The target of the test gun was set as a big tree on a hill two thousand meters away. Five gunsmiths used a musket ruler specially made for this kind of artillery to calculate the amount of gunpowder and tore open the one-pound bag of gunpowder.
Charge the artillery. Then the gunsmith pounded the gunpowder with wood, put in the solid shells, and pounded it again. After completing the loading, the gunsmith used a moment to measure the straight-line distance from the target to the artillery, and used a gun gauge to measure the elevation angle, and then adjusted
The angle of the cannon. Then a small amount of gunpowder was poured into the ignition point at the rear end of the cannon as the firing powder. Then the gunsmiths all stood on both sides. Cao Yu, the foreman, installed a match rope on the ignition point and prepared to launch.
The gunsmiths had spent two minutes finishing this task. If it was the second launch, the gun carriage would have to be reset, the barrel cleaned and the barrel cooled before charging, which would take even more time. Li Zhi heard this before
It was said that the best gunners in Europe in the seventeenth century could only fire twenty rounds an hour. Now watching the gunsmiths test-firing, Li Zhi knew that this statement was true.
Ready to launch, Li Zhi gave the order, and Cao Yu lit the match.
The match rope burned, igniting the gunpowder in the cannon barrel. There was only a roar like thunder, and the cannon spit out a tongue of flame forward, shaking the round iron solid shell. The cannonball drew an arc in the air and went straight into the distance.
The target flew away, and finally hit the target tree more than ten meters away, breaking another big tree.
The crowd of onlookers thought that the artillery hit the target, and they all cheered and cheered loudly!
The army of the Selected Front Army is strictly disciplined and will not do any harm to the people. It will only protect the people of Fanjiazhuang. The stronger Li Zhi's force is, the safer Fanjiazhuang will be. The people really hope that these cannons will hit the target accurately.
After testing the solid bullets, the five gunsmiths started testing the shotgun shells again.
A shotgun shell is a cylinder. The projectile is cylindrical in appearance. The shell is a thin iron sheet. The bottom is a wooden chamber piece. The projectile is filled with small iron projectiles.
After the artillery fires, the rifling fragments at the bottom of the shotshell push the projectile forward. The moment the projectile leaves the barrel, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the gun is huge, and the shell of the projectile cannot withstand it. It then breaks, and the projectile inside shoots out, forming a round pancake-shaped barrage in the space. This
A barrage will gradually spread out, passing through a conical space with the muzzle as the fixed point, and strafing the target in this conical space.
Against soldiers at close range, shotguns are extremely powerful.
Li Zhi had a hundred scarecrows erected and placed densely one hundred meters away from the artillery, so that the artillery could test fire.
The five gunsmiths cleaned the barrels of the cannons, loaded them with gunpowder and shotgun shells, and lit the matches. There was only a loud roar, and hundreds of small projectiles scattered and flew towards the scarecrows at high speed, beating the scarecrows into pieces.
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Li Zhi sent people to check, and finally found that thirty scarecrows had been shot. If a person was hit by the shotgun, he would be seriously injured even if he was not dead, and he would immediately lose his combat effectiveness. This result made Li Zhi very satisfied. It can be imagined that if
How lethal can such shotguns be when fired against rogue thieves and Dongnu?
The five gunsmiths were loyal to their duties and made qualified artillery. Li Zhi announced on the spot that the five gunsmiths would be relieved of their slave status and join the craftsmen's household in Fanjiazhuang.
"From now on, you will cast cannons specifically for me. I will earn three taels of silver every month, and you can also eat three meals a day in the cafeteria, including meat and vegetables."
The five gunsmiths experienced countless ups and downs and finally regained their status recognized by the government. When they heard that they would still have three taels of monthly money, they burst into tears, were so excited that they could not speak, and knelt on the ground with a thud.
"Thank you, officials!"
"Thank you, official!"
"The official family is like the reborn parents of the five of us!"
Li Zhi smiled and went up to help the five craftsmen.
The six-pound cannon was finalized, and Li Zhi asked five gunsmiths to start mass-producing six-pound cannons according to this standard. Now these gunsmiths can cast one cannon in three days and ten in a month.
On April 10, Li Zhi's glass kiln was ready.
There are six crucibles arranged in the glass cellar. Cai Huaishui hired a specialized crucible craftsman to burn them with the best porcelain clay. After the glass kiln was ignited, the crucibles burned in the kiln for two days. They burned white hot, and then Li Zhi put the raw materials into the crucible.
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Li Zhi used the first furnace as a test and placed slightly different raw materials in different crucibles: some crucibles only had soda ash, limestone and quartz, some crucibles had different ratios of these three main raw materials, and some crucibles added
A little borax, and some add a little feldspar to see which formula produces the best glass in the end.
Thanks to Cai Huaishui, Li Zhi knew where to buy ingredients such as borax and feldspar.
Speaking of which, making glass is quite troublesome:
Saltpeter should be added to the heated glass water to make the colorless glass appear green because it contains trace amounts of iron. Among them, divalent iron is especially green, while trivalent iron is not significantly green. After Li Zhi added saltpeter, the divalent iron will turn divalent.
Iron is oxidized to ferric iron, and the glass becomes colorless and transparent.
Not only that, the glass also needs to be clarified after it is fired. A clarifier, such as salt, must be added to the hot glass liquid. The clarifier will volatilize when heated to form large bubbles. When these large bubbles rise, they bring out small bubbles, which can make the glass
Bubbles are reduced and therefore clarified.
Li Zhi's furnace design was very successful. It took one day to burn all six pots of raw materials into hot glass liquid. After the glass liquids entered the annealing channels for annealing, Li Zhi checked the quality of the glass test products and found that borax was added to the third crucible.
The transparency of the glass was the best, so he found the optimal formula. In the second furnace of glass, Li Zhi fine-tuned the optimal formula found in the first furnace until he found a more perfect formula, then gave up and started making the finished product.
In the third furnace of glass, Li Zhi began to use a molding machine to mold glass products. Li Zhi used wrought iron to make a molding machine, and applied a layer of charcoal powder mixed with tung oil on the molding machine to prevent the mold from adhering to the glass. A crucible of glass
After the liquid is poured into the annealing channel and cooled down, some glass liquid is poured into the casting mold. The craftsmen press the mold press to force the glass liquid to form in the molding machine. After the glass in the molding machine cools down, a round glass cup is made.
Out.
The transparent glass was made and looked very beautiful when placed on the table, exuding a luster that should not belong to this era. Cai Huaishui exclaimed that it was magical and followed Li Zhi excitedly, looking left and right.
"My boss, it's done! It's done! Now I can marry Cui'er!"
The five craftsmen who helped him were also full of surprise, and looked at Li Zhi with admiration in their eyes.
Glass is an absolute luxury in this era. The craftsmen have never seen such a large transparent glass. If you put it on the market, you will definitely get a good price.
However, Li Zhi picked up the glass and took a closer look, and found that there were still some bubbles in the wall of the glass. These bubbles not only hindered the appearance, but also made the glass fragile and easy to break.
Li Zhi thought about it and felt that the clarification work was not done thoroughly.
Li Zhi was determined to get rid of these bubbles, so he added more salt to a new pot of hot glass liquid. After adding more salt, the bubbles decreased, but the entire glass liquid was emulsified, making the resulting glass less durable.
No matter how transparent it was, it became like the frosted glass of later generations, which disappointed Li Zhi.
Li Zhi thought for a long time and decided to maintain the original amount of salt and increase the stirring process! He asked a blacksmith to make dozens of iron rods, and asked the craftsmen to continuously stir the hot glass liquid in the crucible before the glass liquid cooled, and the glass was heated
Stir the foam in the liquid as much as possible, then add salt as a clarifier.
After adding the stirring program, Li Zhi directed the craftsmen to pour out the pot of glass and mold it. After the new glass was made, Li Zhi was pleasantly surprised to find that the bubbles were basically gone. He got a crystal clear round-bottomed glass.
Looking at this completely transparent and almost colorless glass, Li Zhi felt that the silver was waving to him.
Thanks to Mucha Qingwei for the 1000 tip, thank you very much! Thanks to 1753, the cesium hydroxides for the 100 tip
