The female official replied: "Both Duke Nan'an and Duke Yanping have moved into the mansion newly given by your majesty, but only Duke Xining has written a letter requesting to leave the southwest of the town. Duke Xining thought Qin Ni was a huge bandit, and he did not understand the geographical situation of the southwest and was familiar with it like him.
It is impossible to completely quell the Yunnan troubles if the people in the camp are not well prepared."
Li Laiheng nodded and pondered. Li Dingguo, Liu Wenxiu, and Zheng Zhilong disbanded their troops and entered the court. This was one of the important reasons why Dashun was able to quickly pacify the separatist forces in the southwest and southeast.
Sun Kewang's stubborn resistance was the reason why Yunnan was still undecided.
Should Li Ding be released for use abroad?
After thinking carefully for a while, he said: "This matter should be discussed in advance at the political hall. The Military Academy will also send people to participate in the discussion."
The two capitals and eighteen provinces of the Ming Dynasty, with the exception of Yunnan and Liaodong provinces, all the territory of the world has now been attributed to Dashun. With Dashun's administrative efficiency, Li Laiheng produced 90 million shi of grain a year from such a territory.
It is an easy thing to do without placing too heavy a burden on the people.
Ninety million shi of grain, converted to about 40 million, is close to 50 million taels of silver.
Calculated based on the current standard silver coin "Guangzhong Silver Dollar" currently in use in Dashun, the annual income of the imperial court is equivalent to 64 million silver dollars.
In the later Qing Dynasty, after the three major reforms of Yongzheng and the Qianlong period, the country's annual fiscal revenue was around 40 million taels of silver every year.
At the same time, major European powers, such as Britain under the rule of Lord Protector Cromwell, had government revenue of approximately 1.5 million pounds.
From the fourteenth century to the beginning of the seventeenth century, one pound was equal to one pound of silver, which was equivalent to more than ten taels of silver. Calculating the annual income of Cromwell's Protectorate regime was more than ten million taels.
However, Britain carried out currency reform in the 17th century. During the Cromwellian period, one pound may only be equivalent to four taels of silver. In other words, at this time, the Protectorate, as a powerful power in Europe, had an annual income of only six million taels.
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France is richer than Britain, and Spain's fiscal revenue exceeds France's.
The populations of France and Spain are by no means more than a quarter of Dashun's, but the incomes of both countries are well over 10 million taels.
It can be seen that Dashun's fiscal revenue can be regarded as a glorious moment of the classical fiscal system according to traditional Chinese historical concepts.
But according to the concept of modern history, the extent of its excavation is still huge.
Although Dashun did not adopt a low-tax, low-expenditure fiscal policy like the Ming Dynasty, but adopted a high-tax, high-expenditure, and high-investment fiscal-oriented policy, it was different from the Cromwell Protectorate in the seventeenth century and Henry IV.
Compared with the Bourbon regime and the Habsburg regime in the 19th century, the financial potential was still greatly underexploited.
In other words, its potential is still great.
The late Ming Dynasty did not experience the nearly 40-year anti-Qing war in history, and the vitality of the people was relatively preserved. However, Dashun only completed field surveying and household registration re-counting in the core provinces of Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shandong, and Shanxi.
Li Laiheng is still unable to completely determine the full picture of Dashun household registration.
He made a rough estimate and believed that the population of Dashun's jurisdiction should be around 100 million, which was lower than that of the Qianlong era. This also shows that Dashun's financial potential at this time was actually more successful than that of Qianlong, who was the best at "making money" in the Qing Dynasty.
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However, there is a certain gap compared to countries such as Britain and France that are advancing on the road of capitalism, as well as the Habsburg dynasty, which has Italian bankers and the precious metals of the New World.
During the Qianlong period, the fiscal revenue of the Qing Dynasty was more than 40 million liang, and the land silver was more than 20 million liang, accounting for about 60%.
The amount of money the Manchus levied from the people in order to provide officials with clean silver also amounted to three million taels. According to the rules, the Qing government would also sell a certain amount of supervisory titles to wealthy people every year, which could earn more than three million taels.
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Salt was a huge profit for many dynasties, and the Qing Dynasty still implemented a certain monopoly. However, compared with the salt tax of the Han, Tang, and Song Dynasties, which accounted for half of the total finance, the salt tax revenue of the Qing Dynasty was moderate, only more than 5 million
Two, accounting for less than 12% of total revenue.
This point is actually the same as that of the Ming Dynasty. Giving up the court's monopoly power over salt and iron sales was the tone set by Zhu Yuanzhang in the early Ming Dynasty. Although this caused a significant decline in the court's monopoly revenue, it also helped reduce the burden on ordinary people and promote
It is excellent for the development of handicraft industry.
What's more, the monopoly on salt and iron can only be beneficial if implemented in an era like the Han and Tang Dynasties when the handicraft industry was not fully developed. After the Southern Song Dynasty, this policy almost only had disadvantages. Later in the Southern Song Dynasty, people smuggled salt from the Jin Kingdom and obtained
The life of the barbarian country is actually better than the life of the citizens of the Song Dynasty where capitalism was said to have sprouted. It is really absurd and embarrassing.
In addition to salt, another revenue is tariff. The tariff here is not an external tariff, but a tax collected at various domestic checkpoints, which is equivalent to an indirect commercial tax. This tax amounted to 5.4 million taels in the Qing Dynasty.
A little more than during the Chongzhen period, but the number is really limited. It can also be seen that the claim that Chongzhen failed to collect commercial taxes, which led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty, is purely blame-shifting.
According to classical concepts, this kind of fiscal revenue and fiscal structure is very sufficient. You must know that in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang believed that as long as he could receive 30 million shi of grain, the state would be very sufficient.
But in the same Britain, the annual fiscal revenue during the Cromwell period was only 1.5 million pounds. Regardless of whether the pound was equal to 4 taels or 12 taels, this income was not much higher than Dashun.
But the British household registration is much smaller than that in Dashun.
What's more, only thirty or forty years later, in 1692, Britain's fiscal revenue reached as much as four million pounds.
In just thirty or forty years, annual income has tripled...
This efficiency is terrifying.
If Li Laiheng can triple his annual income in thirty years, Dashun's fiscal revenue will reach 120 million taels of silver, which can definitely cope with any situation.
But to achieve this, the first thing Li Laiheng had to solve was the tariff issue - this tariff refers to the traditional income of the Ming Dynasty's Shipping Department, that is, the income from overseas trade.
Setting up cards to collect commercial taxes in the country will not only easily affect the development of industry and commerce - there was a precedent for this in the history of the Ming Dynasty, when commercial taxes were blindly levied, resulting in the decline of all industries, the tax base was greatly reduced, and the tax revenue dropped -
—And the collection efficiency is also very low.
Taxation of overseas trade must be more efficient, and since Longqing opened the sea, maritime trade has indeed prospered, but the imperial court has made very little profit from it.
During the Chongzhen period, the imperial court’s shipping department only had an income of fifty thousand taels!
Instead of expending a lot of effort and consuming a lot of administrative resources to collect the so-called commercial tax, which is only a few million taels at most, it is not difficult to increase fiscal revenue as long as we seriously develop the shipping department.
After all, it would be very difficult to be like Chongzhen, who managed sea trade worth tens of millions of taels a year and only collected a tariff of 50,000 taels.
The Qing Dynasty implemented a policy of seclusion, but the Thirteen Banks of Guangzhou could still provide the Manchus with millions of taels of customs tax and tax money every year.
During the Chongzhen period, although the Ming Dynasty recruited Zheng Zhilong, it completely gave up the management of maritime trade and used almost tens of millions of taels of maritime trade revenue to redeem the Zheng family.
Now that Zheng Zhilong has easily given up his power, Li Laiheng has already ordered Liu Xiyao to build ships and train the navy in Ningbo. In the future, it will not be difficult for Dashun to restore the imperial court's control over overseas trade.
Now most of the 10 million taels of sea trade income belongs to Zheng Sen, but Li Laiheng is ready to get it into his own hands.
He stopped the female official again and said: "I also want to reward Duke Yanping and the family members Zheng Zhilong brought to Tokyo. The court should reward them more. The female family members should also be given the title of first-class or second-class wife. Don't be stingy."