The influenza virus sweeping the world has caused major headaches for governments around the world, and the biggest headaches are for the countries participating in the war.
If you want to choose a country that suffered the most among the participating countries in the war, it must be Germany. Facing the impact of the Kiel sailors' uprising and the double impact of the influenza virus, the German government was actually unable to maintain the situation.
In fact, Germany may be able to resist the Allied Powers militarily for the time being (its troops have retreated to the German-French border, central Belgium). But the people are desperate for years of hunger and a war situation with no possibility of victory. And the Allied Powers
The propaganda used to undermine the morale of the German people has also played a large role.
In the numerous propaganda of the Allied Powers, they all promised that Germany would not be punished too harshly as long as it surrendered. However, the people who could not bear the hunger, cold and despair had great expectations for the words of the Allied Powers.
So these people who were dominated by emotions thought, why can't this war with no hope be ended? The left-wing parties that have been advocating an armistice have the support of the majority of the people. And relying on the support of these people, these parties have received sufficient support during this period.
grow.
After the Kiel Marine Uprising, armed uprisings occurred in Hamburg, Bremen, Leipzig, Munich and other places. It is not difficult to understand. Out of reference to the possible suppression of the army and the Russian Revolution, these rebels also established engineering corps
Represent the Soviet.
And the most critical uprising came from Berlin, the capital. On September 8, under the call of the Spartacists (the predecessor of the German Communist Party), workers and soldiers carried out a general strike and armed uprising in Berlin. On the 9th, Berlin workers and soldiers occupied the police
The General Administration, Telegraph Office, Congress, other important agencies and barracks. Karl Liebkner, the leader of the Spartacist League who led the uprising, announced the establishment of the "Free Socialist Republic" on the balcony of the palace. He also met with Rosa Luxemburg
Together they founded the Red Flag newspaper and put forward the slogan of the struggle for the establishment of a "unified German Socialist Republic".
The uprising in Berlin dealt the heaviest blow to Wilhelm II who was at the headquarters of the Spad Army in Belgium. Faced with the uprising movement across the country, the German top brass knew that a ceasefire was necessary.
However, the people's grievances against the current government must find someone to come to power to resolve their grievances. The only candidate currently acceptable to the people is Friedrich Ebert, leader of the Social Democratic Party. Only he can control the current restless situation in Germany.
Friedrich Albert was born in Heidelberg on February 4, 1871. His father was a tailor. In his early years, he worked as a harness worker and made saddles as a profession. In 1891, he joined the German Social Democratic Party. In 1893, he became a Bremmer National
Editor-in-chief of the newspaper. In 1905, he served as secretary of the Central Executive Committee of the German Social Democratic Party.
He is a very persuasive speaker. He believes in trade unionism and is not very interested in Marx's ideological theory. He pays more attention to the improvement of workers' actual lives and the improvement of their social status and moral values. So he is a
A moderate leader of the Social Democratic Party who has always been committed to practical work and avoided theoretical disputes.
His outstanding work ability helped him become chairman of the German Social Democratic Party after the death of former chairman A. Bebel in 1913. Under his leadership, the status of the Democratic Party has significantly improved. Therefore, he is also the most suitable candidate to succeed him in Germany.
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However, Albert's promise to re-form a coalition government is conditional. First, Germany needs to obtain the understanding of the Allied Powers. In addition, the Kaiser must abdicate and cancel the title of German Emperor, because the German Empire will be changed to a republic. Faced with Albert's
The German top brass, frightened by the massive wave of uprisings in the country, accepted the request in full.
After a candidate was found to replace the government, Chief of Staff Ludendorff resigned and was replaced by Wilhelm Groener in order to get the Allies to agree to Germany's request for an armistice.
After General Groener took over the post of Chief of the General Staff, he suggested to Kaiser Wilhelm II that in order to ensure that the emperor would not be tried by the Allies, he had better choose to seek asylum in a neutral country. The most suitable country at present is to remain neutral.
Netherlands. Because he is related to Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, and the two of them are relatively close.
Moreover, Gröner also assured the Kaiser that under the command of Marshal Hindenburg, the German army would retreat to Germany without suppressing the revolution. Wilhelm II saw the model soldiers who firmly supported the emperor, and Marshal Hindenburg also responded to this
Adopting a default attitude and feeling that the situation was over, William II drafted his abdication edict at the Spad Army headquarters.
The full text is as follows; I permanently renounce all rights I have as King of the Kingdom of Prussia and as Emperor of Germany. At the same time, I discharge all civil servants of the German Empire and Prussia, all officers, non-commissioned officers, naval forces, Prussian Army, and those who have served me as
All military services to which the Imperial Emperor swore allegiance. I hope that they will help those who hold real power in Germany to protect the German people against the approaching dangers of anarchy, starvation and foreign domination until a new order in the German Reich is established.
After announcing his abdication to the country, William II and his family immediately applied for asylum in the Netherlands. The Dutch government, which had always remained neutral, accepted the application, and William's family rushed to Amsterdam non-stop. Here William Ming
In order to provide William II with a place to live, Queen Na gave him a manor in Toronto. William II would live here for the rest of his life.
The Allied Powers all spoke positively of the uprising in Germany that forced Kaiser Wilhelm II to abdicate. In The Times, a comment on the abdication of the Kaiser was that this blind arrogant and war madman finally emerged from his evil ways.
The throne rolled down in despair, which gave Germany a new lease of life. The German people now finally know that everything they have encountered was given by the culprit, and now the world will return to peace.
After Edel heard the news of the Kaiser's abdication, he called the captain of the guard: "Send 10 million lei to the Kaiser in the Netherlands."
"I heard that the German government has not confiscated the royal family's property. They should not be short of funds. And if it is sent like this, will they accept it?"
Facing Carust's words, Edel sighed and replied: "I know they are not short of funds, but Uncle William and I are both Hohenzollerns, even though they are the main line and we are the side branch. This is
Represent my feelings and they will accept it."
Edel's words dispelled the captain of the guard's doubts, and he immediately said: "Okay, Your Majesty, I will have someone deliver it to them right now."
"Go ahead."
After seeing off his captain of the bodyguard, Edel sighed. "Next, it's time for Germany to armistice and negotiate. Hey Germany, are you ready to accept the punishment of defeat?"
