In the following days, Zhao Kuo lived a relatively leisurely life. He listened to Huang Shigong's advice and no longer rushed to complete the changes in his mind, giving the people and officials a chance to relax. However, Zhao Kuo
Kuo suddenly stopped interfering, and most of the New Deal fell into the hands of the emperor and the prime ministers. The emperor has always been impatient. It is impossible for you to let him sit in the palace and quietly watch the development of various places.
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He always wants to do something, and the left and right prime ministers all have different views on future strategies. Han Fei believes that Qin's next goal should be to complete a new transformation in the system, and
All other things must be compromised for system changes. Qin has always attached great importance to future strategies, from Fan Ju's eastward strategy, to the unification strategy of Lu Buwei's period, to the New Deal strategy of Li Si's era.
Han Fei is a firm supporter of the New Deal, not only because this is what the teacher proposed, but also because Han Fei sees the importance of changing the system. To turn Qin into the Qin Dynasty, it is not just about completing the unification, but also because Han Fei sees the importance of changing the system.
Only by matching a series of systems that can match the unification. Zhao Kuo's previous reforms seemed to have given Han Fei a lot of inspiration, and Han Fei proposed four institutional changes.
The first is the reform of local systems. Local integration must be completed as soon as possible. Nowadays, counties have been established in various places, but counties, cities and towns have not yet been accurately divided. This problem must be solved first, and then there is the problem of local officials. As soon as the world is settled, officials will
Corruption and perversion of the law began, and Han Fei was also worried that worse things would happen in the future, so he wanted to set up a complete supervision system. Han Fei directly suggested setting up local supervision areas.
The so-called supervision area is to divide several counties into a supervision area. The emperor directly dispatches officials to carry out supervision. They inspect the counties, supervise the counties, county officials and local powerful officials to detect lawlessness, impeach corrupt officials, and have a higher status.
It was above the local political officials. According to Han Fei's idea, he wanted to divide the world into ten supervisory areas. Many of what Zhao Kuo said unintentionally became the direction of Han Fei's research.
Han Fei wanted to divide the world into ten supervisory areas, including You, Ji, Bing, Yan, Qing, Yang, Jing, Yi, Liang, and Si, and send governors to each state to directly supervise. But for such a big matter, Han Fei would not
Among the four questions, it is just one of them. Han Fei's second reform is aimed at law. Han Fei proposed to divide the law and formulate basic laws and criminal laws, civil laws, economic laws, etc. Among them, the basic laws are
No modification is allowed, and the emperor must abide by it.
In order to prevent the law from being no longer applicable, Han Fei formulated a harsh amendment plan. If the law is to be amended, all officials must gather together and negotiate before the amendment can be made. Even the emperor cannot modify it privately. Han Fei's
The concept of the supremacy of law officially made Legalism take a new step. In the past, Legalism served the king. Even people like Shang Yang recognized this. The law was only a tool for the king to rule the people. The king himself was not
restricted by law.
Han Fei, on the other hand, wanted to take the law away from the king and turn it into a tool of stability for the world. He also wanted to lock the emperor into the cage of the law. The Legalists, who were originally united, changed their minds after Han Fei took this step.
, a complete split, and two ideas of law assisting the king and law serving the country emerged. Han Fei separated the king from the country. If this was the original Shi Huangdi, he would have probably been torn apart.
But today's emperor is not so irritable. Facing Han Fei's proposal, the emperor is very unhappy. As a hero of the generation, the First Emperor certainly does not want to enter the cage, not to mention that now he has completed the unification of the world.
Even the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors did not pay attention to his great achievements. How do you expect such an arrogant and domineering person to obey the law? This is somewhat unlikely, but when Han Fei came to visit the First Emperor, the Emperor was still willing to meet him.
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Han Fei came to persuade the emperor, but the emperor was unwilling to explain to Han Fei in person, so Han Fei saw many ministers sitting in front of the emperor. These people looked at him with half-smiling faces, and it looked like the knife in the emperor's hand.
When Han Fei chose to sit down, the officials began to attack. The first was Mao Jiao from Qi, who had served as the prefect of Nanjun. Zhao Kuo also recognized his ability. Unfortunately, this man was too old-fashioned and could not accept Han Fei at all.
The doctrine of non.
"I heard that the people care about the tripod. Will they respect the nobles? If the hierarchy of superiority and inferiority is disrupted, how will the country be governed? What you are doing now is not just to engrave the law on the tripod.
They are suing, but they want to put the king in the cauldron and share the food!!" Mao Jiao used an allusion when he started, saying that if you quarrel with these people, you won't be able to quarrel if you don't read enough books.
What Mao Jiao is talking about is that when Zhao Yang, the ruler of the Jin Dynasty, "cast a punishment book on a tripod" and made it public, what Confucius said had two purposes. One was to remind Han Fei not to forget the distinction between nobility, and the other was to clarify the requirements of the law.
The country can be governed well only if it is in the hands of the nobles.
"I heard that it is to enable the people to grasp in advance the rules of right and wrong established by the rulers, and to have the possibility to predict the consequences of personal actions... This is the reason for the tripod. And what I want to do is to let the rulers
Politicians can control their own rules of right and wrong in advance, and have the possibility to predict the consequences of personal actions. Sons cast tripods, laws were made public, Shang Jun wrote books, and the Qin State rose, and laws were clarified with accurate words.
Telling those in power what is right and wrong, how can this be considered sharing food?"
"You said honor and inferiority, then I want to ask you, do noble people never make mistakes? Do lowly people have no merit? Can noble people continue to maintain their dignity if they make mistakes? Lowly people
If you do good deeds, can you become noble? Nobility and lowliness can be changed. What you say makes no sense!" Han Fei's eyes widened and he was not polite.
Mao Jiao's face turned red, and he said: "Uncle Zhong Yu Xi from Xinzhu saved Sun Huanzi, and Sun Huanzi was saved from death. After that, the Wei people wanted to reward Uncle Zhong Yu Xi with a fiefdom, but Uncle Zhong Yu Xi declined, but asked to use it when he came to court.
Quxuan, Fanying's gift, Wei Jun agreed to Zhongshu Yu Xi's request. Confucius said: Only ritual vessels and famous names cannot be lent to others!" Han Fei sneered, and he said: "Since you mentioned it
If you know Confucius, then I also want to tell you something."
"You want to say that making laws and enforcing laws are the prerogative of the king. At first, Zichan did not allow the destruction of the school and allowed scholars to discuss it. Confucius said: If someone tells him that Zichan is unkind and righteous again, he will not believe it.
!", Han Fei said angrily: "Don't the king's dignity come from the strength of the country? For example, King Qi and King Zhao are also kings, so what can their dignity do? A system that is beneficial to the country will make the king become a king.
To be more noble, a system that is not conducive to the country will make the king the same as a slave!"
"You are a Legalist scholar. Please allow me to use Legalist ideas to discuss with you." Wei Zhuang stood up. As the current Jiuqing, he had a high status and was very capable. He stood up and said
: "Shang Jun said: In ancient times, when there was no superiority between monarchs and ministers, the people were in chaos and disorder. Therefore, saints divided nobles and inferiors, formulated titles, and established names to distinguish the hierarchical relationship between monarchs and ministers."
"Only when the monarch is dignified can the laws be enforced; when the officials are clear-minded, can political affairs be regular; only when the laws are clear can the people fear punishment. If the laws are unclear, it is impossible to ask the people to obey the laws!"
"Your current behavior is to make the monarch lose his dignity. Did your Majesty break the law? Do you really want to deal with him? Could it be that your Majesty broke the law??" In fact, Legalists have always been the king's most loyal licking dog, even if
It will be the same in the future. Therefore, monarchs like to keep a few Legalist dogs to bite people. When Han Fei heard what he said, he couldn't help laughing, and he said: "Why don't you continue?
Woolen cloth?"
"Shang Jun said: Therefore, the Ming Lord attaches great importance to laws and regulations, does not listen to speeches that are illegal, respects behaviors that are illegal, and does not do things that are illegal. If the speech is in line with the law, he will obey it; if the behavior is in line with the law, he will be respected; things are in line with the law.
If it is in compliance with the law, then do it. Therefore, the country's politics will be clear, its territory will expand, its military force will be strong, and the status of the monarch will be improved. This is the highest state of political clarity. A monarch must be discerning!"
"You haven't read the entire Shang Jun book yet? Otherwise, why would you only pick out one sentence to refute me?"
Next, the battle became a bit fierce. Ministers from various schools came down to tear Han Fei apart. Han Fei just cursed at them, "It doesn't matter what family you are from, or what sect you are from." The more Han Fei talked, the more he got more and more angry.
He was so excited that he even began to stutter like he did when he was young. He said: "As the first emperor in the world, your Majesty is like a blank piece of paper, like the foundation of a tall building!"
"What the foundation is like, so will the high-rise buildings in the future. If your Majesty can obey the law and be willing to restrain his power, future emperors will definitely follow suit, so that the Qin Dynasty can survive for a long time. If your Majesty is tyrannical today, what will happen in the future?"
The emperors now know how to do things. If this continues, how long can the foundation of several generations last?"
"Bold Han Fei! Suddenly you dare to curse your family and country like this!" Immediately, a minister seized on Han Fei's "ZZ is incorrect" to make an argument. While everyone was debating, the First Emperor was also frowning, thinking about this. Han Fei
He is not a totalitarian. These days, Han Fei always proposes to transfer local power to the central government and create what he calls a high degree of centralization. However, he always talks about limiting the power of the king. This
Isn’t it contradictory to centralization of power?
The emperor who had experienced the education of Zhao Kuo and others was not stupid. He could think of what Han Fei meant. Han Fei was worried that the emperor would become a reason for the destruction of the country, but the arrogant emperor was unwilling to let go.
You cannot be controlled by others, not anyone! You are the emperor, the most noble person in the world, how can you be restricted by your own laws?
Han Fei was at full strength. He pointed at the ministers in front of him and became angrier as he spoke. Adjectives such as "five kinds of moths" and "uneducated dung pickers in the countryside" kept popping up from his mouth.
Almost all the ministers were humiliated by him. However, there were many ministers and they were elites from various schools. They actually started a war with Han Fei, and the topic changed from the law to the relationship between the king and the country.
Each school has its own theories and allusions. Han Fei is also very powerful. He can fight with these people without falling behind. However, no matter how powerful he is, he can't stand such a siege. These people don't give Han Fei a chance to speak.
Han Fei was a little angry. He really couldn't understand what these stupid people were thinking. As a minister, he actually opposed using laws to restrict the emperor?
Han Fei said angrily: "Your Majesty, please give the order and we will discuss it later!" Seeing Han Fei's tired look, the First Emperor of course agreed. Everyone temporarily stopped fighting, and Han Fei called a warrior and gave him some orders.
, the warrior left here. Everyone squinted their eyes and couldn't figure out what Han Fei wanted to do for a while. Han Fei rested for a moment, then stood up, looked at everyone, and took the lead in starting the battle: "I heard that the essence of the law
It is a tool to rule, but who is the ruler?"
"The emperor is the common ruler of the world, but is the emperor the world itself?"
In the original historical line, Han Fei was a staunch scholar who used the law for the king. However, due to the influence of Zhao Kuo, especially after seeing the great unification, his thoughts changed drastically. Just as the ministers followed him
While Han Fei was arguing, an old man walked into the palace staggeringly on crutches. At this moment, everyone was stunned. They finally understood what Han Fei had sent the warriors to do.
Even the emperor stood up hurriedly, and the ministers paid their respects. The old man then sat next to Han Fei.
"I heard that the ministers had a quarrel because of their discord, so I came." Zhao Kuo said, he squinted his eyes, looked at Han Fei beside him, and asked: "What happened?
"
"They opposed the use of laws to limit the power of kings."
Zhao Kuo nodded, and then looked at the people in front of him. With Zhao Kuo here, no one dared to speak. Wei Xiang gritted his teeth, stepped forward, looked at Zhao Kuo in front of him, and leaned down to salute.
Then he said: "Please discern..." Zhao Kuo suddenly stood up, pointed at him, looked at the emperor, and said: "Your Majesty, please kill this man immediately! Kill his clan!!
"
Wei Zhuang's eyes widened. He looked at Zhao Kuo in front of him and was at a loss. Why did Marquis Wu Cheng kill him? What did he do wrong?
The First Emperor was also a little surprised. He looked at his father's appearance and saw that he didn't seem to be joking, so he immediately ordered, "Here comes someone!" At that moment, a warrior suddenly stepped forward, grabbed Wei Zheng, and was about to take him out.
After dragging him, Wei Zhuang shouted angrily: "What on earth did I do wrong?! Why did Marquis Wu Cheng kill me?! What crime did I commit?!" Zhao Kuo looked at him calmly and ignored him.
Then he looked at the other ministers, who were even more frightened and lowered their heads in a hurry, not daring to speak.
None of them expected that Zhao Kuo would kill someone just because of a dispute with Han Fei. Han Fei was even more surprised. He hurriedly tried to dissuade such illegal behavior. He said, "What mistake did he make? What law did he break?"
How can an innocent person be executed?" Zhao Kuo laughed and replied: "Because the emperor's behavior is not restricted by the law, he did not violate any laws, but the emperor still has the right to execute him."
At that moment, Han Fei understood Zhao Kuo's intention. Zhao Kuo stretched out his hand to stop the warriors who wanted to execute Wei Zhuang and asked him to stand up.
"Do you know now why you have to restrict the king?" Zhao Kuo asked with a smile.
Wei Zhuang was stunned. He took a deep breath, bowed to Zhao Kuo, and then retreated.
The emperor also understood Zhao Kuo's intention and lowered his head in thought.
"Your Majesty... the emperor is supreme and can change the entire world at will. If a Han king emerges from your descendants... think about it, what will the world be like?"
At that moment, the First Emperor shuddered as he recalled the former Korean king. He raised his head and said, "What Wu Chenghou said is absolutely true!"
