On the fourth day of March in the twenty-seventh year of Chongzhen, Li Zhi looked at the machine that Su Laosan was playing with, feeling a little happy.
Su Laosan is the best steam engine craftsman in Fanjiazhuang. When Li Zhi tried to make the steam engine, Su Laosan was there to help. Later, Li Zhi made steam locomotives, and Su Laosan was the chief craftsman. Later, Li Zhi continued to improve the steam locomotives, and Su Laosan became the chief craftsman.
Lao San is the director of the locomotive factory. After years of continuous research, Su Lao San has become an expert in the field of steam engines.
Although the principle of an internal combustion engine is different from that of a steam engine, they are similar in structure. Li Zhi still handed over the task to Su Laosan to trial the production of an internal combustion engine this time.
At first, Li Zhi didn't believe it when he heard that Su Laosan had made the internal combustion engine he designed. After all, it had only been six months since electric machine tools were officially put into use, and the conditions for internal combustion engine manufacturing had only just matured. As a brand-new engine,
Once successful, the product will be revolutionary.
But seeing the machine Su Laosan placed on the table, Li Zhi felt that Su Laosan had indeed made great progress.
It was a quite large machine, much larger than the car engines of later generations. Although Li Zhi could draw the structural diagram of the engine of later generations, the materials and processes of this era could not completely replicate the precision machinery of later generations. It was actually made.
The machine is relatively large, with a length and width of more than 1.5 meters, and the machine is covered with complex pipes.
Su Laosan said happily: "Your Majesty, this is the first internal combustion engine we have produced. Your Majesty, the design drawing you drew is very exquisite, but some parts cannot be made with our current craftsmanship. So we can only retreat.
Find the next best thing and try to achieve the functions of each part on the design drawing by using a compromise approach and using local methods."
Su Laosan said: "But overall, the entire machine has achieved normal operation and can output torque to the outside world."
Li Zhi nodded.
Cao Yu, who was standing aside, couldn't help but be curious and asked: "Your Majesty, what is the difference between this steam engine and an internal combustion engine?"
Su Laosan said: "General manager, the most fundamental difference between a steam engine and an internal combustion engine is that a steam engine burns fuel outside the engine to generate steam and uses the steam to drive the machine. However, an internal combustion engine directly uses fuel to burn in the cylinder, using the high temperature after the fuel is burned.
The pressure generated by the expansion drives the machine directly."
Cao Yu nodded and said: "I understand, steam engines burn coal, and internal combustion engines burn gasoline."
Su Laosan smiled and said: "General manager, not all steam engines burn coal. The steam engines used in our tanks burn gasoline. As long as the steam engine gets heat, it doesn't matter what fuel it burns."
Cao Yu thought for a while and asked: "So, the internal combustion engine needs higher pressure?"
Su Laosan shook his head and said: "General Manager, that's not the case. Our steam engines are also high-pressure steam engines now, and the internal pressure is also very high. The internal combustion engine has just been developed, and the current pressure inside the cylinder is actually not as high as our mature steam engines."
Cao Yu was silent after hearing this and asked no more questions.
Li Zhi nodded and asked: "The overall structure of this four-stroke internal combustion engine has not changed, right?"
Su Laosan said loudly: "There has been no change, Your Majesty."
Cai Huaishui next to him looked at Li Zhi's face, but couldn't help but asked: "Your Majesty, what is a four-stroke?"
Su Laosan said: "The so-called four-stroke means that the operation of the entire internal combustion engine is divided into four stages. The first is the intake stroke: the piston falls, sucking in the mixture of gasoline and air, and injecting it into the cylinder through the intake valve. Then compression
Stroke: The rising piston squeezes the cylinder inlet closed while compressing the mixture of fuel and air. Next is the ignition stroke: the mixture of fuel and air near the top of the compression stroke is ignited by the spark plug, pushing the piston down. Finally
It’s the exhaust stroke: the piston rises and the burned exhaust gases are discharged from the cylinder through the exhaust valve.”
Cao Yu understood the key immediately and asked, "How do you ignite the fuel that is sucked into the cylinder?"
Su Laosan smiled and said: "We use a spark plug to ignite. After the internal combustion engine rotates, it drives a small magnetic coil inside the cylinder to generate electricity. This current generates an increase in voltage every once in a while to cross a small gap to form a spark to ignite.
Fuel in the cylinder.”
After hearing Su Laosan's introduction, Cai Huaishui could no longer understand it more and more. He sighed in admiration and said, "This sounds very complicated."
Su Laosan said loudly: "It is indeed very complicated. With our current processing capabilities, we can only barely process it."
Li Zhi couldn't help but nodded when he heard Su Laosan's words. In fact, the four-stroke internal combustion engine was invented by German scientist Nicholas Otto in 1876, which is considered a technology in the mid-to-late nineteenth century.
The last symbol of Fanjiazhuang's industrial level was the breech-loading rifle. The mass production of breech-loading rifles took Fanjiazhuang's machine tool industry several years to reach the level of the mid-19th century. Now Fanjiazhuang's electric machine tools continue to improve and have reached
level in the mid to late nineteenth century.
Each step forward is getting more and more difficult, but it is also a remarkable leap. You must know that the second half of the 19th century was the explosive stage of scientific invention. I don’t know how many new machines and new facilities were used by more powerful and sophisticated modern times in this era.
Industrial creation. Li Zhi's machine tools have reached this level, which means that Li Zhi can gradually copy these great products.
Li Zhi nodded and said, "Okay! Start the machine and let us have a look!"
Su Laosan said loudly: "My order! Your Majesty!"
He walked up to the rather large internal combustion engine and began to turn a crank on the outside of the engine.
Before the internal combustion engine is started, there is no electricity on the spark plug. Without electricity, the fuel cannot be ignited. This requires external force to rotate the crank handle to drive the internal combustion engine to start. When Li Zhi was a child, he saw some old-fashioned trucks that also required external force to crank the handle when starting.
, that’s the truth.
Su Laosan held back all his strength, cranked the handle faster and faster, and finally started the machine.
The rotating handle rotated rapidly driven by the internal combustion engine, and almost hit Su Laosan's arm. Su Laosan pulled hard and pulled the rotating handle out of the internal combustion engine.
Black smoke began to be emitted from the chimney of the internal combustion engine, and the whole machine made a roaring sound and started running.
A wheel on the internal combustion engine tilted little by little, then turned faster and faster, and finally turned rapidly.
When Su Laosan saw that the machine he had made was successful, he smiled and said, "Look, Your Majesty!"
Li Zhi nodded and said appreciatively: "Okay! Su Laosan, you have made a great contribution!"
After thinking for a while, Li Zhi said: "Your next task is to miniaturize this machine and install it on cars and tanks!"
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