Wang Shi, who was proficient in "The Book of Changes", "The Book of Songs" and "The Book of Rites", was known as the greatest Confucian in Guanzhong. He was originally a doctor of Taixue. He was appreciated by Fu Jian for his erudition and talent. He was worshiped as Taichang Cheng, the fifth rank, and was in charge of the Di Qin Taixue and various departments.
In the assessment and recommendation of county and county schools, as well as officials, Fu Jian attached great importance to Confucian education, and officials who could not pass the Confucian classics would be demoted to serve the people, so the status of Wang Shi was particularly respected.
Wang Shi heard that Chen Caozhi was going to debate the Five Classics with the Taixue doctors present, and his tone was loud and obviously provocative. Wang Shi frowned slightly and turned to look at the other eleven doctors, who all showed their faces.
With dissatisfied expressions, they all looked at Wang Shi, but Wang Shi was the only one who looked straight ahead.
Wang Shi said in a low voice: "This young envoy from Jin despises my Qin students. He wants to challenge us alone. Your Majesty is here in person. How can we give up?"
Wei Rang, a white-haired Doctor of Rites, suppressed his hoarse and low voice and said: "This boy is arrogant and arrogant. I'll wait until I teach him what it means to be gentle, courteous, thrifty and humble!"
Wei Rang was nearly seventy years old. He was a master of classics and studied the "Book of Rites" carefully. It was most suitable for him to teach Chen Caozhi. Wang Shi nodded and greeted Fu Jian and said: "Your Majesty, Dr. Wei will talk to Chen Caozhi first."
Envoy, let's debate the "Book of Rites". Since Envoy Chen relies on his erudition and wants to quarrel with the Confucian scholars of the Qin Dynasty, we, the doctors of the Five Classics, should learn from Envoy Chen one by one."
Fu Jian looked at Chen Caozhi, and Chen Caozhi said calmly: "Guanzhong is the birthplace of Yan and Huang, a land of abundance, with outstanding people and places. I have come from thousands of miles away from Jiangdong to promote good relations between the two countries, and I am also willing to seek advice from Guanzhong's great scholars and sages."
Wei Rang, a gray-faced and white-haired doctor in the Book of Rites, said loudly: "Since Chen Envoy dares to speak so loudly about the Five Classics, who can he study under?"
Chen Cao's way: "I have been educated by my father and brother since I was a child. When I grew up, I studied under Mr. Ge Zhichuan and Dr. Xu Zao."
Wei Rang asked: "Does Ge Zhichuan understand the Five Classics?"
Chen Cao said: "Master Ge is as knowledgeable as the ocean, not limited to the study of the Five Classics!"
Wei Rang curled his lips and sneered, but asked: "Has Chen Envoy learned all Ge Zhichuan's knowledge?"
Chen Cao said: "One hundred is not as good as one."
Wei Rang said "Oh": "How dare you challenge me, Doctor of the Five Classics, at Da Qin Taixue!"
Chen Caozhi smiled lightly: "It's okay, I'm just asking for advice."
Wei Rang said: "Since you have not yet mastered Ge Zhichuan's knowledge, why did you switch to Dr. Xu?"
This old man relies on his old age and is a bit crooked. Chen Cao said: "Dr. Wei, today is a question about the Five Classics. There is no need to ask more about my personal affairs. I wonder what classics Dr. Wei knows?"
Wei Rang said: "I have no ambitions. I specialize in studying "Book of Rites". "Book of Rites. Learning Notes" says, 'In the way of learning, it is difficult for the teacher to be strict. If the teacher is strict, then the Tao will be respected. After the Tao is respected, the people will know and respect the learner.'
, Ambassador Chen suddenly studied under the Taoist Ge Zhichuan, and now studied under the doctor Xu Zao, wouldn't it violate the etiquette of respecting teachers and respecting Taoism?"
Chen Caozhi said with a smile: "The sage Wuchang Master, Confucius once taught Tanzi, Chang Hong, Xiang, and Lao Dan, why not transfer to Yiduo Master?"
Wei Rang was expected to be speechless, but unexpectedly the white-haired old man was filled with indignation and said: "How dare you compare yourself to a saint!"
Chen Caozhi secretly shook his head: "What kind of good students can such a pedantic doctor teach?" He said loudly: "Confucius said, 'If three people are walking together, there must be my teacher.' The saint is so eager to learn, how can we lag behind? Is it because I am eager to learn now?
You are more arrogant than a saint! Teacher, so I preach and receive karma to resolve doubts. People are not born with knowledge. How can I be without doubts? He was born in front of me, and he heard the Tao before me. I followed him to learn from him. He was born in me.
Later, when he heard about the Tao, he came to me first, so I learned from him. I learned the Tao, and I don’t know how many years ago he was born in me. There are successive generations of people who heard the Tao, and there are specialties in the arts, that’s all.”
The implication of Chen Caozhi's words is that Wei Rang should not rely on his old age and don't think that he is knowledgeable when he is old. A young man can still be your old man's teacher. Wei Rang couldn't hear it and was very angry. Chen Caozhi couldn't argue with this.
Knowing the merits and demerits based on his knowledge, he immediately chose the difficult and difficult points in "Xiao Dai Li Ji" to ask Chen Caozhi questions. In order to stump Chen Caozhi, Chen Caozhi answered casually, with subtle analysis and clear logic.
Wei Rang asked questions one after another, but Chen Caozhi was not troubled. He twirled his white beard with his hand, searched his dry intestines, and was about to ask again, but Chen Caozhi smiled and said: "Dr. Wei, is your mouth dry? Please take a rest, and I will ask.
It’s difficult.”
Chen Caozhi was not Wei Rang's Ph.D. disciple, so Wei Rang kept asking questions. Wei Rang blushed and said in a loud voice: "Please ask Ambassador Chen."
Chen Caozhi took out something from his big sleeve, Fu Jian, and Wang Meng thought it was the jade Ruyi commonly used by Jin people in conversation. Unexpectedly, Chen Caozhi moved his right hand slightly, and made a "swish" sound, forming a fan shape. The hand and the fan handle were the same white, and lightly
Shaking lightly, his mind relaxed, he slowly asked: "There are three roots of ritual: heaven and earth, the foundation of nature; ancestors, the foundation of species; monarch and teacher, the foundation of governance. I would like to ask Dr. Wei, how can the monarch be able to
Is it the root of the cure?"
Wei Rang stared at it for a long time and said flatly: "This is not the text of the Book of Rites!"
Chen Caozhi also showed a surprised expression and said: "Dr. Wei is a doctor of the Book of Rites. Even though he focuses on the "Book of Rites of Little Dai", has he never read the "Book of Rites of Great Dai"!
Wei Rang blushed again and said forcefully: "Since Zheng Kangcheng, the Book of Rites listed in the Five Classics refers to the "Book of Rites of Little Dai". Learning is more important than specialization, but I don't know if I don't read "Book of Rites of Great Dai".
Why not!"
Chen Caozhi shook his head and said: "The eighty-five chapters of "Dadai Liji", including "The Princes Moved to the Temple", "The Princes Challenged the Temple", "Chao Shi", "Gongfu" and other chapters record the rituals of the princes, which can be supplemented.
The gap in "Rituals" is corroborated with "The Book of Rites of Xiao Dai", which shows that Dr. Wei only knew about the rituals of the pre-Qin scholars but did not know about the big ones, which goes against the purpose of the ancient sages to love learning."
Wei Rang's face was full of shame. He really couldn't afford to lose face in front of Qin Lord Fu Jian and all the students in the hall. He was waiting to protest again when he heard Wang Shi, Taichang Cheng and Doctor of the Book of Changes, say in a low voice: "Dr. Wei, please rest a little.
Let Dr. Xue argue with him."
Dr. Xue is a doctor of Shangshu, so he immediately questioned Chen Cao based on "Shangshu. Book of the Western Zhou Dynasty".
Empress Dowager Gou and her aunt and nephew, who were sitting and listening to the argument, both paid attention to Chen Caozhi. Seeing this handsome man from the far east Jiangdong gently swinging his folding fan and looking suave, Empress Dowager Gou thought to herself: "It's really amazing. This Chen Caozhi
Isn't Cao Zhi known as Jiangzuo Wei Jie? I thought he should be a weak and beautiful man, otherwise why would I look at killing Wei Jie? Unexpectedly, Chen Cao Zhi is not weak at all, and is elegant and handsome, but also has a strong posture. Look at him sitting
It is as tall and tall as a tree there, and has the beauty of a lush green cage. The men in Guanzhong are either rude or stupid, or they are as elegant as prostitutes. There has never been such a handsome and handsome man!"
Queen Mother Gou was in a swaying mood, her eyes passed over the face of General Wei Li Wei, and she thought to herself: "Li Wei was also very handsome when he was young, but he looks old now."
Queen Mother Gou couldn't understand the argument between Chen Caozhi and Dr. Xue. She could only see that Dr. Xue's forehead had veins popping out during the argument, while Chen Caozhi waved his fan gently and responded calmly. It was clear at a glance whether he was superior or superior.
Dr. Xue searched all he had learned and could not succumb to Chen Caozhi. In a panic, he regarded Yang Xiong's "Dharma Statement" as Confucius's argument to refute Chen Caozhi. Chen Caozhi keenly picked it out. Dr. Xue was greatly ashamed.
It's boring to argue any longer, so I retreat silently.
Although Fu Jian was benevolent and generous, his face was not very good now. Dr. Liji and Dr. Shangshu had been defeated. Could it be that Chen Caozhi wanted to sweep away the Qin Imperial Academy on his own?
Fu Jian looked at Wang Meng. Wang Meng twisted his beard and smiled without saying a word.
More than a hundred students in the hall are now silent. Dr. Wei is known for his strictness, and Dr. Xue is known for his literacy, but now they can't argue with Chen Caozhi, the Jin envoy. Now Chen Caozhi gives these Di Qin students a feeling of shock.
There were three Spring and Autumn Doctors from Imperial College of the Qin Dynasty, who were responsible for the "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan", "Chun Qiu Gong Yang Zhuan" and "Chun Qiu Gu Liang Biography" respectively. Wang Shi asked Dr. Liang, who was proficient in "Zuo Shi Chunqiu", to ask Chen Caozhi, and the two sides discussed the matter. "In the fifth year of Duke Xi's reign, the Marquis of Jin came to Yu to conquer Guo, and the palace gave a strange advice. Duke Yu said, 'I enjoy the abundance and cleanness of sacrifices, and the gods will take possession of me.'" A fierce debate ensued, and Chen Caozhi learned a lot about Zuo Zhuan. In the past year, I have spent day and night with Xie Daoyun, who is a poet in the field of taxation. I have always argued with each other and become more astute. I quoted "Warring States Policy", "The Analects of Confucius", "Guanzi", "Mozi", "Historical Records. Fengchan Shu", eloquent and eloquent. , Dr. Liang has almost nothing to say, so how can he argue with Chen Caozhi!
Dr. Chunqiu was no match for Chen Caozhi. Wang Shi frowned. The only remaining Five Classics were the Zhouyi and the Book of Songs. Wang Shi knew very well that in Guanzhong, no one could surpass him in Yi and Shi. This "Book of Songs" He should be the one to argue with Chen Caozhi in the Book of Changes and the Book of Songs, but now Wang Shi is a little afraid of the difficulty. Chen Caozhi's calm and calm demeanor has given him great oppression. He is the first Confucian scholar in Di Qin and the master of Qin. Fu Jian was on a high seat again. If he couldn't argue with Chen Caozhi, he would lose all face.
Wang Shiqing coughed and was about to let Dr. Yang, who was in charge of the Book of Songs, argue with Chen Caozhi when he heard Fu Jian say in a deep voice: "Taichang Cheng, Wang Shi, is arguing with Chen Caozhi. No matter whether he wins or loses, as long as it is wonderful, I will have it." reward."
Wang Shi listened to Fu Jian's appointment, so he had to cheer up, and said to Chen Caozhi: "Wang is willing to discuss poetry and debate the Yi with Chen Envoy." This is the "Book of Songs", and the "Book of Changes" came together.
Chen Caozhi returned the courtesy and said, "Dr. Wang, please come up with a question."
Wang Shi wanted to take the initiative and said, "Envoy Chen is coming from afar. I must be polite and ask Envoy Chen first."
Chen Cao smiled and asked, "Xi Ci says, 'One yin and one yang are called Tao.' What does it mean?"
Wang Shi replied: "It is called Dao in terms of reason, unity in terms of teachings, nothingness in terms of substance, spirit in terms of subtlety and unpredictability, and change in response to opportunities."
Wang Shi's answer was satisfactory, and those Dr. Di Qin all praised him in order to build momentum.
Chen Caozhi asked with a smile: "Does Dr. Wang also like Lao Zhuang Xuanyan?"
Fu Jian strictly prohibited Lao Zhuang's prophecy learning, and the offenders abandoned the market. When Wang Shi heard this, his face immediately turned red and he said angrily: "Chen Envoy, don't talk nonsense. I am just explaining Yi, so what does it have to do with Lao Zhuang!" "
Chen Cao's Tao: "Ruan Sizong's "Tong Laozi Lun" says, 'Tao is natural. The Book of Changes calls it Tai Chi, the Spring and Autumn Annals calls it Yuan, and Laozi calls it Tao.' Isn't it the same as what Dr. Wang said? Connected?"