Thirty-eight-year-old Nie Bao saluted Wang Yuan respectfully: "Greetings, senior brother!"
"Brother Wen Wei is older, so you don't have to be so formal." Wang Yuan bowed in return and pulled Nie Bao to sit down. "How is your health, teacher?"
Nie Bao said: "If you get sick occasionally, you're generally fine."
Wang Yuan smiled and said: "Brother Wen Wei is doing really well in Huating, and he ranked first in the country this year!"
Nie Bao said modestly: "It's just practicing the teachings of the heart."
Nie Bao was a Jinshi in the twelfth year of Zhengde's reign and was awarded the title of magistrate of Huating County. Just after he took office, he encountered a severe drought for a hundred years, and Huating County had no harvest.
He first attacked the civil servants and quickly dealt with the old ones. Then he attacked the civil servants and recovered 18,600 taels of corrupt tax money and more than 5,600 shi of rice. The civil servants had great authority in the court.
A relative was a high-ranking official, but was captured by Nie Bao and a few officials.
With money and food, Nie Bao immediately began to provide disaster relief. At the same time, he inspected the temple fields in the county, distributed the fertile land occupied by the monks to the homeless victims, and forced the monks to help with the disaster relief.
Next, Nie Bao wooed the local gentry and persuaded them to also provide food for disaster relief. It was at that time that Xu Jie met Nie Bao and studied mind science with Nie Bao, becoming a disciple of Wang Yangming without formal initiation.
After the disaster relief was completed, Nie Bao rectified the official administration, set various rules, and followed them by example. No official in Huating dared to violate them.
Nie Bao served as the county magistrate in Huating for six years, dredging more than 30,000 canals and repairing more than 12,000 abandoned ponds. This completely solved the water shortage problem in the county, greatly increased food production, and abolished exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes. In a few years, there were
More than 3,200 households (tens of thousands of people) who fled the country voluntarily returned to their hometowns to settle down.
No one can suppress such a terrifying political performance. This time he passed the exam and was ranked first in the country.
"Has the imperial court made any arrangements for Brother Wen Wei?" Wang Yuan asked.
Nie Bao replied: "It has been decided. Liao Shangshu personally appointed him to patrol Fujian."
The magistrate of the county is the seventh rank, and the censor is still the seventh rank. It seems that Nie Bao was just dismissed, but in fact he has come under the scrutiny of the officials.
As we all know, governors and governors are very powerful, but they are restrained by the little patrol censor. Moreover, the imperial court clearly stipulates that local examinations, executions and severe punishments, trials of unjust cases, participation (impeachment) and selection (promotion) of officials, discipline (records) inspection
(Verification) Merits and rewards, the governor is not allowed to interfere in these matters, they are all within the scope of the patrol censor's authority.
When Wang Yuan was the governor of Zhejiang, he was disgusted by the censor of Zhejiang several times, but they made peace again because of the punishment of infant drowning.
From county magistrate to patrol censor directly, Nie Bao has soared into the sky. His next promotion will probably be to magistrate!
Wang Yuan nodded and said: "Liao Shangshu has always dealt with things rather than people when he was in politics, and did not ask about his origin or faction. It is probably that Brother Wen Wei ranked first in the country in the exam, which alerted Liao Shangshu and personally talked to the Ministry of Household Affairs and the Metropolitan Procuratorate.
Contact us and appoint you as the censor of Fujian Province."
Governors, governors and censors are often subordinate to the Metropolitan Procuratorate. However, when selecting officials, the opinions of the Ministry of Personnel are mainly used. For example, when appointing the governor of Huguang, the Ministry of Personnel will consult with the Ministry of Household Affairs; in the case of Liaodong
The governor and the Ministry of Personnel need to discuss the matter with the Ministry of War. If there are differences of opinion, the Ministry of Personnel will initiate and preside over the recommendation, and finally leave it to the emperor to make a decision.
Nie Bao said with a smile: "No matter what position you hold, it is just four words of 'loyalty to the emperor and love for the people'. The heart is the principle. This heart is free from selfish desires. It is the principle of heaven. There is no need to add anything external. This is the heart of pure justice."
"What you do to your father is filial piety; what you do to your king is loyalty; what you do to your friends is trust; what you do to the people is benevolence."
Wang Yuan praised: "Brother Wen Wei has mastered the Samadhi of Xinxue."
Nie Bao said quickly: "I only have a superficial understanding of it."
The two chatted for a while and then headed to Chengnan Institute of Physics together.
Zou Shouyi, Fang Xianfu and other successors of Xinxue have all settled down in the capital. However, Zou Shouyi was appointed to the Imperial Academy for review, while Fang Xianfu is still waiting to fill the vacancy. They hold lectures in the capital, spread the idea of Xinxue, and sometimes go out on the street
lectures, and sometimes in lecture halls of the School of Physics.
At this moment, hundreds of people gathered inside and outside the lecture hall, including disciples of the physics school and ordinary scholars who were attracted.
Zou Shouyi stood on the stage and said: "Liangzhi has no fixed body and is all-encompassing; it knows good and eliminates evil, and it naturally prevails. Liangzhi is both empty and natural. It is always silent and always aware, always silent and always bright.
There is no difference between movement and stillness. Because it is complete and complete, intentional human effort to damage it is not the true nature of conscience... How to develop conscience? My teacher Yangminggong once said that there should be the merit of vigilance and fear. I think, Yangminggong
The principle of caution and fear is the same as Cheng and Zhu Xian’s principle of respect, respect, and respect. They are all for the purpose of preserving heaven’s principles and destroying human desires..."
Hearing this, Nie Bao frowned instantly. He felt that Zou Shouyi was misinterpreting Yangming Xinxue.
After listening carefully for a while, Nie Bao didn't bother to go over to defend himself, and directly chose to say goodbye to Wang Yuan and leave.
Although there were many schools of Yangming's Mind Studies in the mid-Ming Dynasty, they were classified by later researchers into three schools, namely: Wangmen Left School, Wangmen Right School and Wangmen Traditional School (Japanese researchers divided them into: Guiji School, Xiuzheng School
pie and ready-made pie).
The left wing of the Wang Clan is dominated by the Taizhou School, whose founder is Wang Gen.
Why is it called leftist? Because it is too radical. What is beneficial to the people is the Tao. As long as everyone lives their own life, they are practicing the Tao to benefit the country and the people. Even merchants doing business legally are practicing the Tao.
road.
The right wing of the Wang Clan is dominated by the Guiji Sect, and Nie Bao is one of the representatives, but he has not yet established a sect.
Nie Bao believes that the principles of heaven should be found in silence and silence. His group wants to be a saint. I have to examine myself three times every day, cultivate myself, govern the country and bring peace to the world. He believes that only scholar-officials can help the country and save all people. Every scholar-official can do it.
Everyone should cultivate their moral integrity and uphold integrity, restrain themselves first, and then influence others.
As for the Wangmen Traditional School, the representative figure is Zou Shouyi. They first recognized Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, and then developed psychology based on Neo-Confucianism, which is equivalent to an improvement of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism.
When a rightist encounters a traditionalist lecture, it’s strange that he can listen to it!
Historically, when mind science developed into the late Ming Dynasty, another revisionist school (Donglin School) appeared. The Donglin School and the Wangmen Right School had very close ideas, both of which "respected virtue". However, in practice, many
The Donglin sect always asks others to "respect the virtues", and it is difficult to say whether they themselves are virtuous or not. However, the right wing of the Wang family, represented by Nie Bao, practices morality themselves and then goes to influence the people.
As for the left wing of the Wang family, they later developed the "Crazy Zen School" and the "Practical School".
The Kuang Zen sect, which is like Confucianism but not Confucianism, like Zen but not Zen, advocates breaking all shackles and removing all shackles of doctrine, so that we can return to the true nature of "natural principles". That is, pursue the great liberation of thought.
The Practical School is very interesting. It rejects all Confucian routines from the Han Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, and only follows the original thoughts of Confucius and Mencius. It advocates inclusiveness and learning from advanced Western science and technology. For example, Xu Guangqi, who translated "Elements of Geometry" with Matteo Ricci, strictly speaking
It belongs to the Real School of Wangmen’s Psychology. In addition, Zhang Juzheng and Hai Rui are also representatives of the Real School. This school developed to the end of the Ming Dynasty, and its core theory is: emancipate the mind, abandon the imaginary and seek reality, and everything returns to practice and practicality, and
Opposing Yangming’s philosophy of mind (actually opposing the philosophy of mind that moves towards pragmatism).
Unfortunately, among the many schools of thought in the late Ming Dynasty, the Donglin school had the upper hand in the officialdom, while the practical school had less influence on government affairs.
It was not until the Qing Dynasty entered the country and the Ming Dynasty's great trend of thought that a hundred flowers blossomed was strangled and declared dead that it finally began to recover after the Opium War.
Why Wang Yangming is regarded as a saint can be understood by reading the above description. His thoughts on the mind science influenced the entire middle and late Ming Dynasty, and various ideological trends from official circles to the people were all variants and branches of Yangming's mind science.
Nie Bao left, and Wang Yuan continued to listen, and then left.
Zou Shouyi's thoughts on psychology were too traditional, and he copied everything from Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Although the School of Physics also tampered with Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, they all regarded Zhu Xi as a tool, while Zou Shouyi truly regarded Zhu Xi as a sage.
However, scholars with relatively conservative ideas still followed Zou Shouyi's tactics!
Zou Shouyi had only been back in Beijing for more than a month, and he had officially recruited more than ten disciples, and dozens of others came regularly to listen to his lectures.
Fang Xianfu's lectures were exactly the opposite of Zou Shouyi's. This fellow directly stepped on Zhu Xi and demoted Zhu Xi to nothing. He admired Mencius. "Knowing the origin" is Fang Xianfu's core idea. The purpose of studying things to gain knowledge is to understand the origin of all things and to explore one's own origin.
heart, and then align your original heart with the heart of a saint.
Some scholars who did not like to study mathematics and physics, and did not like Zhu Xi, became disciples of Fang Xianfu.
Although these two people have very different core theories, they both agree on the unity of conscience and the unity of knowledge and action. In addition, the School of Physics, which has been developing in the capital for many years, the scholars in Beizhili actually talked about their studies openly and silently, which has become an academic trend and fashion, leading to
In the next Shuntianfu Provincial Examination, there will be a large number of exam-oriented articles explaining the study of mind.
Disciples of mind science don’t hide it anymore. If you pass the exam, you will take the exam. If you fail the exam, you will be put down. Anyway, you should have fun writing articles!
This is also the case in the provincial examinations in several provinces in the south. Many old academic examiners, after marking the papers, went to ask what the study of the heart is. Why are there words like "to achieve conscience" and "unity of knowledge and action" everywhere?
Xinxue, dormant for more than ten years, has begun to flourish!