The Origin and Development of Kanyu (Feng Shui) Theory
"The person being buried takes advantage of Qi. The Qi will be dispersed by the wind and stop by the boundary water. The ancients gathered it to keep it from scattering and moved it to stop it, so it is called Feng Shui." This passage comes from "Burning" written by Guo Pu from Jin Dynasty.
"Book", this is the first time that the word "Feng Shui" appears in ancient Chinese literature. Guo Pu succinctly explained the fundamentals of the "Feng Shui" theory: with "qi" as the core, to hide wind and obtain water.
As conditions, we focus on seeking an ideal tomb environment, and take the blessing of future generations as the ultimate goal. Regarding how to define the good and bad of Feng Shui, Guo Pu’s view is: “Getting water is the first priority, hiding wind is the second best.” Feng Shui of later generations.
The main job of the masters is to find auspicious places that can hide the wind, get water, and have vitality, for burial or building residences, so that people can develop and multiply.
However, the concept of "Feng Shui" in China that has existed for thousands of years did not suddenly appear in the Jin Dynasty. In the 6,000-year-old Yangshao Culture tomb discovered on the west slope of Puyang, Henan, there were impressively visible clam shells on the left and right sides of a corpse.
built
, with extremely clear "green dragon" and "white tiger" graphics. Some scholars believe that these two graphics are the ancients' understanding of the projection of the stars in the sky on the ground, which is vaguely consistent with the Feng Shui concept of "green dragon on the left, white tiger on the right" in later generations.
In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties when Feng Shui was widely publicized, Feng Shui masters such as Guan and Guo Pu began to gradually improve the past concepts of Feng Shui and elevate it to a theory. In the late Tang Dynasty, Feng Shui masters Yang Junsong and Bu Ze
Wei lived in Jiangxi, and his descendants gradually formed the Feng Shui sect of "Shaping Sect". The "Liqi Sect" initially spread in Fujian, and a Feng Shui master in the Song Dynasty, Wang, promoted his theory, thus forming another major Feng Shui sect.
The "Shaping Sect" is also known as the Gan School, the Xingfa School, and the Luantou School. This school's doctrine focuses on achieving the unity of heaven, earth and man in the spatial image of mountains and rivers. The "Liqi Sect" is also called the Min School, the Zongmiao School, and the Lifa School. They
Focusing on achieving the unity of heaven, earth and man in the time sequence, the factors considered are yin and yang and five elements, zodiac signs, four seasons and five directions, eight trigrams and nine winds, three yuan luck, etc. The shape method is mainly used for site selection and shape selection.
The rules focus on determining the orientation pattern of indoor and outdoor areas. For houses in the wilderness and valleys, because they are closely related to the surrounding natural geographical environment, they pay more attention to the form method; while for houses in Jingyi, because they are restricted by the external environment, they often
Both form and principle are used. However, both the "Shape Sect" and the "Li Qi Sect" follow the three basic principles of the unity of heaven, earth and man, the balance of yin and yang, and the mutual generation and restraint of the five elements.
Many people who are interested in Feng Shui or are beginners often encounter a problem, that is, when they read or hear some friends who have a deeper understanding of Feng Shui in books talking about Feng Shui, they often include some Feng Shui terminology and miscellaneous topics.
I don’t understand it, but I’m embarrassed to ask. So I’m going to talk to you about Feng Shui terminology.
The general map of the "Three Dragons" listed in ancient Chinese Kanyu books
Six things: The Fanyuan studied in Yangzhai, except for the shape and method, are all case-by-case treatments. In terms of the use of hexagrams and directions, it generally refers to what is inside the house. A total of six main items are used as the main purpose of the inference, which are generally called
Six things about Yangzhai. They are:
(1) Door - refers to the outer door, house door, room door, and back door, depending on the actual condition of the residence.
(2) Road - The road refers to the passage from the gate to the middle of the hall door. It is a principle inference based on the size of its scope.
(3) Stove - today refers to the location of the gas or liquefied petroleum gas stove in the kitchen.
(4) Well - Today it refers to the location of tap water or water tower. Tap water is mainly used for cooking in the kitchen.
(5) Pit latrines—today’s restrooms.
(6) Grinding Mill - Today's residences rarely have grinding mill facilities. Unless it is a specific occupation and has mechanical equipment for grinding and grinding, it is necessary to make inferences.
Incense: It refers to the ancestral temple and the temple of the earth gods, which must be placed in the auspicious place of the home owner's natal life to be suitable.
The ruler method - the ruler method of Yangzhai, there are four types in ancient times, (1) Zifang ruler. (2) Curved ruler. (3) Luban ruler. (4) Xuannv ruler. The Luban ruler is commonly used today. Here are the four types
An introduction to the ruler method is given below. (1) Luban Ruler is commonly used for "wealth, separation, righteousness".
", Palace, Tribulation, Harm, Origin" are eight intervals apart, and the four characters "Wealth, Justice, Palace, Origin" are auspicious. (2) The size of the ovary is divided into nine inches. Venus is auspicious, Mars is inauspicious, and Luo is inauspicious.
.This star is auspicious. Ziyan is auspicious. Wenxing is inauspicious. Jidu is inauspicious. Moon is inauspicious. Mercury is auspicious. This is
Edicts are rarely used anymore. (3) The curved ruler is divided into nine steps by nine inches. One inch is one white lucky, six inches is six white lucky, eight inches is eight white lucky, nine inches is nine purple lucky, and the rest are "two, three, four"
, five or seven inches are all bad luck. According to this, the doors, windows, etc. of the Yangzhai
Dimensions are only based on the remainder of the inch for good or bad luck. For example, two feet and eight inches is good, two feet and four inches is bad, etc. (4) Xuannu's ruler is divided into nine inches and eight steps. Good luck for noble people, bad luck for natural disasters, good fortune for officials.
Lu Ji, Loneliness is bad, Fu Bi Ji is good. Do not avoid adding half an inch to any of the above methods.
Five stoves should be in the same day (both good and bad) (1) Wood stove - should be thirty days later. (2) Earth stove - should be fifty days later. (3) Fire stove - should be twenty days later. (4) Water stove - should be six days later
Ten days later. (5) Jin Zao - should be forty days later.
Yue Ou - The Yin house is called Riqi, and the Yang house is called Yue Ou. Therefore, Yue Ou is another name for Yang house.
Kanyu side arch - refers to the fact that there is a water between two mountains, and there is a mountain between the two rivers. There is a house there, which looks like water jumping, but it is actually auspicious for "side arch".
Homestead - can be divided into six types. (1) Flat slope. (2) Pinggang. (3) Plain. (4) Pingyang. (5) Pingtian. (6) Pinghu. The house is located on the outskirts of the hill.
It's about taking the high ground instead of taking the nest.
Naqi - Naqi is different from Chengqi. Chengqi is to take advantage of the earth's Qi, while Naqi is to accept and regulate Qi, that is, it does not focus on the sitting direction of the house, but also takes the Qi of the door and road. The death day of Anzao - the fifth month of the first month of the year
- Avoid Zimao day, avoid Jiazi day on the second, sixth, and tenth month. Avoid Guiyou day on the third, seventh, and eleventh month, and avoid Gengwu day on the fourth, eighth, and twelfth month.
On the death day of An bed - use Jian to eliminate the twelve gods: Xin, Ang, Kui, Lou, Ji, Wei and Shen.
Five Gods—Regulations for the construction of Yangzhai. 1: A and B are blue dragons. (2) Bing and Ding are Mingxi. (3) Xuji is the warehouse. (4) Geng and Xin are white tigers. The master is the mourner of white crying. (5) Ren
Gui is a thief. The Lord is likely to attract thieves.
Fuyuan - The house where the house is located is the Fude Palace, and each person's life is suitable for it. The four people in the east live in the east four houses, and the four people in the west live in the west four houses.
Fate direction - The house has "sitting, facing" and the destiny has "east, west". If you focus on the direction of the mountain but ignore the destiny, it will be a big disaster. If you focus on the direction of the mountain and ignore the mountain direction, it will be a small disaster.
His blessings are everlasting.
Fire direction - the "fire gate" of the stove points directly to the four auspicious directions "anger, longevity, giant gate, and ambush".
The flue - that is, today's range hood outlet. There are four evils that should come out: death, five ghosts, disaster, and Wenqu.
The four auspicious directions: anger, longevity, giant door, bed, incense, front door, back door, room, etc. The four unlucky directions are death, five ghosts, disaster, and Wenqu is suitable for a stove, a pit, and a toilet. ,Usuma-wait.
In fact, the theory of Feng Shui originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Gu's "Book of Han·Yi Wen Zhi Tenth" first appeared to contain a monograph on Kan Yu, which was called "Fourteen Volumes of Kan Yu Golden Chamber", which was related to Yin and Yang and the Five Elements. , the books on seasons, days, and disasters are all listed in the "Five Elements" category, which is one of the six types of "numerology" at that time.
Ban Gu commented on the Five Elements School: "The method also starts from the beginning and end of the Five Virtues, and when pushed to the extreme, everything can be achieved. However, the Xiaoshu School thinks it is good or bad, and walks in the world, soaked in chaos." And at the end of "Shu Shu Lue" There is a general saying: "Those who do numerology are all in the position of Mingtang Xi and Shi Divination." To get a glimpse of its meaning,
"Kanyu Golden Chamber" is one of the monographs of Kanyu experts at that time, and its secret purpose is the same as that stated in "Historical Records".
According to the "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Wang Jing", Wang Jing, a water conservancy expert who was contemporary with Ban Tuan, once "believed that all the six classics contained divination, and his behavior was based on that of a tortoise. The books were mixed, and the good and bad were opposite, so he consulted the records." The various numerology documents from various schools, the taboos in the tombs, and those that are suitable for the sun and phase, are collected into the "Dayan Xuanji"."
It can be seen from this that the art of Kanyu is indeed derived from the inheritance and differentiation of divination technology before the Han Dynasty, as Sima Qian and Ban Gu commented.
The definition of the word "Kanyu", Xu Shen of the Eastern Han Dynasty once said: "Kan means the way of heaven; Yu means the way of earth"
Measuring Kanyu refers to the way of heaven and earth. Xu Shen's words come from the article "Fourteen Volumes of Kanyu Golden Chamber" in "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" cited by Yan Shigu in the early Tang Dynasty.
Later, in Li Shan's annotation of "Selected Works", the sentence "Kanyu" in Yang Xiong's "Ganquan Ode" also quoted Xu Shen's words. In Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi", it was said that "Kan, the ground is sudden", "Yu, chariot" does not have a coherent explanation of the word "Kanyu". Xu Shen's words quoted by Yan Shigu and Li Shan are probably from the "Kanyu" mentioned in Xu Shen's annotation of "Huainanzi" in the early Tang Dynasty that has not yet been handed down. Sentence (see Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi). Taking a comprehensive look at the "Huainanzi", "Historical Records", "Ganquan Fu", and "Han Shu·Yiwen Zhi", it makes sense to interpret "Kanyu" as the way of heaven and earth. of.
After Xu Shen, there was Zheng Xuan's annotation of "Zhou Li", mentioning Kanyu, which is the name of the book of skills. According to the explanation of "Chun Guan Zongbo No. 3", "Baozhang family controls the stars in the sky, and monitors the changes in the stars and the sun and the moon. By observing the movement of the world, we can identify its good and bad fortunes. Use the stars and soil to identify the seals of the land of the nine states. All the seals have stars, so as to observe the auspiciousness of the monsters." The note says: "The stars and soil are the seals of the stars; seals are like boundaries. Ye. The big boundary is called Jiuzhou. The feudal territories among the states in the states are also divided into stars. His book is extinct. Although "Kanyu" has counties and counties included in it, it is not the ancient number. It can be said that it still exists today. Zhe is divided into twelve times. Xingji is Wu Yue; Fire, the Zhou dynasty; Quail tail, the Chu ye; Longevity star, the Zheng ye; Huo, the Song ye; Analyze wood, the Yan ye. The demonic auspiciousness of this division mainly uses the aura of the guest star and Huibo as its symbol."
According to Zheng Xuan, there was the "Kanyu Xishu" before the Han Dynasty, and the "Kanyu" written by later generations was divided into twelve chapters. "Golden Chamber". And the method of ancient astrology used by Shangzong is to divide the orbit of Jupiter or the year star into twelve equal parts, which are called twelve times. They also correspond to the kingdoms on the earth, that is, The so-called divisions depend on the variation of the astrological phenomena in each region of the sky, which indicates good or bad luck in the world of the region. (To be continued)