Chapter 372 Problems faced by automobile localization
Liu Lang had another mission when he came to Shanghai this time, which was to inspect Volkswagen to learn about the localization of parts. Xiong Huaizhi from Huaxia University and five graduate students also came quickly by train.
The Volkswagen Group has been stationed in Shanghai since 1980, and assembled its first assembly line in 1982. However, all parts were imported from abroad and were only assembled in China. In early 1983, the first Volkswagen was sold in China.
The assembly was successful. This car was assembled by the Chinese themselves, just like putting together building blocks. But even this pile of "building blocks" took dozens of experienced technicians a lot of effort to put together.
It can be seen that the technical differences between the two sides are not even a little bit different.
Later, the state proposed to cooperate with Volkswagen to form a joint venture. The condition was to localize Volkswagen. This is a mandatory requirement. More than 80% of the parts must be localized before it can be carried out.
For large-scale production, if you only import original cars, you can only sell 2,000 cars per year.
Volkswagen started the localization process in 1983, but the process was not very smooth. All the manufacturing plants in Shanghai joined in, but their parts were too advanced, and the Germans were also very demanding on all details.
Must be carried out in accordance with German standards
For example, the materials of parts and components must meet other people’s strength, even if it is less than one point. This kind of standardization requirement makes Chinese companies very uncomfortable. In the eyes of Chinese people, as long as the strength standard meets the requirements, isn’t it enough? Why is it more accurate and more accurate?
Expensive materials? Isn’t this a waste?
The two sides had conflicts on many issues, and they were very unhappy at first. Even the Shanghai Municipal Government came forward to persuade the Volkswagen factory to make changes that were "in line with our country's national conditions." However, in terms of quality, the Germans did not have any
To compromise, they would rather delay the project indefinitely than allow changes in the quality of parts.
The two sides argued about this matter for more than a year without being resolved, until Bai Weiren became the mayor of Shanghai. After taking office, he personally took charge of Volkswagen's problems and finally made the decision that it must be manufactured in strict accordance with German standards.
, and then the matter was settled.
The matter is not over yet. Once the standards are set, let's get ready to start work. This involves technology. None of the manufacturing plants in Shanghai can produce other people's parts. Not a single one.
The Shanghai Stock Exchange made an estimate and used 80% as a standard for localization. If the Shanghai Stock Exchange carried out research and development based on this standard, it would not be realized within ten years. So Bai Weiren once again made the decision that the localization of Volkswagen should be geared to
The entire country, let all the manufacturing plants in the country join in, and no longer pursue the Shanghai stock market's own interests.
From these two incidents, we can see that Bai Weiren is indeed a politician with great ambitions, attaches great importance to the quality of products, and has an unusual overall view.
This decision undoubtedly promoted the development of the manufacturing industry across the country. Many manufacturers were invited to visit the Volkswagen factory and received drawings provided by them.
After receiving the drawings, the factories outside Shanghai were also dumbfounded. Just like the local manufacturers in Shanghai, if they strictly followed the German standards, few could make them. At best, they could make some antennas.
, yes, it is an antenna, an antenna made of several aluminum plates rolled up, but even this antenna needs to upgrade the country's existing machine tools before it can meet the standards.
If you want to achieve 80% localization, then the manufacturing plant that undertakes it must completely transform and upgrade its own machine tools. The degree of upgrading is no less than building another production line. This kind of investment is not a small amount.
Half a point, the capital is at least several million.
If money can be spent to upgrade, the country will certainly not be stingy, but the key point is that no one knows how to upgrade. Some old workers have also done some experiments and found that it will take at least seven or eight years to modify the original machine tools.
possible.
Of course, you can also directly import advanced machine tools from abroad, but firstly, the price is not cheap. Secondly, these machine tools are basically technologies that are prohibited from export by the other party. If you want to introduce them, you need communication between countries. This process
It is very troublesome and will involve many departments such as diplomacy.
The plan set by the state at that time was to carry out technological upgrading and transformation on its own. However, this method did not receive a positive response from enterprises. The reason is very simple. It took seven or eight years and millions more to carry out the transformation. After the transformation was completed, the output was not too much.
, and also delayed the production of other products. This is really a solution that is not worth the gain, so many companies throw it aside and ignore it after getting the drawings provided by Volkswagen.
In Liu Lang's previous life, the first Volkswagen Santana that fully met localization standards appeared in 1992. It was already seven years later in 1985. It took the country seven years to realize the localization of imported cars.
Even though these parts are simple, it is a difficult process for the country, and it is also a process of self-improvement, but seven years is too long. If it is engine technology, it is difficult to use it.
It took seven years to completely understand it. Liu Lang could laugh out loud in his dreams. But this is not an engine. They are all "irrelevant" fringe technologies. Of course, this does not mean that these technologies are not important. If you want to develop them,
Engines, these technologies are all basic and must be fully mastered, but it takes too long. Liu Lang feels that the country can produce these parts in two or three years.
How to make these parts in two or three years? Then we need to introduce foreign machine tools as soon as possible, and then carry out technical restoration according to the AOD stainless steel smelting furnace model, and understand all the technologies involved in the other party's machine tools.
The country is currently negotiating with West Germany, hoping to purchase a batch of machine tools from the Andrews Company. Andrews is also very active, so the results of the negotiations are very optimistic. As long as a batch of machine tools can be introduced, even if these machine tools are not the most advanced in West Germany,
But as long as it is more advanced than domestic machine tools, Liu Lang is confident that he can restore it in the shortest time.
This method can be regarded as a kind of "plagiarism", but Liu Lang doesn't have any psychological burden. This is an era of rapid development. Every industry must speed up and cannot follow the rules step by step. Any way to obtain new technologies, whether it is
Illegal or not, you have to try it. In the face of national interests, there is no legality or illegality. If you are legal, but you don't get the technology in the end, your country will still suffer a loss. Foreign countries will not reward you for "abiding by the law".
Once a country masters the most advanced technology and comes up with machinery that others cannot possess, those who used to ridicule you will immediately come to flatter you. After all, the competition between countries is still hard power, and no one can change this.