It's not that Manzheng was too reckless in fighting, but that the Ming generals were really not used to winning with artillery fire.
In other words, their thinking on naval warfare has not completely changed. Either they rush directly to join the gang, or they engage in sea-fire tactics.
The majestic Dutch in history were defeated by Zheng Zhilong's fire attack. At that time, the Ming army had a total of 150 ships, and they actually used 100 of them as fire ships, which directly burned the Dutch commander into confusion. How had they ever seen this?
How to form a formation? That's a hundred ships. Burn them at will. What a waste of money!
At this moment, Berio's main ship was in dire straits.
His predecessors were also overtaken by Arabian galleys in the Battle of Diu, and now they are just repeating the same mistake. But Berio is not as lucky as his predecessors. He cannot bully the enemy's short ship and find it difficult to join the gang. The Ming treasure ship is much taller than his main ship.
many!
Seeing that all the sailors on the deck had been killed by the Ming army, Berio swallowed his saliva and walked out with his adjutant under a white flag.
"I am a noble, please give me the treatment that a noble deserves." Berio didn't seem to have lost the battle. He arranged his clothes while walking and wore his hat neatly.
Several Ming Navy soldiers rushed up and knocked him down. One of them laughed and said: "Commander, we caught a red-haired official!"
Berio was held down with his face pressed to the deck. He shouted angrily: "I am a Portuguese royal noble. You can't do this to me. Let me go!"
Manzheng came over and asked: "Where is the interpreter? Let this guy order the entire army to surrender!"
The translator on board the ship was unlucky. When the treasure ship was under siege, it was blown to pieces by a cannonball.
Manzheng could only ask the soldiers to change the flag and lower the Portuguese flag.
The Portuguese main ship changed flags, and the auxiliary ship was sinking again. The morale of the remaining warships suddenly dropped sharply. More than 40 Portuguese warships on the left wing were besieging more than a dozen Portuguese warships captured by the Ming Dynasty, and had achieved an overwhelming victory. At this time, they were immediately abandoned
The enemy chose to run away. They were far away from the main battlefield and ran away easily, and the Ming Dynasty Navy was unable to pursue them.
On the main battlefield, the situation quickly evolved into a pursuit and melee.
The pursuit lasted two days and two nights. The treasure ship was so seriously damaged that we had no choice but to return midway through the pursuit.
In this battle, 4 Portuguese large Karak warships were captured and 1 was sunk by artillery. 7 small Karak warships were captured and 3 were sunk. 6 Caravel battleships were captured and 14 were sunk. Others
Of the small warships and armed merchant ships, 11 were captured and 5 were sunk. A total of 51 warships were lost, and the remaining 54 escaped, accounting for nearly half of the battle losses.
The Ming Navy sunk 1 battleship, 3 small warships, 3 armed merchant ships, 8 Portuguese ships captured from Hangzhou, and 13 Malacca galleys. They also suffered heavy losses because they suffered heavy losses during the charge.
Got bombarded by too many enemy ships.
Especially the King of Malacca's fleet, which had a total of 23 ships, lost 13 of them.
Such a disastrous victory made Manzheng furious and pointed his cannon at the Portuguese castle: "Your fleet has been defeated. If you don't surrender, the castle will be razed to the ground!"
This guy dismantled the ship's artillery and fired a random bombardment around the castle. After half an hour of bombardment, the Portuguese defenders in the castle waved a white flag and announced their surrender.
…
India, Goa.
"What, only half of our fleet escaped? My brother was also captured?" Duarte, the Portuguese Governor of India, was shocked.
A captain who escaped said: "Your Majesty the Governor, the opponent's main ship is too powerful. It was hit by dozens of cannonballs, but it can still charge and engage in boarding battles. The Chinese navy is invincible. If they build a few more ships like this of ships, I’m afraid Goa will be taken away by China.”
Duarte was furious: "That's nonsense. How can there be a warship in the world that hasn't sunk even after being hit by dozens of shells?"
Another captain said: "Your Excellency Governor, we are not lying. I even saw with my own eyes that the hull of the opponent's main ship was hit by several cannonballs, and the sea water was poured in, but the big ship did not sink. They must have I took refuge in the devil, and the ship was enchanted by the devil, so it could never sink."
Another captain echoed: "Yes, it must be magic. This kind of magic was traded from the devil, and the price must be very serious, so China can only build one."
Faced with the unanimous response, Duarte could not remain calm and muttered: "Does China really have an unsinkable devil's warship?"
"Your Excellency, Governor, we can't fight anymore, otherwise the Indian Ocean will be lost." The captains advised each other.
Although Duarte is arrogant, he really has no ambitions or pursuits. He just wants to make more money in Asia and return to Portugal to enjoy the rest of his life. If he really loses Goa and the Indian Ocean, he will definitely die an ugly death after returning to his country.
"Bring the Chinese envoy." Duarte said.
Zhan Ruoshui was quickly taken to the Governor's Mansion and had his shackles removed. This small move made Zhan Ruoshui laugh, because he guessed that the Portuguese must have suffered a big loss.
Duarte said: "Portugal has always loved peace and is unwilling to go to war with China. We hope that the two countries can quickly negotiate a peace and restore the east-west maritime trade channel."
The last sentence is the key!
The Portuguese aristocrats do not even care whether Malacca is lost or not, they are only afraid that Malacca's waterway will be cut off. As long as Malacca's navigation is cut off for more than half a year, the Portuguese aristocrats will collectively fry the pot, and each one of them can kill Duarte with one bite.
The governor immediately sent envoys to Malacca to conduct peace negotiations with the Ming Dynasty Navy and the King of Malacca.
The negotiations were deadlocked for two full months. During the negotiation period, flights to Malacca were suspended, and Duarte's pressure increased. Portugal came to the East not to dominate, but to rob and do business. The biggest responsibility of the Governor-General of India was to make money for Portugal.
Finally, Duarte agreed to the harsh conditions, and the three parties jointly signed the "Malacca Agreement"——
First, the King of Malacca has sovereignty over Malacca, which is recognized by the Ming Dynasty and Portugal. Without the permission of the King of Malacca, no warship from any country is allowed to sail into the waters of Malacca.
Second, in order to thank Ming Dynasty for its help, the King of Malacca presented Temasek, Aragon Gamun, Bintan Island, and nearby islands to Ming Dynasty. Ming Dynasty enjoyed sovereignty over these islands, and warships from other countries were not allowed to approach without Ming Dynasty's permission.
Third, in order to make up for the losses of the Ming Dynasty and Malacca, Portugal compensated Malacca one tael of silver, Ming Dynasty 50,000 taels of silver, and 10,000 taels of gold. The captured Portuguese officers and soldiers were redeemed at the agreed price.
Fourth, the three countries promised each other to allow each other's merchant ships to trade within each other's spheres of influence. However, the longest trade distance of the merchant ships of the Ming Dynasty and Malacca must not exceed the port of Goa, otherwise Portugal has the right to attack them.
According to Manzheng's idea, since he had strong combat power, he could occupy Malacca and Goa and use them as overseas territories of the Ming Dynasty.
But before the expedition, Wang Yuan had an order. The goal of this war was to seize overseas strongholds. It was enough to capture Temasek (Singapore). Aragon Teeth and Bintan Island were both taken by the way. If the King of Malacca really disagreed, he could give up.
Wang Yuan never imagined that the Ming Dynasty Navy would lose nearly half of the Portuguese and Indian fleets during the expedition!
But even if Wang Yuan himself is here, he will not change the planned plan rashly.
Ming Dynasty is now taking the first step. If it can capture the three big islands, it can continue to immigrate here. When the number of overseas immigrants is considerable, the next step will be smoother. There is no need to completely fall out with Malacca and Portugal.
Portugal is in the west, Ming Dynasty is in the east, and Malacca in the middle is a buffer. The situation is very favorable to Ming Dynasty.
Once the persecution goes too far, Portugal and Malacca may unite to deal with the Ming Dynasty's oppression.
Moreover, there were too many internal dissidents in the Ming Dynasty, and countless officials opposed the opening of the sea. Even the "Malacca Agreement" was not recognized by the court. It was an international diplomatic contract signed privately by the Ming Navy with the emperor's acquiescence.
Bao Chaoxiang, the second senior brother of the Physics School, completely became a maritime businessman. Following Wang Yuan's orders, he organized immigrants through commercial means and took the people of the Ming Dynasty to reclaim wasteland in Southeast Asia.
There are a large number of stateless refugees in several southern provinces, and they are always a hidden danger to local governments.
Holding the emperor's token, the Prime Minister secretly found the chief officials in various places and continuously transported the refugees to Temasek, Aragon Gate and Bintan Island. In order to get the local officials to cooperate, a refugee who boarded the ship in good health could give the officials two coins - no
If you dare to give too much, you are afraid of creating a human trade. In this way, many beggars will be captured by the officials.
Then, Prime Minister Bao made a big announcement that the land on the three overseas islands of the Ming Dynasty was fertile. As long as the Han people came to the islands, they could open up wasteland at will. They could also borrow seeds and farm tools from the Ming Dynasty navy, and if they cleared and cultivated the land for more than three years, they would get land deeds.
There are indeed some coastal people who can't survive and borrow money to take a boat to the three islands. And there are many of them, because even without these tempting conditions, there are still coastal people who risk their lives and go to sea to survive from time to time.
What is Man doing?
Keep fighting!
The Linga Islands near Longyamen, also known as Longya Islands, are generally regarded as belonging to Longyamen. The natives on the islands had defected to Portugal before, and the Ming Dynasty Navy had enough reasons to conquer them.
It was very bloody and cruel. After the natives were captured, the men worked as slaves to mine and farm. The women were directly assigned to Chinese immigrants, because Chinese immigrants were mainly male, and it was difficult to reproduce quickly without wives.
These all happened after the summer of the fifteenth year of Zhengde. The time when Wang Yuan and the emperor returned to the capital was the autumn of the fourteenth year of Zhengde.