Chapter 132: Ci Fu and the Book of Ten Thousand Words
As the saying goes, poetry is about emotions and objects.
Poems, lyrics, songs, and poems were at the end of the list. However, among the four categories of Jinshi subjects in the Song Dynasty, poems and poems were the most important.
Poetry has now become secondary, taking a back seat to prose.
Now that Zhang Yue has entered the Jinshi Department, the difficulty lies in learning Fu.
The one that left the deepest impression on Zhang Yue in the Fu is "Six kings are completed, four seas are one, Shushan is Wu, and Afanchu comes out".
Of course there is also a negative teaching material, that is Liu Ji’s "The heaven and the earth are rolling, all things are flourishing, and the saints are growing".
As well as Ouyang Xiu's saying, "A scholar pricks, an examiner brushes."
Fu is half poem and half prose.
This article is prose, and prose is an article that does not rhyme or match.
But Fu not only rhymes, but also changes rhymes, and sometimes has to be paired or not.
As for poetry, there are seven lines, five lines, or even three lines, but the length is short, while the poems are generally long.
Hence why Fu is called both poetry and literature.
Another characteristic of Fu is that it is composed of essays and written records based on objects.
Take Sima Xiangru’s Shanglin Fu as an example.
……the flow is flowing sideways, the cross current is twisting and turning, it is turning and pouring, and it is pouring and irrigating. The sky is cloudy and the clouds are flowing, and the waves are rushing to the river.
The entire poem in Shanglin Fu contains such foreshadowing sentences.
Many Han poems are like this. In fact, most of them are not real scenes, but Sima Xiangru's imaginary scenery. They are all depicted in the scenery of Shanglin Garden, giving people a first-class feeling.
This is not the case for one generation or two. The Fu of the Tang Dynasty was already like this. Han Yu implemented the "Ancient Prose Movement" because he felt that such Fu was too false and false. To put it bluntly, the literati were purely "showing off their skills" and had no actual content.
It is considered that "if the illusion is too big, it will be far away from the class, and if the evasions are too great, it will be contrary to the actual situation".
In the Song Dynasty, this virtue was restored, but in the second year of Jiayou, when Ouyang Xiu was the chief examiner, he once again promoted the "Ancient Prose Movement". If you dare to write like this, it will be regarded as "the scholar thorns, the examiner brushes".
The fate of Liu Ji, the first person in Imperial College, can be seen.
To learn Fu, one requires reading and memorizing rhymes, and the other requires a large vocabulary.
If you feel that your vocabulary of ancient Chinese is large, you can try to read and understand Sima Xiangru's "Shanglin Fu" and "Zixu Fu".
At that time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty read Sima Xiangru's "Zixu Fu" and sighed, "I can't be the same as this man!"
As a result, the Shu servant on the side said with great pride that this was done by his fellow countryman Sima Xiangru.
After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty met with Sima Xiangru, Sima Xiangru said that "Zixu Fu" is a hunting poem by princes and kings. I will write another "Shanglin Fu" for you by the emperor hunting.
Although this Zixu Fu and Shanglin Fu both talk about hunting and gardening, they have almost no similar words, which shows how extensive Sima Xiangru's vocabulary is.
Nowadays, Ouyang Xiu advocates the ancient prose movement and has been trying to change the legal Fu in the examination room to Wen Fu, but he has never been able to do so.
Just like when Ouyang Xiu wrote Qiu Sheng Fu himself, he also had to take into account both parallel and prose.
Originally, Zhang Yue was also a supporter of Ouyang's ancient prose movement.
But he also understood why the ancients rhymed in their poems and songs?
Rhyme is not just for rhetoric, but to facilitate recitation. So many poems in the Book of Songs were preserved in the form of singing, and were finally recorded on paper.
No matter how good the poem is, if it is difficult to recite, it does not have the conditions for survival.
After all, in ancient times, there was no condition for flipping through Baidu books, so it was of course best to memorize it in the mind through a catchy way like poetry.
In this way, even many years later, by chance, I can read or sing a poem or song that I memorized as a child.
Understanding this, Zhang Yue was no longer so repulsive to Fu.
However, compared to Confucian classics, learning Fu really depends on talent.
Even if Sima Xiangru did not meet Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he would still be endowed with saints.
Zhang Yue has now also begun to learn Fu. Fortunately, in Taixue, various schools discuss knowledge in Luting every day, and there are also learned scholars who serve as lecturers. This gives Zhang Yue a way to learn. Unlike when he was in Wuxi in the past,
It's hard to find this book.
The system of Taixue is "lecturing in the hall and practicing in the studio."
There are lectures every ten days in Chonghua Hall, which are taught personally by the direct lecturer of the Imperial College. They are also in Chonghua Hall during weekday exams.
As for daily study, it is in the studio.
This dormitory is a little different from the school dormitory. It has a seminar room, a study room and a dormitory feel.
Every day Zhang Yue had to come to Luting to attend the banquet.
This furnace pavilion is placed in every meal. Because the furnace can be raised in winter, it is called the furnace pavilion.
The furnace pavilion is the study room and seminar room of the studio. In addition to lighting a fire in winter, in summer the full-body windows on the east and west walls are opened.
Zhang Yue walked into the furnace pavilion from the south. Beside the full-length windows on the east and west walls were the names of the people who passed the exam, and below them were written in small characters the number of Jinshi, the country title, etc.
To the north is a solid wall with three plaques hanging on the wall.
The central tile is the most important and is called the Guangzhai tile.
This is a rule left over from the Jinshi period in the Tang Dynasty. All students who pass the Jinshi title and serve as officials and return to the Imperial College of the Province should return to school and perform the ceremony of Guangzhai.
In addition to saluting, you also need to pay a sum of money to Benzhai, called Guangzhai money. If you are appointed as the prime minister, number one scholar, or commander in chief, you will also have to give Benzhai a number of valuable gifts, and then write them on the Guangzhai tablet.
As for the two panels on the left and right of the Guangzhai plaque, the names, birthplaces, and virtues of the Shubenzhai students on the left side (who received honors in Taixue) were listed on this plaque after Zhang Yue performed the ritual of "Shen Zhai."
Officially became a member of Yangzhengzhai.
On the right side are written the academic rules of Taixue and the rules of Yangzhengzhai, and are attached a set of seats for the stove pavilion (see the easter egg chapter at the end of the chapter for a picture of the stove pavilion).
There is a stove in the center of the pavilion, and the seats are all surrounding the stove. There are about twenty-four seats in total.
The full quota for a meal is thirty people, but Zhang Yue doesn’t understand why there are only twenty-four seats.
Compared to the two-point life in the classroom and dormitory in the past, it is good to go to the furnace pavilion to attend banquets or self-study on weekdays.
Zhang Yue studied prose in Luting on weekdays. When Liu Ji, the chief of the studio, was there, Zhang Yue also asked him for advice on how to write articles.
Within the Taixue Yizhai, the Zhaiyu implements the rules and regulations of the school, and the chief of the Zhai takes charge of the affairs. Although the chief of the Zhai does not have the responsibility of supervising studies and answering questions, Liu Ji is the "first person of Taixue". Perhaps
It was because he was too famous that he was shot out of the top, so he was dismissed by Ouyang Xiu, but his talent is definitely undoubted.
When Zhang Yue asked Liu Ji for advice, he said: "If you learn from my article, the examiner will brush it off someday. Don't blame me."
Zhang Yue smiled.
Liu Ji either because Zhang Yue was a relative of Zhang Heng or Zhang Dun, or because he wanted to help him out by picking up girls that day, anyway, he gave Zhang Yue his best advice on his studies.
Zhang Yue asked him if he should no longer study Sima Xiangru's Shanglin Fu and Zixu Fu. Instead, he should study Han Yu's and Liu Zongyuan's articles. If he wrote the articles in a plain and fluent way, he could pass the exam.
Hearing this, Liu Ji stared at Zhang Yue for a long time, and then said: "What kind of article do you like, just study it, and just try to figure out what the examiner likes?"
Zhang Yue was stunned for a while when he heard the words. Liu Ji touched his heart with his hand and said: "Eternal articles have their own way. You should ask here, not elsewhere. How about getting the 'Hongle Silk', I
Don’t be afraid either!”
Zhang Yue couldn't help but admire him.
Hongle silk refers to a "red silk belt". Most scholars in Chengdu, Shu region, like to wear a "red silk" around their waists.
Liu Ji took the imperial examination last year and was given the "Red Silk".
Ouyang Xiu just used the phrase "scholar pricks, examiners brush" to humiliate Liu Ji. He also used a red pen to erase Liu Ji's articles from beginning to end, euphemistically calling them "red silk".
After being humiliated in this way, Ouyang Xiu wrote the three characters "大簰尰" to criticize, telling the left and right that this must be Liu Ji's article, and posted it in the Gongyuan for all the examiners to appreciate. After the examination, everyone saw that it was indeed Liu Ji.
Ordinary people would either not take the test or change their writing style after being insulted like this, but I was not afraid of a few words from Liu. It really impressed Zhang Yue.
But Liu Ji said seriously: "Sima Xiangru's Zixu Fu was written during the reign of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, but Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty did not like to write poems, so Sima Xiangru was depressed and unable to succeed. However, when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty liked to write poems, Sima Xiangru
Take advantage of the time. If Sima Xiangru had changed his ways early, would he still be able to write articles such as Shanglin Fu in the future? Since ancient times, we scholars must be persistent and don't let articles search for people and people.
Come look for your article!"
After hearing this, Zhang Yue questioned: "If Bachelor Ouyang is still taking the exam next year, will the chief still not be able to present it like this?"
Liu Ji laughed and said, "That's exactly it."
Zhang Yue nodded, this is really the true nature of a man.
Liu Ji reminded himself that what he said made sense. Why should he study whatever articles are fashionable today?
Just like the future generations are discussing where the next wind outlet will be all day long. There is a big boss who said, "If you stand on the wind outlet, pigs will fly." But there are also big guys who say, "It doesn't matter where the wind outlet is, just do your own thing, there will always be success."
One day the wind will hit you. If you keep looking for the wind, you will lose yourself.'
It seems that Liu Ji is such a great person, he has seen through everything a long time ago, so he can persist unwaveringly.
After some time, Zhang Yue learned that Liu Ji had changed his name to Liu Hui, and his character had also been changed from "Zidao" to "Zhidao". Not only that, but his writing style had also changed. Once he changed the diction, the article was written better than Han Yu's.
, Liu Zongyuan’s ‘ancient prose’ is still ‘ancient prose’.
Zhang Yue couldn't help but cursed when he found out, it was really Male Gobi, this man talked like fart, he wasted so much time.
So Zhang Yue had no choice but to pick up Han Liu again, and read Ouyang Xiu's articles seriously to learn their writing style.
You need to memorize vocabulary and pronunciation, but this is not necessarily the case for essays. Essays mainly depend on talent, just like college entrance examination essays. Most people will not get full marks after practicing for a lifetime.
But whether the efforts made the day after tomorrow are useful, the answer is still useful.
There is a saying that "if Su Wensheng is familiar with it, eat mutton; if Su Wensheng is familiar with it, eat vegetable soup", that is to say, if you have memorized Sansu's article, you can eat mutton (be an official). If you don't memorize it well, you can only drink it.
Vegetable soup.
However, reading Sansu's articles as imperial examination essays was only done after Jianyan. Now it is just trying to figure out the articles of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan.
In this dynasty, I studied Ouyang Xiu.
In addition to poems and articles, the most common thing discussed by Tai students in the furnace pavilion was the political affairs.
Just as Xiang Qi said before, "He leads the Tutu Academy and has no official Yushitai". The life of the Tai students is indeed poor, and they also criticize the government.
Some people also say that it is reasonable for Tai students to criticize the government because of their poor life.
Despite the blessings of today's official family, Taixue has always been ostracized and even regarded as a "reform" because of the support of Fan Zhongyan's reforms from Sun Fu and Shi Jie to Hu Yuan and Li Gou.
It is a land of gentlemen, so the funds allocated by the imperial court to the Imperial College have been repeatedly withheld, or have been met with various obstacles, intentionally or unintentionally.
It is inevitable for a university student to be full of resentment.
It is now July, when the heat is unbearable, and most of the Imperial College students are preparing for the Imperial Examination.
Zhang Yue was in the furnace pavilion, holding a cattail leaf fan and reading Han Yu's article. However, he saw a classmate saying: "There is a good article that I can share with you."
Everyone asked: “Whose article is it?”
Zhang Yue yawned. He had seen many articles praised by Tai students, and he preconceived the idea that except for Ouyang Xiu, there were few people whose articles he could use as a reference.
Hence, I still feel inspired to read Han Liu’s article.
But I heard the other party say: "Wang Jiefu, who is now in charge of Jiangdong Prison, returned to Beijing to report on his duties. He wrote a letter of ten thousand words to the officials."
As soon as Zhang Yue heard the words "Wang Jiefu", he immediately stifled a half-yawn and thought, "This is an article by Wang Anshi, so I'm not sleepy anymore."
“This article has the ambition to change the world and change the world. It is amazing to read. In the past few days, all the ministers in Beijing have been discussing this book.”
Hearing this sentence, one person laughed and said: "Wang Jiefu's article is good, but this person is very ignorant. When the imperial edict was announced, the officials invited a group of ministers to go fishing in the imperial garden. All the ministers were calm and calm.
We were free to fish, but Wang Jiefu ate all the bait, which made a big joke."
Everyone laughed when they heard this, and a few people questioned: "It's just hearsay. How could someone eat the bait by mistake, or be a high-ranking minister? Ridiculous?"
One person said: "It's not ridiculous. I have heard about this matter. The next day, the official also discussed this matter with several husbands. He said that it was just a grain of fish bait for others to eat by mistake. They ate it all on the plate. How could anyone not come close?"
This is so reasonable. This person must be a liar!"
"This is absolutely true. My uncle who was waiting nearby heard it all the time."
Several others made excuses for Wang Anshi.
One person says that Wang Anshi is the seed of the prime minister, but another person says that if such a person is used as prime minister, the world will be in trouble.
A few people were arguing, but Zhang Yue came to the front and bowed to the other party: "Please borrow the article to read."
Several Tai students were busy debating, and no one read the article for a while.
Therefore, Zhang Yue couldn’t wait to read the article first. This article was called by Liang Qichao ‘the most important article since the Qin and Han Dynasties’.
Zhang Yue doesn’t know what a good way to do it!
Chapter Yue read word for word, "I was a foolish and unworthy man. I was favored and prepared to be an envoy all the way. Now I am called back to the court by grace. I have been appointed to serve, and I should repay your Majesty with my envoy..."
While Zhang Yue was reading here, the classmates over there were already divided into two groups and quarreling together.
Speaking of the political opinions of the Tai students, they generally tended to support Fan Zhongyan’s new policies.
It is said in later generations that nearly half of the Jinshi were students of Hu Yuan, and Wang Anshi used all his disciples in his reform. This is not unreasonable.
Controversies over political opinions are the most boring thing. Zhang Yue doesn't care about that much. Anyway, if there are good articles, read them first and then memorize them after falling asleep.
Just as Zhang Yue finished reading, he raised his head and saw a person looking at him.
