In the remote North American continent, there is a super volcano that is shocking to talk about - the Yellowstone Park Volcano in the United States.
The so-called super volcano is more powerful than ordinary volcanoes in terms of eruption power, eruption scale, and impact on the ecological environment. Such a volcano is like a timed nuclear bomb buried underground. Once it erupts, its power is
Enough to wipe out all life on the entire planet!
Since it is a super volcano, the eruption cycle is naturally extremely long. Taking the Yellowstone Park volcano as an example, it erupts approximately every 600,000 years.
In the past 2.1 million years, the volcano has had three large-scale eruptions, each of which caused extremely serious damage and impact to the earth's ecological environment and climate.
Especially the second volcanic eruption, the material erupted from the crater covered an area of approximately 9,000 square kilometers, and the thickness of volcanic ash exceeded 1,500 meters, thus forming large tracts of basalt, andesite, rhyolite, etc. on the North American continent, and
A lava plateau more than 2,000 meters above sea level.
On the vast continent of Titan, there is also a super volcano the same size as the Yellowstone Park volcano.
This volcano is Olympus volcano located in the center of Titan continent.
Olympus Volcano is an ancient volcano that was formed at the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago. It was one of the culprits that led to the collective extinction of the dinosaurs. It has been dormant underground for more than 1 million years.
More than 1 million years have passed since the last eruption of Olympus volcano. According to the eruption cycle of this volcano, there will be at least 20,000 to 300,000 years before the next eruption. However, this sudden "heaven and earth"
"Big Collision" caused this ancient super volcano to wake up hundreds of thousands of years in advance.
The scene when Olympus volcano erupted was extremely spectacular and shocking. At the moment of the eruption, the entire earth was visibly shaking.
"boom!"
With a terrifying loud noise, the huge underground pressure instantly pushed open the land crust dozens of kilometers thick, blasting the land mass weighing billions of tons into the sky so high that even birds could not fly.
In the soaring heat wave, an extremely large and heavy piece of land crust flew into the sky with a sky full of smoke and dust, and the height soon exceeded the flying height of most aviation aircraft.
This piece of land that was blown away covers an astonishing area of over 6,000 square kilometers, which is almost the same area as Shanghai.
It is so huge, with a mass of eight to nine billion tons! On the surface of the earth, there are mountains, rivers, lakes, forests and grasslands.
A land surface equivalent to the size of the entire city of Shanghai exploded close to the Earth's low-Earth orbit and turned into countless huge rocks and mud.
These broken stones and mud are also very large in size, with small ones weighing tens of thousands of tons and large ones weighing millions of tons.
Some "stones" still have mountains, rivers and lakes on them, while some "earth blocks" still have complete forests and grasslands as well as countless animals fleeing for their lives in the forests and grasslands.
An entire piece of land surface was blown away by the burst of underground pressure to the Earth's low-Earth orbit, which is close to the space area. This kind of scene is probably something that even the most imaginative Hollywood blockbusters would not dare to shoot like this!
Really, the pressure of this eruption was so huge that it is difficult to use words to describe the intensity of this eruption.
If you have to ask how powerful this eruption is, I can tell you this - if this huge piece of land crust does not break due to its structural strength, it will definitely break away from the constraints of gravity and fly out of the earth.
Become a land floating in space!
Yes! If it hadn't been shattered due to its structural strength, this huge piece of land would 100% break away from the constraints of gravity, fly out of the earth, and become a land floating in space!
Because the geological structure is not so stable, the entire land mass fell apart in the air and shattered into countless city-sized pieces of stone and soil.
These huge stones and soil, carrying the hurriedly fleeing creatures on them, fell from an altitude of tens of thousands of meters like flowers, and hit the ground with a deafening rumbling sound, which was as powerful as the ground bombardment of a large meteor shower.
.
As pieces of land the size of cities fell to the ground, the earth trembled violently, and huge mushroom clouds rose up. The scene was like a doomsday scene.
The mountains and plains that fell on the ground were broken into countless smaller stones and soil under the impact of the impact.
These broken stones and soil were like cluster bombs, violently hitting everything around them.
The animals on the ground were running hastily in the "rain of bullets", and then there were too many rocks falling from the sky. Each one was as big as a village, covering the sky and the sun. One stone could kill thousands or even tens of thousands.
Only living thing.
Just like that, a giant crater with an astonishing diameter appeared on the vast continent of Titan!
The diameter of the entire crater exceeds an astonishing 400 kilometers, and the total area reaches a terrifying 6,000 square kilometers!
In other words, the eruption area of this crater is equivalent to the total area of Shanghai.
Imagine that there are so many urban areas and streets in Shanghai. There are so many high-rise buildings on the streets. Each high-rise building can house thousands of people. In addition, there are many parks and wilderness areas with forests and lakes. Sitting there
The bus has to run non-stop for a whole day to circle the city, and you will know how shocking this crater is.
After breaking through the thick rocks and soil on the crater, a real volcanic eruption began!
"boom!"
The earth began to roar, like a super giant vomiting blood due to injury, frantically erupting the core of the earth's magma and volcanic materials to the outside world.
In just a few seconds, a rare "volcanic lightning" phenomenon appeared over the crater.
Huge lightning bolts were like huge pythons, swimming in the thick smoke over the crater. Thunder and lightning flashed, and the scene was very scary.
With the eruption of massive amounts of high-temperature material and the continuous heat dissipation of large amounts of magma, the surrounding temperature rose rapidly, reaching an astonishing 60 to 70 degrees Celsius. This temperature is almost 4 times the normal temperature!
The continent of Titan has a tropical climate, with an average temperature of around 16 degrees Celsius all year round. It can be said that it is like spring all year round! Even in the hottest season of the year, the temperature is only 30 degrees Celsius.
In less than half an hour, the temperature within thousands of square kilometers increased four times. You can imagine how much high-temperature material was ejected from the ground during this volcanic eruption. It is no exaggeration to say that even if there were 8 more high-temperature materials in the sky,
Two suns, scorching the earth together, cannot raise the temperature of 6,000 square kilometers to 70 or 80 degrees in half an hour.
In this way, an area of several thousand square kilometers became a huge "oven".
The animals that survived in this high-temperature area became bread and roasted chicken in the "oven". They were heated to death by the high temperature before they could run far. In addition, the fire caused by the river of lava flowing on the ground filled the air.
A charming aroma of meat...
Two hours later, under the influence of volcanic lava, high-temperature gas, and forest fires, the temperature around the volcanic eruption point rose to 100 degrees Celsius. Note that this is the average temperature.
A large number of creatures died due to the high temperature, and nearly 2 billion creatures had to leave their homes and stay away from the areas around the volcanic eruption.
This major eruption of Olympus volcano ejected tens of thousands of tons of sulfur dioxide into the earth's atmosphere.
These tens of thousands of tons of sulfur dioxide will slowly turn into sulfurous acid or sulfuric acid in the air, and fall to the ground with rainwater to burn various plants on the surface. It will take years or decades for the earth to remove these sulfur dioxide in the air.
Sulfur dioxide is cleaned to normal range.
Of course, compared to the coming of the Ice Age, this is not the most serious thing. The most serious thing is that from now on, the earth will usher in a dark period that will last for half a century, and there will be no more sunlight in 50 years.
The long dark night...
The eruption of Olympus volcano lasted for more than a month, and the total amount of various materials erupted exceeded an astonishing 2.8 billion cubic kilometers!
Of this much material, 80 percent of the volcanic material was ejected into the Earth's atmosphere.
In other words, during this Olympus volcano eruption, more than 2 billion cubic kilometers of mist of various volcanic materials entered the earth's atmosphere and was carried to all parts of the world along with atmospheric circulation.
These volcanic ash and toxic smoke have reached an astonishing thickness of tens of kilometers in the air! They remain there all year round, completely blocking the sun.
In the following years, the sky was always gray and not a single ray of sunlight could fall on the earth.
The volcanic ash that floats in the atmosphere all year round puts a heat shield on the earth, preventing sunlight from reaching the earth's surface directly, thus causing a global temperature drop.
Just like that, a long dark winter that lasted for more than half a century came!