The four hundred and fortieth chapters are able to work hard
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Zhao Kuo finally took up an official position, and because of his title and terrible prestige, as soon as the official position of University Jijiu appeared, although the position was among the Nine Qings, it was considered by the officials to be as good as the three Dukes. They only heard that
It is said that people become prominent because of their official positions, but it is rare for official positions to become prominent because of people. It is precisely because of this that the university sacrificial wine since Zhao Kuo has become a symbol of glory. If you want to serve as this
To hold an official position, one must have sufficient academic achievements and popular prestige.
After Zhao Kuo received the order from the King of Qin, he started to get busy. He wanted to build the first primary school in Xianyang. This was the starting point of a government-run school. It might be the first time in history. Zhao Kuo smiled and said
I can already imagine how students for thousands of years have complained about themselves... However, this is all for your own good. Zhao Kuo placed the primary school in the west of Xianyang City, and purchased an official official here to prepare
Three villas for sale.
When the officials heard that Zhao Kuo wanted to buy his own courtyard and build a primary school here, they danced excitedly and refused to take the money, so they insisted on giving these courtyards to Zhao Kuo. But this was illegal. In the Qin Dynasty,
Giving gifts between officials was regarded as bribery. Of course, no one dared to say that Zhao Kuo accepted bribes, but Zhao Kuo was still unwilling to violate the law. He personally took the money and obtained it from the official at a high price.
Bought a villa.
The official said to the people around him: "Because of my behavior today, people will definitely regard me as a villain who is greedy for money!"
Zhao Kuo has chosen the address. Just having a building is not enough. There must be enough teachers, and then there are teaching materials and other things... Today's education is completely different from later education. First of all, today's population is very small, because
Due to perennial wars and disasters, the total population of all parts of China is probably less than 20 million, and the proportion of children under the age of fourteen is less than 20%.
Therefore, the number of children who can receive education in various places does not exceed four million. Among these four million children, there are many babies who have not yet grown up, and many girls, so the total number is only about one hundred.
Zhao Kuo does not discriminate against women, and he does not think that women can be deprived of their right to education. However, different eras have different limitations. Women’s liberation was completed thousands of years later. In today’s world,
In this era, even if some people want to liberate women, women themselves will not agree.
Because long-term education, and even the atmosphere of the entire society, determine all this.
The pre-Qin Dynasty was relatively tolerant of women, but even so, women were still not allowed to hold official positions, participate in wars, and basically could not get titles. The Qin State encouraged farming and textiles. Textile was of course a woman's business, but the achievements of women's textiles were not for women.
Instead of giving titles to women, they were given to her husband, her father, or her children. At this time, women could go out, and of course they could set up stalls and do business. However, because the Qin State itself was a farming and war-style society.
, and women are not very suitable for farming and fighting, so their status is not high.
However, compared with other countries, the status of women in Qin's farming and war-style society is higher. Husbands cannot domestically abuse their wives, otherwise they have to shave their beards. Women can go out, freely choose their spouses, and can engage in trade... Zhao
Kuo felt that the reason why the status of women in Qin was higher than that in other countries was also because of the war. During the war, all the men went out to fight, and the women who stayed behind were often responsible for many things.
Sometimes, she even has to shoulder her husband's responsibilities and work hard on the farmland.
When too many men died in battle, the labor force was borne by women. Over time, women's status improved. This is the same reason as the status of women soared after World War I and World War II.
Many people think that education in the Pre-Qin Dynasty was impossible, because no one could do it later. The problem is that although the productivity of this era was very low, its population was also very small. One million people would not be able to achieve it.
The children who can receive education are scattered in various counties of Qin State. Calculated based on the number of counties in Qin State, on average each county has to bear hundreds of students. This is not a very difficult thing...
Xianyang is the largest and richest economic center in the Qin State, with a population of just over 200,000. On another historical line, the King of Qin continued to migrate people from various places to Xianyang, creating the first city in China with a population of nearly one million
A large city with a large population... Unfortunately, education cannot be calculated on average. The development of various parts of the Qin State is extremely uneven. There are large counties like Xianyang and Handan, and small counties like Wusui and Bairen with thousands of people.
In other words, primary schools in Xianyang can serve tens of thousands of students, while primary schools in some counties may only have dozens of students...
These are all problems that need to be solved by Zhao Kuo himself, including the unification of enlightenment teaching materials, the establishment of academic fields, and the staffing of teachers... Zhao Kuo plunged into the waves of education and began to create
China's education industry. Zhao Kuo is very serious about his work and is not afraid of hard work. Regarding teachers, the Qin State now needs officials very much, so everyone who knows how to read has become an official. Zhao Kuo cannot follow Ying Zheng
to compete for these talents.
If the Qin State wanted to set up official schools in various places to complete the education of children, it would need more than 100,000 teachers. Such a staff would be a huge challenge to the Qin State, because in order to support these teachers, the Qin State must also be able to
Find so many teachers. Therefore, today's educational problems lie with teachers, not students. Zhao Kuo thought hard and found no good solution.
If you want to solve such a problem, you can only wait for the world to be peaceful and have enough officials in various places to establish a school system of this scale.
However, now we are only trying in the Guanzhong area, and the teacher is still enough. Zhao Kuo is not only the Wuchenghou of the Qin State, he is also the founder of the Zajia Mafu Sect.
Get enough teachers... As for the issue of teaching materials, the enlightenment teaching materials written by Li Si can still be applied. In addition to these, Zhao Kuo also needs teaching materials for different courses.
Of course, Chinese teaching materials cannot be as simple as enlightenment textbooks. Zhao Kuo could only recall and write a few simple stories. As the first stories that children can be exposed to, all he wrote were stories that promoted morality.
, It just so happens that making up short stories is not difficult, and Han Fei is very good at making up stories. This is the king of Chinese fables, and in mathematics courses, Zhao Kuo looked at Zhang Cang.
You have read books at my house for so long these days, so it’s time to repay you.
Zhang Cang was arrested by Zhao Kuo to compile teaching materials. It has to be said that the books he had read over the years had not been in vain. After Zhang Cang understood Zhao Kuo's intention, he followed Zhao Kuo's instructions and completed two sets of books suitable for beginners.
I only used the mathematics textbooks for less than two days. This Chinese mathematician still knows something. Because the schooling period of primary school is set to be two years, of course there are only two sets of textbooks required, but they are all very basic.
s things.
The education for these children should be about literacy, arithmetic, and establishing a correct value orientation. Zhao Kuo thought in his heart. Suddenly, he subconsciously thought of something new. Health education should be added. Physical education is probably
There is no need to teach them. After all, these children have been helping their parents in the farmland for a long time. It is impossible to say that they neglect to exercise. Of course, sometimes sports meetings and competitions can also be organized.
The main thing is health education. Wash your hands frequently, don't touch your eyes with dirty hands, pay attention to hygiene, don't urinate and defecate anywhere. These simple things can play some very important roles...Zhao Kuozheng
Zhang Cang was busy in the mansion every day, and Zhang Cang could not read with peace of mind. He could only follow him and help him. Cheng Xi, who had served as the school's priest in the past, also came back to help Zhao Kuo at this moment.
Sitting in the inner room, the three of them debated on issues such as textbooks, teachers, etc., or they just immersed themselves in writing, talking about course arrangements, breaks, school fields and other matters.
As time passed day by day, the primary school Zhao Kuo needed was officially completed in Xianyang. He changed the original courtyard into a school according to the appearance in his memory. Even after the school was completed, Zhao Kuo couldn't help but
He took out a pen and paper and wrote the words "Learning has no boundaries" on the spot and hung it on the wall. When Zhao Kuo was very busy, an old friend found him.
My old friend is Zhan from a farmer. Zhan looks very old, but in fact it’s just because he is exposed to the wind and sun in the cultivated fields. In fact, he is only a few years older than Zhao Kuo. These days, Zhan has been busy selecting seeds.
Breeding, Qin's conquest of various places allowed Zhan to display his ambitions in more places. Zhao Kuo really respected these people. These people were running around, and all they wanted was to let farmers have better harvests, so that
No one in the world will starve to death.
Zhan still looks very strong. These years have left countless marks on his body, which has made him thinner, but his thin body looks so lean. Zhan squints his eyes, and his face always wears a smile.
With a kind of honesty and cunningness belonging to an old farmer, "I just came back from Wei... The most fertile cultivated land in the world is gathered on both sides of the river, and nearly 70% of the farmers live on the riverside... I finally understand that Zheng Guo
Why are you so anxious to break ground along the river..."
Zhao Kuo listened carefully to Zhan's talk about the agricultural development in various places, and the two talked about the agricultural development in Yandi. After experiencing the primitive slash-and-burn farming state in the early days, China has made great progress.
The main reason is of course the demise of the well-field system and the emergence of the feudal landlord class. Private ownership of land increased farmers' enthusiasm for farming. In addition, the development of iron tools, the updating of agricultural tools, and the emergence of water conservancy projects everywhere.
The Zhangshui Canal of the Wei State, the Zhengguo Canal of the Qin State, Dujiangyan... the concept of grains officially appeared. Farmers specializing in agriculture discovered that the development of agricultural production must be adapted to local conditions. Fertilizing crops can increase yields. Farming requires deep plowing, soil breaking, and
Weeding. The technology of raising ridges every hour has been developed again at this time. According to this method, farmers have formulated a plan to plant crops in ridges and furrows in high-arid fields to prevent drought, and to plant crops in green ridges to prevent waterlogging in low-temperature fields.
farming methods.
This led to the emergence of advanced farming methods such as continuous cropping and multiple cropping in this era. In addition to farming, there have been huge improvements in gardening, animal husbandry and other aspects. Relevant laws have even been introduced. This is the earliest animal husbandry law in the world.
Zhan found Zhao Kuo today, of course, not to show off to him the achievements of the farmers in these days. He found Zhao Kuo for a very important matter, compiling agricultural books... Farmers have their own books.
It's called "Shen Nong", and it was written by Xu Xing, a sage from the farming family. Xu Xing and Mencius were in the same era, not too far away from now, and maybe from the same era as Pang Gong.
Relying on the ancient Shennong's words of "teaching the people farming", he advocated "planting millet and then eating" and "the sage should cultivate and eat alongside the people, and govern with good food". He led dozens of disciples, wearing short linen clothes, in Jianghan
Xu Xing led his disciples from Chu to Teng State. According to Xu Xing's request, Teng Wengong assigned him a piece of land that could be cultivated, and the management effect was very good. Chen Xiang, a disciple of the great Confucianist Chen Liang, and his younger brother Chen Xin led
Carrying farm tools, he came to Teng from the Song Dynasty to worship Master Xu Xing. He abandoned his Confucian views and became a loyal believer in the farming school.
In the same year, Meng Ke traveled to Teng, met Chen Xiang, and started a famous peasant-Confucian debate in history. From Mencius calling him a southern barbarian, we can probably know that he was from the Chu state... His main occupation was farming, and he was also engaged in handicrafts.
In production, he also realized the important role of market exchange of goods, and had in-depth research and understanding of prices. His "Shen Nong" has also become the main book for farmers.
But the problem is that "Shen Nong" is a political book. It is a book that Xu Xing uses Shen Nong to persuade the king on how to behave. It is not an agricultural technology book. It is worth mentioning that today's Zhan is Xu Xing's disciple
Zhan wanted to write a popular science book on agricultural technology. Zhan could farm and study, but writing books was not his strong point. He didn't know how to write down his theory simply.
He thought that he had a friend who was very good at writing books, so he came to Zhao Kuo and asked him for help.
Of course school is a very important thing, but in the face of farming, school things can be put aside temporarily, because there are still many people who don’t have enough to eat, and this is the most important thing. If there is a book that can explain various
The officials of the Qin State will definitely promote agricultural farming technology under their rule for the sake of the competition... This is a very good thing. To promote advanced agricultural technology, Zhao Kuo did not hesitate and immediately agreed to help.
"If you are busy compiling agricultural books, what about the official affairs? We have to hurry up and summon enough sacrificial wine..." Zhang Cang asked with some confusion.
Zhao Kuo looked at him and narrowed his eyes.
"Cang, I heard that those who are capable should work harder!"