neighbors for weaving, they have always been a popular place for people in the capital to spend summer in their homes.
means of transportation.
"Golden Zhong'er" is a treasure with the most beautiful sound among summer insects, which is definitely different from the popular products such as "Kaizhuer", "Youhulu", "Mountain Tiger" and "Xilazi".
This insect is loved by those with a wealthy family. To raise this insect, the male and female need to be placed in a porcelain jar, separated by wormwood, and fed with edamame and sour pears. It flaps its wings all night long, and its sound is clear and clear, and it resonates with the porcelain jar.
The bell sounds, hence the name "Golden Bell".
That is the distant dream of Jinghua and the poetry of summer insects. Who can not love it?
In this way, a "Grasshopper" cage was hung under the eaves of "Tang Xin'er", and there was a small porcelain vase holding "Golden Bell" in the house.
In fact, even this small porcelain vase is not an ordinary thing. It is "like raw porcelain". It looks like a large and small pumpkin with melon vines connected together, and there is a bug on one side. It is lifelike and very clever, which makes people love it very much.
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According to what An Yangyang brought to Zhaoqing, it was collected from a neighboring village or was a thing from the Jiaqing period.
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