At this stage, most of the enterprises that the state invites for tender are in the heavy industry, especially the energy industry. Under the rapid development of the national economy, weak industrial technology has revealed its shortcomings, which has restricted the development of enterprises. There is no corresponding technology in the country.
Therefore, most of these companies solicit bids from abroad.
"Good guy, the minimum amount for these bidding projects must be tens of millions! This money is really easy to make!"
Liu Lang sighed while watching.
It has been ten years since the reform and development. In the eyes of ordinary people, great changes have taken place in the past ten years. It is obvious that many people did not even have enough to eat ten years ago. This has nothing to do with whether they have money or not. Without money, there is no food to eat.
They don't have enough money to eat. Each person only has a small amount of food per month, and the supply is limited and can be purchased with tickets. People all over the country are tightening their belts and living hard.
Looking at this country ten years later, the problem of food is no longer a big problem. Things like food stamps have gradually faded out of the lives of ordinary people, especially in the capital. Food stamps are basically no longer used in big cities like Shanghai.
, even in small cities like Fucheng, food stamps are still allowed to be used in state-owned grain stores, but if you use food stamps to buy food, the waiter will definitely not be too friendly towards you. This kind of thing is far less useful than money.
Ten years later, various commodities on the market can already meet the basic living needs of the people. TVs can be bought; washing machines can be bought; refrigerators can be bought; if you have money, air conditioners can also be bought. Ten years ago
Young people should have watches, bicycles, etc. when getting married.
Sewing machines, also known as the "three big items", there are very few families who can get these three items together. Liu Lang's parents got married at that time, and the family only bought a bicycle, which they could barely get together."
"It's a big piece." The sewing machine was bought by the family after they got married.
Ten years later, young people will also have the "three big things" when they get married, but at this time they have been replaced by refrigerators, televisions, and washing machines. In order to distinguish the two, many people call the former the "three big things" and the latter
It is the "three new pieces". You can see the changes in the times by looking at the value between the two. The "three old pieces" add up to only four to five hundred yuan, and it is necessary to collect these "three new pieces"
, don’t even think about it if you don’t have three or four thousand yuan.
Ten years ago, the roads in Fucheng were all dirt roads. The most common people on the road were bicycles, followed by horse-drawn carriages. As for cars, you might not see one while standing on the roadside for more than half an hour. But now, it has changed.
It has become an asphalt road, and the road has been widened a lot, with a lane specially reserved for motor vehicles in the middle. Occasionally, imported cars from island countries and the United States will appear on the road.
These are changes in ordinary eyes, but for Liu Lang, his focus is on the country's demand for funds and technology. It is this change that determines the country's future development.
Ten years ago, what the country needed was a large amount of funds to increase its foreign exchange reserves. With money, the country could purchase a large amount of materials. Therefore, a large number of foreign companies entered the country, and many policies were also formulated, such as allowing foreign companies to purchase
Mainland land, etc.
Ten years later, nearly a thousand large international companies have set up factories in the mainland. The country's foreign exchange reserves are no longer stretched. However, always relying on foreign companies is not a long-term solution. The biggest driving force for national development still depends on itself. The country has also relied on itself.
Focusing on the interior, technological upgrades transformed this
The main method for a time, so domestic enterprises began to work hard on technology and wanted to increase their production capacity. However, the reality is very cruel. The country is still unable to meet the needs of enterprises at the technical level. If they want to adapt to the development needs of society, they only need to
Foreign technology can be introduced through bidding.
There is no way! Even if the country has the corresponding technology, it will not use foreign technology. This is the status quo.
The country has already written out this period in its industrial development plan a few years ago. It will first introduce foreign advanced industrial technologies, then gradually digest these technologies, slowly make the technologies its own, and then develop its own based on them.
There is no problem with this process of technology, and it should develop this way, but the key issue is who leads this work. The country hopes that enterprises and the country will do this work together, and the country will guide, and enterprises are the main body.
After all, companies have funds and talents, so it is easy to do things.
But judging from the past life, this method is somewhat unsatisfactory. It is not that there is a problem with this method itself, but that those enterprises do not develop according to the country's thinking.
Even state-owned enterprises must aim to make profits under the wave of market economy. The state thinks so too. Just like those manufacturing companies in Fucheng, many of them are unable to make profits and the state cannot control them now, although it has not publicly announced that they should be allowed to do so.
It is left to fend for itself, but it can only barely survive. Workers are not even paid enough, and only some companies that are related to people's livelihood and the country will try to protect them.
Enterprises must pursue profits. This is an unchanging principle for any enterprise. How does an enterprise's profit constitute? It is basically total revenue minus costs. Therefore, on the one hand, enterprises must increase total revenue and on the other hand, they must reduce costs.
Of course, it is easy to understand how to increase total revenue, expand sales, and improve product quality. So how to reduce costs?
National enterprises have done a poor job in reducing costs, but foreign enterprises are very simple. For example, layoffs are one way. Domestic enterprises are still state-owned enterprises at this stage, and layoffs are impossible. Then they can only find ways to improve in other aspects.
Production efficiency is one of the methods. Many companies introduce advanced technology to improve production efficiency and product quality.
But there is another most critical item in the cost, which is R&D expenses. In fact, this is the bulk of the cost structure. In order to reduce costs, domestic companies have reduced R&D expenses to a minimum, or even have no R&D expenses at all.
department.
If you are doing import and export trade, it doesn't matter if you don't have an R&D department. But for companies that manufacture products, especially industrial companies, it is simply unimaginable without an R&D department. But at this stage, there are many companies in this state. In order to reduce costs, it is simply
They don't even consider developing their own products. Of course, they have something to rely on. Do they think that since they can purchase funds and technology from abroad, do they need to spend a lot of money on research and development themselves?
In the final analysis, many people have not realized the value of core technology to enterprises. Only by mastering their own core technology can profits be maximized.
It has been ten years since reform and development. To be honest, the country’s industrial technology is still not very impressive. In this celebration of ten years of reform and development, the country’s independently produced chips are a highlight. Not to mention this technology has reached the level of the world.
First-class, or at least second-class level is no problem, and now the country has begun to manufacture its own lithography machines. As long as this technology achieves a breakthrough, the country's chip industry will achieve a real rise, plus there is Wan'an in this world
With companies helping each other, the country will no longer be controlled by others on chips like in previous lives.
However, apart from the chip industry, other aspects are not satisfactory, and it cannot be said that there are no achievements. The process of localization of Volkswagen promoted the improvement of many manufacturing companies, but it was also completed with the machine tools of the German Andrews Company, but there are
Many machine tool manufacturers also discovered this opportunity and purchased machine tools from Germany's Andrews for imitation. Over the past few years, they have achieved some results. Although it cannot be said that the imitation was completely successful, it can be regarded as imitating about 80%, which can be regarded as some achievements.