Therefore, "Although the dock workers' guild also does evil things, in my opinion, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Especially when the guild deals with individual workers, it is for the sake of the workers in the guild and for the sake of its own people, and it should not be harshly criticized."
Yun continued: "As for the machinists in the silk reeling factory and the textile factory, they are all women. It is impossible for dock workers to suppress individual workers. It is difficult for a union to be useful. As a father, I think you are wrong. Women can also stop other women.
It’s not about stopping men from working. There are not many women willing to work as machinists now, so why do factories dare to fire them all? As long as there are people organizing, unions can also be useful.”
After saying this, Yun glanced at Wen Yuan. Seeing that Wen Yuan had no intention of speaking, he continued: "The fourth is to modify the "Da Ming Law". The word "modification" is actually not very appropriate. The method is to modify the original
The "Da Ming Code" is divided into three parts, namely "Criminal Code", "Civil Code" and "Shang Code". The content of "Criminal Code" is to punish criminal acts. As for what is a crime, it refers to committing heinous crimes.
, killing, wounding, stealing, robbery and other things. However, if it is theft and the amount stolen is not large, it is not considered a crime and is not dealt with by the "Criminal Law". Specifically, what is considered a crime and what is not a crime
, there will be exact provisions in the Criminal Code.”
"The "Civil Code" is a legal order for dealing with civil disputes other than crimes. Most of the things that people encounter are judged in accordance with the "Civil Code". After the punishment is divided into civilians, civil disputes that do not involve crimes will no longer be
When a penalty is imposed, there will no longer be punishments such as beating the board or publicizing the name, but only compensation. As for the "Business Law", it specifically stipulates the laws and regulations that merchants must follow when doing business, and how to impose penalties when disputes occur between merchants.
"
When it comes to the last article, when the "Da Ming Code" was divided into three parts, Yun was actually very excited. The indiscriminate treatment of criminals and civilians was an important issue in the ancient Chinese legal system. Until modern times, civil disputes would be punished.
According to the "Regulations of the Qing Dynasty", which is the most well-preserved and has the most relevant information in later generations, those who fail to pay their debts will be punished with "10 floggings in three months for violations of more than 5 taels, and one level will be added for each month. The penalty for crimes is 40.50 taels."
Those who violate the contract above will be punished by twenty, and those who violate the contract by more than one hundred taels will be punished by fifty, and the principal and profit will be returned to the owner." "Tang Code" also stipulates: "All debts that violate the contract will not be paid, and more than one horse that violates the contract will be punished by two.
On the tenth day, twenty floggings will be given; on the 20th, one level will be added; on the 20th day, one level will be added, and sixty canes will be used to punish sins. Thirty pieces will be added to the second level, and one hundred pieces will be added to the third level, and each order will be compensated."
Of course, this approach protects the rights of creditors, but it is a nightmare for debtors. Twenty spanks can kill a person, and even if the government officials don’t beat them to death, they will not be able to get out of bed for several days. In ancient times,
If a strong laborer is unable to work for a few days every month, and this continues for several months, it will lead to a ruined family, which is detrimental to social stability. Of course, the reason why Yuan wants to divide the punishment and the people is not only to maintain social stability, but also to maintain social stability.
The important reason is that this will affect the development of industry and commerce. In order to promote business development and maintain social stability, we just take this opportunity to divide the criminals and the civilians.
As for "Business Law", when Yun said these two words, what came to mind were Napoleon's words: "My real glory does not lie in winning more than forty battles. Waterloo will erase people's understanding of these battles."
memory; but there is one thing that will never be forgotten, it will last forever.'
Of course, the "Commercial Code" formulated by Yun Yun will not be so great, because it has to adapt to the current level of commercial development and social atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty, but as a replacement for the "French Commercial Code" to become the world's first specialized commercial law code, it will definitely last forever.
Going down the annals of history, no matter which country one comes from, anyone who studies the history of legal system or commercial history will study "Shang Lv".
"Dad, do you have any other measures?" Yunzheng was thinking, and Wen Yuan asked.
"Father has no other solution." Yun came back to his senses and said.
"In this case, the son wants to ask questions." Wenyuan said: "First of all, it is to encourage craftsmen to transform into workshop owners or mechanics. There is no need to mention mechanics. The son mainly has some doubts about workshop owners. The father said to let them
They jointly opened small factories and borrowed money from banks to buy machinery and raw materials, but how to prevent them from being exploited at high profits? When it was first implemented, people were watching from top to bottom. Banks may not dare to disobey the court's orders, but after a while, they may not
Already."
"In addition, even if they all jointly open small workshops, or all work as machinists, the people who originally opened the workshops can expand their scale to accept so many machinists, but the production efficiency of the workshops is far higher than that of the craftsmen of each household. Silk, satin, cloth
The output will definitely increase greatly. Who will sell so much increased silk and cloth? How can we sell it? This is my son's first question."
"My son's second question is about trade unions. Of course my son thinks trade unions are good, but how to organize them? Is it necessary to set up a special yamen in the court to guide various industries to establish trade unions? My son thinks this may not be a good idea.
But if we don’t, unionization will be very slow.”
"My son's third question is about dividing the "Da Ming Code" into three parts and establishing "Criminal Code", "Civil Code" and "Shang Code" respectively. After dividing the criminal code into two parts, the debtor will not
Being banished and exiled again can prevent people from breaking up their families, which is of some benefit; but what if a certain family has money but cannot pay back its debts? Nowadays, they can be banished or even exiled, but they are afraid of the government and dare not not pay it back; if they cannot
It’s broken, what should I do with it?”
"In addition, my son feels that it is unnecessary to establish a separate "Shang Code". The "Shang Code" does not have many articles and can be completely included in the "Civil Code", so there is no need to establish it separately."
"The above are my son's doubts. I would like to ask my father to clarify them." Wenyuan said.
"Not bad." Yun praised him a few more words first. Except for the last question of classifying "Shang Code" into "Civil Code", the other questions were very important. He originally thought that Wen Yuan would have to explain it if he didn't ask.
Yes, now that he has thought about it and asked these questions, it shows that Wenyuan's thoughts are getting closer and closer to his.