Lieren is located in the east of Handan. Although it is not big, it has the most fertile land in Zhao State. This is because it is close to water and is convenient for irrigation. However, all the people of Lieren have gathered together at this moment. It is still winter.
, everyone was trembling, but they looked very happy, gathered inside and outside a relatively wide courtyard, the courtyard was full of people, and outside the courtyard, there were also people sticking their heads out from the short courtyard wall,
Looking curiously.
Everyone was very happy and very excited because Ma Fujun was here.
Ma Fujun didn't come alone. He came here with his disciples. If it weren't for the usually arrogant village officials who worshiped in front of this young man in fear, everyone would not believe it. It turns out that this man who stayed in his home
The young nobleman is Ma Fujun. Zhao Kuo is sitting on the ground with a smile, surrounded by silhouettes. There are disciples standing behind him, holding bamboo slips, recording.
"My father-in-law, how much millet can one acre of land produce in a good harvest year?"
The old man sitting in front of Ma Fujun stroked his beard, showed his gap teeth, and replied with a smile: "The best cultivated land can produce three stones of grain per acre."
"What if it's on weekdays?"
"Two stones and five."
"How much farmland do you have?"
"I don't have any farmland. There are eight of me and my family, and we farm three hundred acres of land...", the old man said, and Zhao Kuo suddenly realized that the Qin State at this moment was different from other countries. At this moment, the state-owned land system was in power.
With the development of private ownership of land, of course, in Zhao Kuo's view, it cannot be said to be state-owned land. It should be owned by the king. The cultivated land belongs to the king, and the rest are slaves who work for the king. This is just a more selfish
It’s just private ownership of land!
The royal family allocates farmland to the nobles, and the nobles allocate the land to the common people, layer upon layer of exploitation. The common people do not have their own cultivated land, they are only responsible for cultivating it for others, and the nobles cannot sell the land privately, and the nobles' land is also a reward from the royal family. In this way
As soon as it comes, the disadvantage comes. People are not willing to work hard on these public fields. It is not their own farmland anyway, so why bother to work hard?
As a result, various countries have carried out reforms. Countries such as Lu and Qi implemented new tax laws and ordered that no matter whether it is public land or private land, taxes must be paid per mu. This is a disguised recognition of the private ownership of land. However, Wei, Zhao
, Korea and other countries also allowed nobles to bring their people to reclaim cultivated land, and recognized that these newly reclaimed lands belonged to the reclaimers. The most outstanding one was Qin. Qin directly recognized the private ownership of land, allowed buying and selling, and allowed Qin people to cultivate it themselves.
Farm it yourself.
In other words, Qin has farmers, and farmers in other countries... are called slaves.
The most obvious difference between the King of Qin and the kings of other countries is in the distribution of resources. Because of the completion of private ownership of land, the King of Qin can directly tax the whole country and centrally allocate the country's materials, while the other princes are just domestic
He is just a big lord. The Six Kingdoms are richer than Qin. These resources cannot be directly mobilized in a unified way, so they will naturally not be Qin's opponent.
Of course, because all countries are moving closer to Qin's system, the land issue has become all kinds of strange. In Zhao, there are real princes, some false princes, some nobles who own a large amount of land that cannot be sold, and some who cultivate it themselves.
There are nobles with private lands, common people who depend on the nobles for farming, and there are also common people who own some land and pay taxes directly to the king. Zhao Kuo asked seriously, and his disciples were also taking notes quickly.
Zhao Kuo did not like the private ownership of land in the Qin State. It was this system that kept China going through the cycle of dynasties. Landlords annexed land, making the people miserable, and then turmoil broke out, overthrowing the old land owners, and starting land ownership again.
After a period of time, the land was once again annexed to the landlords, and the people could no longer survive... However, it seems that the private land ownership in Qin is the most suitable system for today.
At least, he allowed the people to own their own land and mobilized their enthusiasm.
But the problem lies in the very unreasonable taxation. After Zhao Kuo investigated, he was surprised to find that the tax rate in Zhao State is 5% tax and 4% tax. What is this concept? An 80% tax rate! You have worked hard.
One year, I have one hundred shi of grain, and I have to pay 80 shi of it... If there is a war, I will continue to ask for it from you. Is this going to force the people to death? Of course, Qin's tax rate is not much better.
, Qin State has three taxes and two taxes, which is about 66%?
You know, in the later Han Dynasty, the tax rate was thirty to one... Of course, this was also because the Han Dynasty did not need to prepare for war at all times. When it later fought with the Xiongnu, it collected no less taxes. It was much better than the taxes during the Warring States Period.
Even more harsh.
Nowadays, in all countries, no one can laugh at anyone, because everyone is similar in terms of taxation. The people who suffer the most are probably the people. Although the taxes in Qin are high, the people can cultivate the land themselves, as long as
If you are diligent enough and don't die from exhaustion in the fields, you still have a way to survive. For people in other countries, they may still be able to survive by relying on the nobles.
Zhao Kuo let out a long sigh. He remembered Confucius's emotion in the past: harsh government is as fierce as a tiger.
At first, when Confucius and Zilu passed by Mount Tai, they saw a miserable woman. All the woman's relatives were killed by tigers in the mountain. She was the only one left kneeling in front of the tomb crying. When Confucius asked her why she didn't leave here,
At this time, the woman replied, because there are no cruel government decrees here. Confucius sighed: The cruel government decrees are more ferocious and terrifying than tigers!
Zhao Kuo carefully calculated the grain production of the people. A strong labor force can cultivate fifty acres of cultivated land, and he himself consumes about thirty stones of corn in one year. Calculating three stones per mu, then
Probably a strong labor force can get 150 dan of grain by cultivating 50 acres of arable land. If he pays 120 dan of grain, he can keep 30 dan of grain...
Oh, just leave enough food for him to eat for a year.
This damn tax actually covers this!
Of course, this is just a calculation. It is impossible for a family to have all strong laborers, and it is impossible to have good weather all the time. What's even more terrible is that the labor force in the family who can cultivate fifty acres of farmland must spend one month every year.
He took a month to practice, and a month to serve in the army, helping to build roads, palaces, etc., and going to the battlefield from time to time.
Zhao Kuo suddenly realized the despair of the Zhao people who stayed behind after hundreds of thousands of soldiers gathered in Shangdang.
Zhao Kuo asked a lot more about the situation, and talked about it until the evening. No one dared to disturb Zhao Kuo's rest. The villagers left. Zhao Kuo sat in the inner room, and Han Fei sat in front of him. Zhao Kuo frowned and said,
He said seriously: "Five taxes and four taxes are too high. If I want to formulate reasonable taxes, I must come up with a tax rate that is both reasonable and will not seriously weaken the national strength. I need your help..."
"The teacher is right," Han Fei said. He recalled it seriously and said slowly, "I... I... noticed this when I was in Korea.
"South Korea's taxation is chaotic..." According to Han Fei, because of the different land owners, although South Korea's taxes are high, very few actually enter the national treasury because they have to go through layers of exploitation.
There are even some cultivated lands that are hidden.
Han Fei wanted to imitate the Qin State in implementing complete private ownership of land, and then tax the farmers according to the method of four taxes and one tax on the basis that the monarch bypassed the nobles and directly collected taxes from the peasants. Han Fei expressed a lot of his own opinions. Zhao
But Zhao Kuo shook his head, and Zhao Kuo said seriously: "I think that adjustments should be made according to the grain production situation in various places, and according to the grain production situation of a family in a year..."
Each family owns different cultivated land and has a different amount of labor force. Some cultivated land is fertile and some is poor. If all the cultivated land is taxed at a uniform tax rate, it is still a bit unreasonable. It would be better.
It means that the quota can be set... Han Fei also had his own opinion. Zhao Kuo and Han Fei discussed it all night without rest. It was not until the cockcrow started that Zhao Kuo realized that it was already dawn.
During these days, Zhao Kuo was very busy. He set up a school in Mafu and allowed all those who wanted to learn to study. Even those with humble backgrounds could come to study. Therefore, soon, Mafu gathered
Zhao Kuo recruited a group of poor people, old and young, who all wanted to learn knowledge from Ma Fujun. Of course, Zhao Kuo would also help those poor disciples who came to study but were penniless and could only eat scones once a day.
.
Regarding the matter of medical officers, he did not relax. Under his call, famous doctors from all over the country were rushing towards Handan, and King Zhao also agreed to Ma Fujun's request, setting up doctors to accompany the army, as well as doctors to treat people in various places.
Officials, the county has a subordinate doctor, a pediatrician, a facial features doctor, and a trauma doctor. They receive their salaries and distribute them to the county magistrate, who are responsible for treating the people in the county.
What doctors in this era most desire is to become the king's personal doctor and gain a prominent position through their superb medical skills. Now is of course a good opportunity. Being an official in Zhao State is a good way to show off your medical skills.
If you have the opportunity, maybe you can be retained by Ma Fujun and become Ma Fujun's doctor! Zhao Kuo also wants to meet King Zhao's personal doctor, and let him be in charge of setting up a school to teach doctors...
In addition to advancing medicine, Zhao Kuo also wanted to solve issues such as taxation, land, corvee, etc. No matter how difficult it was, he must find a way to save the already desperate people in this era.
.And in terms of getting other countries to follow suit and promoting changes in all countries, Zhao Kuo may be the only person who can realize it.
Qin State, Xianyang
Success reports came frequently from the Nanyang battlefield, which made King Qin both happy and worried. Even Fan Ju would not say anything more in the near future. The effect after Bai Qi arrived at the battlefield was extremely obvious. The soldiers who came to report
It is said that General Bai Qi has attacked Chendu. However, today, King Qin and Fan Ju are sitting together, not because of what happened on the battlefield, but because of Ma Fujun's letter.
Ma Fujun wrote to King Qin again, which made King Qin extremely excited, just like a fan who got a reply from his idol. The letter was sent by Fan Ju. King Qin looked at the letter seriously and was silent for a moment before handing the bamboo slip to Fan Ju.
, King Qin sighed with emotion: "Fortunately, Lord Ma Fu is not in Chu..." Fan Ju picked up the letter and read it carefully. There was nothing to say, but Zhao Kuo hoped that King Qin could forgive the captured soldiers of Chu.
Bai Qi should not kill them.
Fan Ju thought for a moment, and then his expression changed drastically. It took several months for this bamboo slip to arrive in Xianyang. In other words, Zhao Kuo realized very early that the Qin State was secretly replacing Bai Qi? He even anticipated that Bai Qi would do so.
Defeat the Chu State and capture the soldiers of the Chu State? Fan Ju raised his head and looked at the King of Qin. The King of Qin shook his head and said, "I haven't waited for the good news from Lord Wu An, but Lord Ma Fu has already given the answer. It seems that this
In this war, Lord Wu An will be able to achieve a great victory."
Fan Ju didn't speak. King Qin smiled and smiled, but suddenly his face turned ferocious. He said angrily: "A talented person with both civil and military skills! What kind of virtue does Zhao Dan have?!" Fan Ju said quietly.
Hearing King Qin curse King Zhao in the most vicious words, King Qin cursed for a long time before he stopped. He sighed and said: "It's a pity that such a person cannot be used by others..."
"Your Majesty, what should we do with Mr. Wu An?"
"What about the prisoners? What does Uncle Fan think we should do?"
Fan Ju said calmly: "Immediately order Wu Anjun not to kill the prisoners."
King Qin frowned and said solemnly: "Weakening the Chu State is the strategy you proposed. If you release those prisoners and weaken the Chu State, the purpose is not achieved, but Qin's national power is wasted out of thin air. How can this be okay?"
What's more, I heard that the Chu people killed the Qin soldiers, and they didn't show mercy, so why should we let them go?"
Fan Ju added: "Keeping these Chu soldiers alive can better achieve the purpose of weakening Chu... I will make these 300,000 people my helpers in weakening Chu... This is easier than killing them."
Even more advantageous..." He squinted his eyes and said seriously: "In the past, Han Fei once asked Ma Fujun about the method of war. He said: quickly gather troops and occupy the enemy before he can react.
The main road, cut off their communication..."
Fan Ju talked about Zhao Kuo's affairs, and King Qin became serious. Fan Ju then smiled and said: "The method Ma Fu said is indeed very useful, and it is very suitable for Wu An. Lord Wu An likes to march quickly.
, win by surprise...Since we use what he calls mobile warfare and information warfare, why not also use what Ma Fujun calls ideological warfare?"
"We need to let the soldiers know what they are fighting for and defeat the enemy ideologically..."
King Qin was not moved by Fan Ju's words because of Lord Ma Fu. He frowned and said, "No... I don't know whether this ideological war can weaken the Chu State, but I know that killing these soldiers of the Chu State will
It will definitely weaken the state of Chu. I don’t like to do unpredictable things."
"Your Majesty... If Lord Wu An kills 300,000 soldiers... then what will you reward him with? 300,000 heads? What kind of reward should he get?"
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King Qin was stunned immediately, frowning and saying nothing, but he was a little shaken.
Fan Ju walked out of the palace and laughed.
What kind of person is Mr. Wu An? How could he let those prisoners go?
As long as he disobeys the king's order and kills those prisoners privately... Well, Mr. Wu An, please go on your way.
ps: There are no book reviews to copy recently, I am so tired from writing.