After buying soda ash, Li Zhi also needed to buy quicklime. Quicklime was the most commonly used building material in the Ming Dynasty, and there must be shops operating in Tianjin Acropolis. Li Zhi found the "barracks street" where masons gathered, and spent twenty pennies to find someone.
Lead the way to a "brick street" east of the Acropolis and buy quicklime.
Quicklime cost ten cents per catty, so Li Zhi bought a catty for experiments.
The saponification reaction requires alkali and oil. Next, you need to buy oil. In the late Ming Dynasty, soybeans were widely used to press oil, and the price was cheap. No need for anyone to guide him, Li Zhi went directly to the vegetable market near Jingbianfang and found a stall selling oil.
.
"Zhao San, give me four pounds of soybean oil."
When Zhao San, the oil seller, saw that it was Li Zhi who came to buy oil, he said with a dark face: "Your family has a lot of debt and the house is going to be taken over. Can you still afford oil? Do you still need to cook?"
Seeing that Zhao San was looking for trouble, Li Zhi scolded: "Whether my house has been taken over by others, what does it have to do with you, Zhao San? Are you not doing business anymore?"
Hearing Li Zhi's scolding, Zhao San was startled and looked Li Zhi up and down. Li Zhi had always been stupid and stupid before, and was helpless when being bullied, so Zhao San dared to bully him.
.I didn’t expect Li Zhi to become so clever today, but he started scolding himself, and Zhao San didn’t react for a while.
After being scolded once, Zhao Sancai became a little more honest and said with a dark face: "You came to buy it empty-handed, what should you use to fill it with fuel?"
Li Zhi scolded again: "Didn't you buy oil and get gourds for free? Why are you pretending to me?"
Zhao San couldn't figure out how Li Zhi had changed and become so clever. He reluctantly took out a gourd from under the stall, filled it with two kilograms of soybean oil and handed it to Li Zhi. "Thirty cents per kilogram, four kilograms for one hundred."
arts!"
"Four pounds and ninety cents, do you want to sell it? If you want to sell it, I will buy more tomorrow!"
After hearing this, Zhao San realized that Li Zhi was no longer stupid, and had really become smarter. Zhao San wanted to do business, but couldn't keep his face, so he thought about it and said with a straight face: "Then I'll give it to you."
Bar!"
Li Zhi handed over ninety cents and took the oil gourd. Then Zhao San handed the oil gourd to Li Zhi and couldn't help but ask: "Are you coming to buy it tomorrow?"
Li Zhi smiled and said: "If you make it cheaper, I will buy it every day!"
Grease is a key raw material with the largest consumption. If grease can be made cheaper, the cost of soap can be reduced a lot, which is worthy of Li Zhi's bargaining.
After hearing Li Zhi's shrewd words, Zhao San finally got into a business mood and stopped deceiving Li Zhi, saying: "If you come back tomorrow, the price will be easy to negotiate!"
Li Zhi smiled, put the gourd on his waist, and left the vegetable market.
Li Zhi returned to his yard carrying the oil gourd and two bags of raw materials. When he passed by his store, he was seen by his younger brother Li Xing. Li Xing stayed in the store for a whole day, but no one came to buy pepper. At this time,
Seeing Li Zhi come back with big bags, he couldn't help but come up and curse: "Why did you come back with so many things? And also bought gas? Do you think the money owed by your family is not enough?"
Li Zhi used to be dull and silly, and was looked down upon by his younger brother the most. Li Zhi had just traveled through time in the past few days, and was not familiar with the environment yet. He spoke little, which did not change Li Xing's impression of him. At this time, Li Xing saw Li Zhi spending money to buy a movie.
The only thing that is useless is just yelling and scolding, showing no respect for this brother.
After thinking about it, Li Xing felt that his stupid brother must have been deceived, and asked loudly: "Who asked you to buy these?"
Li Zhi was happy after buying all the ingredients, but as soon as he came back, he was scolded by Li Xing. He was so angry that he breathed out, and then said: "Li Xing, don't talk too much. Close the shop and come over to see my brother change."
I’ll show you my magical power!”
Li Xing was stunned when he heard Li Zhi's mysterious words. After a while, he cursed again: "You must have been deceived to buy so many useless things. Who taught you any 'magic powers'?"
Just tell me and I will settle the score with him!"
Hearing Li Xing's words, Li Zhi felt a few black lines popping out of his head and was really speechless. It seemed that in the eyes of his younger brother, he was a fool with no IQ and could be deceived by anyone. He wanted to change
This kind of perception really requires some effort and cannot be explained clearly in just a few words.
"I can't tell you, just sell pepper here!"
Too lazy to talk to Li Xing anymore, Li Zhi walked into the house and walked to the kitchen. Li Xing wanted to catch up to Li Zhi and let Li Zhi explain clearly, but he was afraid that there was no one to look after the store and the pepper would be stolen, so he could only go in angrily.
He punched the wall and watched Li Zhi leave.
Zheng was busy weaving and didn't notice Li Zhi coming home. Li Zhi walked into the kitchen and started trial-making the first batch of soap.
Before traveling through time, Li Zhi once designed soap for a local soap factory. That case allowed Li Zhi to fully understand the production process of the soap industry from front to back. Making soap in this era is not difficult for Li Zhi.
Although it was his first time using local methods, Li Zhi was familiar with the process and made it easily and happily.
Li Zhi found a large wooden bucket and filled it with well water. He threw eight taels of quicklime into the water. He heard a sizzling sound and the bucket of water rolled and became scalding hot.
Quicklime reacts with water to form a calcium hydroxide solution, also known as slaked lime. During the reaction, a large amount of heat is released, which heats the water in the bucket.
In this bucket of slaked lime, Li Zhi poured a pound of soda ash into it little by little. As soon as the soda ash was poured in, the bucket of water boiled like a boil, and a large amount of water vapor came out.
One of the buckets of water evaporated, covering the entire kitchen in mist. Li Zhi quickly added cold water to the bucket, which lowered the water temperature. By this time, the bucket was already turbid and he could no longer see the bottom of the bucket.
The reaction between hydrated lime calcium hydroxide and soda ash sodium carbonate produces calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. The calcium carbonate deposits cloud the bucket, and the large amount of heat released by the reaction boils the water dry.
Li Zhi let the barrel stand for a while, and the calcium carbonate gradually sank to the bottom of the barrel. The transparent sodium hydroxide solution, that is, caustic soda, floated on top of the calcium carbonate. Li Zhi used a spoon to spoon the sodium hydroxide solution to the other side little by little.
In a wooden barrel, it was filtered again with linen cloth to remove the calcium carbonate.
Leaving half of it, Li Zhi poured half of the caustic soda into the iron pot.
Putting the iron pot on the stove, Li Zhi made a fire with firewood and firewood, heated the caustic soda solution, and poured soybean oil into the pot little by little. After the soybean oil was poured in, Li Zhi used a stick to constantly stir the alkali and fat.
Saponification reaction occurs at high temperature, the grease gradually disappears, and a layer of viscous liquid forms on the upper layer of the iron pot.
After burning for a quarter of an hour, Li Zhi used a spoon to take out the liquid and inspected it. He found that there was still some grease, so he continued to add the remaining caustic soda solution. This was repeated until all the fat was consumed and there was no more grease in the viscous substance.
