When the shuofeng came, Meng Dong saw the scenery depressing and everything was empty. In the eastern suburb of Shangcai in early October, there were a few more carriages on this day. Zhang Han and Qin Mo Chengshang rode in carriages, while Heifu rode on horseback. Under the protection of hundreds of soldiers, they left
After arriving at the camp, head east.
The charioteer drove the car very slowly, allowing Army Commander Zhang Han to carefully observe the surrounding terrain. When he reached a certain area, Zhang Han shouted: "Stop!"
When setting up camp, it is important to choose a place, and the same goes for building forts. Heifu saw that there was a marsh on the left, a spring on the right, and a dangerous hill on the back. However, the view to the east was very flat, with roads passing by, and trees a few miles away.
The grassland is used for woodworking and grazing, and it can be said to be a land prepared for all directions.
Heifu took a look and then said: "Isn't this the eastern suburbs that Captain Li mentioned? I heard that in those days several people, including Ting Wei and his son, often led yellow dogs to chase cunning rabbits here. It is indeed suitable for setting up camps and building forts."
The work of building barriers that needs to be done now is also Zhang Han's "department of military editors".
The "Ji" in "Chun Jun Ji" means An Ji, which means that after the fort is built, the army will not be afraid of sneak attack or force attack by the enemy, and the army can be stationed with peace of mind; the construction tasks will be distributed fairly and reasonably, so that chaos and conflicts will not occur.
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While talking, Zhang Han also got out of the car with everyone, and began to carry out construction measurements on the endless Shangcai Plain, holding accurate tools, rules, rules, ropes and other tools.
Zhang Han raised the "quasi" with a heavy object hanging down, got out of the car and tried to level it, comparing the difference in height between the terrain. Cheng Shang, on the other hand, pulled the walking rope and carefully measured step by step on the ground. There was another person beside him.
A clerk is recording the distance.
As for the "rule", it is a tool for correcting circles, and the "rectangle" is a tool for drawing squares, that is, a curved ruler. Zhang Han and Qin Mo have made many tricks with this simple tool, which can not only determine the level, but also measure the height and height.
It can measure depth, distance, and draw circles and squares. It can also measure the height, distance, and size of objects depending on the position when used. As for the error, it all depends on the experience of the operator.
Seeing the curious look on Hei Fu's face, Zhang Han also explained: "It is said that when Yu the Great was controlling the floods, he traveled by car on land, by boat on water, and by sled on mud. When traveling in the mountains, he rode on a horse, with a standard rope on the left and a rule on the right, carrying four lines.
To open up the nine states and connect the nine roads."
Although this is a legend, most people in the world attribute the tools invented by skilled craftsmen to the Holy King. In this way, it took them half a day to measure the length of the fortification, and every hundred steps, they also deepened the blackened wooden poles.
Insert deep into the ground as a marker.
After returning to the camp in the evening, Zhang Han asked several planners who were proficient in arithmetic to calculate the project quantities with the data measured today so that they could be assigned to the civilian brigades for construction.
Heifu was lucky enough to see the dazzling engineering quantity calculations in this era.
I saw a large number of calculation chips placed on the ground in the open space of the camp. This thing was no stranger to Hei Fu, because the Qin State stipulated that local officials must prepare calculation chips to meet unexpected needs. Mathematics is one of the six arts of a gentleman in the Spring and Autumn Period.
The necessary skills for Qin officials are to be local officials, to farm, to lose corn, and to pay taxes. They must perform a large number of numerical calculations. If a person does not know how to count, he is not even qualified to be a food-fighting official!
In Xianyang and county towns, there are also special "calculators" who calculate the household registration, taxes, land reclamation, money grain, thieves, prison lawsuits, etc. in each county every year, and borrow money to evaluate performance, which is called Shangji. These people are equivalent to future generations.
The daily work of accountants is to deal with numbers. Accountants are also recruited during wartime as specialized talents and as assistants to military commanders or military officials (logistics officers). They help measure the height of hillsides and measure the depth of rivers.
Coordinate the baggage and corn supplies, and regulate the number of divisions and brigade.
At the moment, the planners were sitting in the tent, sweating profusely, fiddling with their calculations. Hei Fu went over to take a look, and found that what they were calculating was "Today there is a chasm, which is one foot, six feet and three inches wide at the top, and one foot, six feet and three inches wide at the bottom."
Zhang, the depth is six feet and three inches, and the area is thirteen feet, two feet and one inch. How much does it accumulate? The result is 766 feet, and the unearthed work is one-fifth of it, and the fixed work is 612 feet and four-fifths of a foot.
Ask the question "Using Geometry?"
Although the planners quickly fiddled with their calculations, in Heifu's view, it was still very complicated and troublesome.
Zhang Han did not feel this way. Instead, he said with a smile: "In the past, it was more complicated to calculate the earthwork and the number of people. Fortunately, there was an official in charge of books in the Yushi Mansion. He built city walls, dug ditches, and built warehouses based on the past.
While waiting for the actual project, he wrote an article "Shang Gong" and handed it to the Shaofu. From then on, when it came to calculating the number of disciples needed to build the earthwork for the fort, all he had to do was put the numbers into the algorithm he had set...
"
The so-called Shang Gong is a method of measuring volume and calculating engineering labor. Zhang Han also showed Heifu the volume of "Shang Gong" that he carried with him. Each part is divided into problems, solutions, and formulas.
Heifu took a look and thought it looked familiar. Isn't this the Nine Chapters of Arithmetic?
"Shaorong, is the official you are talking about named Zhang Cang?"
"Oh?" Zhang Han was a little surprised: "The commander also knows Zhang Cang?"
"Xunzi, a distinguished disciple of Lanling, has heard about it for a long time."
Heifu smiled and said: "Moreover, I went on a tour of Huhu in Yangwu County, Dang County two years ago. I met Zhang Cang's two uncles, Zhang Fu and Zhang Bo, and heard about Zihu's deeds from their mouths.
, I never thought that he is so talented!"
"This is natural. Zhang Zihu has learned everything and knows everything."
Zhang Cang is Li Si's younger brother and can be considered a member of the "Li Si Party". As an official in the Shaofu, many things involve precise calculations. Zhang Han often dealt with Zhang Cang and told an interesting thing about Zhang Cang:
"When Zhang Cang first came to work in the Yushi Mansion, the Yushi doctor was not happy to see that he was fat and white, and it was inconvenient to even move around. He pointed at his round belly and asked, what was in it? Zhang Zihu didn't think so.
Sorry, I just patted my belly and laughed and said, what’s inside is full of knowledge and knowledge!”
"The imperial censor is also a talented person with a wealth of knowledge. He immediately asked Zhang Cang some questions and he answered them all. There were even some obscure classics that even the censor had never read, so he asked him to take charge of the storage room.
Pictures and books. Zhang Cang loves books as much as his life. He often brings some dry food and sits among the piles of slips for several days. Now I am afraid that he will have to read all the books collected by Han, Zhao, Wei, and Yan from the Yushi Mansion.
Everyone said that his belly is getting fatter and fatter, maybe he wants to put all the knowledge in the world into it?"
Thinking of that extremely smart but increasingly fat guy, Zhang Han couldn't help but laugh: "When I go to Xianyang later, I will know what kind of person he is!"
"must!"
Hei Fu was amazed in his heart. Most people just study hard, but Zhang Cang not only has a wide range of knowledge, but can also turn what he has learned into practical applications. This is amazing.
He took another look at the planners who were quickly playing with their calculations, and said to himself: "If there were vertical arithmetic for Arabic numerals and an abacus, the calculation of these engineering quantities should be much faster."
However, Heifu did not rashly offer the treasure. In fact, he only had the mathematics level of a junior high school student with that knowledge, and it would be of little use to teach it to ordinary people. He thought that when he arrived in Xianyang in the future, he would find an opportunity to reveal it to Zhang Cang. I wonder if he could give it to this era.
Bring about a mathematical revolution?
…
After calculating the amount of work, Zhang Han assigned work to the 10,000 Nanjun civilians assigned to him. They were responsible for the construction of the three-mile barrier. Therefore, throughout early October, the outer suburbs of Shangcai became a large construction site, with loess filling the sky.
, thousands of people walked away from home...
The wall was built using the same block-building method that Heifu had participated in in Anlu County. Thousands of other people skillfully used tools to cut down the forest trees near Shangcai, and sawed them into pieces after the branches were removed.
, and finally nailed together to form wooden boards. When the board was filled with soil, the peasants would pick up the heavy ramming pestle and smash it against the loose ripe soil! The enthusiastic sound of chanting shook the whole place, basically every day.
Build the layers up to the top.
Leaders like Heifu and others, along with their soldiers, were waiting outside the construction site fully armed to deal with the Chu army's attack that might come at any time.
"Isn't this a way to lure enemies?"
On the border between Qin and Chu, tens of thousands of Qin troops protected tens of thousands of civilians in construction. They were ready for battle at all times, just because they were afraid that the Chu army would not come.
Chu's cavalry sentries were also watching this scene from a distance, but the main army never dared to attack rashly, because Xiang Yan knew that this might be a trap set by Wang Jian for him.
A few days later, a thick earth wall with a height of more than ten feet appeared out of thin air in the eastern suburb of Shangcai. Where he had previously inserted poles every hundred steps, Zhang Han also urged the people to build taller and stronger turrets.
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It was at this moment that an accident happened...
Zhang Han led people to test the strength of a newly rammed turret. However, after more than ten people carried wooden piles and hit it hard several times, there were signs of cracking! And a large number of soil clods fell off!
"If the Chu army comes to attack, how can this turret be used to defend against the enemy? It will definitely become a gap for the enemy to break through, and the embankment of a thousand miles will be destroyed in an ant nest!"
"Everyone who builds this turret will be whipped ten times, then torn down and rebuilt!"
Zhang Han gave the Sikong official in charge of this section a hard look and said that if he happens again for the second time, he will behead the person responsible and the rest will also die!
The Sikong clerk was obedient, and Zhang Han said to Heifu with some distress: "The censor requested that the turrets must be as hard as the Guanzhong walls and indestructible, but it took a long time to build them. The current construction period is only more than ten days.
In a hurry, it may be difficult to ram it. Furthermore, the quality of the soil is directly related to the strength of the turrets of the fortress. It is better if the soil is fine but not loose, oily but not dry, and bright but not dark. But Shang Cai's soil is better.
It’s just average, far less useful than Guanzhong loess…”
These days, Cai's forest coverage rate is relatively high, and there is a lot of humus in the soil. It is indeed difficult to guarantee the quality of using such soil to ram the turrets nearby.
Zhang Han decided to have people dig out dry, loose loess from a distance to build the turrets. Only in this way can the quality be guaranteed. Hei Fu rolled his eyes and gave Zhang Han an idea.
"Shaorong, in Anlu Village in Nan County, there is a local method used to repair houses. After drying, it is extremely hard. Not only does it remain unchanged by water, even iron nails are difficult to drive in! After hundreds of years of wind and rain, it is still intact!"
After saying that, he was afraid that Zhang Han wouldn't believe it, so he took out his sister-in-law and took the blame: "My sister-in-law, Citron, is not only proficient in carpentry, but has also repaired houses using this method."
"Is there such a way?" Zhang Han was immediately interested and asked Heifu to explain in detail.
Hei Fu smiled and said that this was a common method for building houses in rural areas in his previous life. It was not popular in this era. He pointed to the tributary of Ru River flowing not far away: "It is very simple, and the materials are not hard to find. With common loess,
In addition, the fired mirage ash and river sand are mixed and rammed, and it is called Sanhe soil!"