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Chapter 26 Guangnian Pairs (2)

Wang Mang usurped the throne, and all the heroes came together?

Liu Bei said in shock: "Fourth brother, don't talk nonsense. Although the world is in chaos now, the imperial court still has the power to control it. When the country is to be cleaned up and the world is re-established, the world will still be dominated by the Han Dynasty."

He is a clan member of the Han Dynasty, although his title does not give him any benefits, and the country of Han Dynasty has nothing to do with him.

But this is just like regional protection in later generations. If you are born in a certain place, you will criticize this place every day that this place is not good and that place is not good, and housing prices are high, prices are high, and wages are low. But if people from outside the area criticize you, you will definitely feel uncomfortable, and you have to stand up and defend it.

This is what is called that one's own people can do evil, but outsiders cannot.

Liu Bei's current mentality is also the same.

The Great Han Dynasty does have nothing to do with him, but his surname is Liu and his ancestor is Liu Bang, so of course he will be willing to protect it. And he will not really think about whether the Han Dynasty will perish, because from the perspective of his descendants of the Liu family,

It must be hope that this dynasty will be passed down forever.

However, Chen Mu said with a very serious expression: "Brother, you have also read scriptures with Mr. Lu Zhi and written articles to understand the general trend of the world. Your knowledge should not be so short-sighted. Although the Yellow Turban Rebellion is likely to be put down now, but you

It should be understood that the uprising of Chen She and Wu Guang was quickly put down, but was the world of Qin Dynasty peaceful? If the emperor now used all the money from selling officials and titles to subsidize soldiers and refugees from various places, the country might still be stable for decades. But. But

This is still treating the symptoms rather than the root cause. As long as the court remains so dark, the local people will continue to be in dire straits, and rebels will still emerge in an endless stream. In addition, the emperor is stupid and actually ordered the powerful people from all over the country to form their own troops to resist the rebel bandits. This

It is tantamount to giving up the power of soldiers and horses to those with ulterior motives. In a few years, I am afraid that these regular soldiers with military power and official positions appointed by the court will become the biggest thieves."

The late Eastern Han Dynasty was actually an endless cycle of chaos, with the emperor, eunuchs, relatives, officials, and wealthy families all ruthlessly exploiting the people.

Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty had five to six thousand wives and concubines, and the number of others serving in the palace was even more than that.

Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was even more greedy than Emperor Huan. He expanded the original system of selling officials, and each grade of official had a fixed price. If the person who bought the official couldn't come up with the money at the time, he could still borrow it on credit and double it after he took office.

Payment. This caused corruption among local officials at that time and they crazily exploited the people.

At that time, there was a saying that "officials are not their own people, and government is achieved through bribery." The "Book of the Later Han·Jia Cong Biography" said: "The Yellow Turban was newly broken, and after the fierce military war, the counties and counties were reorganized, and the fate was different."

As soon as the Yellow Turban was broken, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty used the excuse of building a palace to increase taxes.

In the second year of Zhongping, that is, 185, the eunuchs Zhang Rang and Zhao Zhong persuaded Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty to collect money from all over the world, which was called "palace repair money". Ten coins per mu were used to build palaces and cast bronze figures. They also issued an edict.

The cashiers of the prefectures and counties sent the wood, wood, and stone to the capital. The large counties had 20 to 30 million yuan, and the small counties had 10 to 20 million yuan. There were more than 700 or 80 counties in the country, and the wealth reached tens of billions.

All this money was accumulated on the heads of the governors of various counties. The governors had no choice but to continue to collect taxes from the people, exploit the local area, and plunder the people's wealth and support.

Some prefects imitated Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty and bought and sold low-level official positions in local areas to collect money.

Some prefects were honest officials, like the later Julu Prefect Sima Zhi, who was forced to commit suicide by taking medicine because of the money.

Some eunuchs will ask local powerful people for help and ask them to pay for it.

But how could a powerful person give away his money in vain?

So after being forced by local officials to pay a certain amount of "tax", nobles, aristocratic families, local tycoons, and wealthy businessmen from all over the country began to join in the carnival.

In the past, they only dared to embezzle people's land on a small scale, but now they are directly and unscrupulously occupying fields, enslaving farmers, extorting, extravagant and excessive, and almost depriving them of all the land.

People everywhere were forced to go bankrupt and fled, suffering from hunger and cold, with no way to survive.

This top-down contradiction has been accumulating since the time of Emperor Han'an of the Han Dynasty, and it completely broke out this year, resulting in the vigorous Yellow Turban Uprising.

In fact, the problem can also be seen from the development and evolution in the late Han Dynasty.

In addition to being a vampire to collect property, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty made two of his biggest mistakes. One was to allow local powerful men to form an army during the Yellow Turban Rebellion, and the other was to reset the state pastoral system.

The former led to the separatist rule among the heroes in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, such as the eighteen princes who attacked Dong Zhuo, all of which benefited from the local government order to form an army.

The latter one actually created the Three Kingdoms. Due to the state pastoral system, the power of the state pastors in each state was no different from that of the emperor. They expanded the army, collected taxes, appointed officials, merged the armies formed by local powerful people, and finally expanded to a country.

The most typical example is Cao Cao. After the eighteen princes rebelled against Dong, Cao Cao occupied Yanzhou and established himself as the governor of Yanzhou. He conquered the south and the north, annexed a large number of local forces in the north, and finally established the Cao Wei regime.

From these two points, we can also see how much impact Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty had on the place controlled by the imperial court.

Although the rebellions in various places were gradually quelled due to these two decrees, it can be said that the enemy was injured by 800 and the self was damaged by 2000, which directly led to the increase of local power and the reduction of the power of the court, which essentially turned the Han Dynasty court into the Zhou royal family. That way, there is no real mascot.

However, as a counselor who wanted to lobby Liu Bei for the idea of ​​separatist rule, Chen Mu would certainly not say that the world would be divided into three parts in the future. After all, there was no state-pastoral system yet, and local power was limited to certain military powers.

If you are one step ahead, you are a smart person; if you are ten steps ahead, you are a madman, and you will be regarded as a ghost and ask a wizard to cast a spell.

Therefore, Chen Mu only talked about the harm of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty opening up military power in various places, but did not talk about the state pastoral system that would appear in the future, which would have a huge impact on the world.

But even so, Liu Bei looked unhappy and retorted: "Fourth brother, don't talk nonsense. Although the emperor is ridiculous, there are still three loyal and honest people in the court, Yang Taiwei, Yuan Situ, and Zhang Sikong, as well as the Marquis of Luxiang. , Liu Junlang, Zhang Sinong, Deng Taipu and other loyal and patriotic people support the government. With them here, the court will definitely be able to bring order to the chaos and restore order."

Taiwei Yang is Yang Ci, who was deposed just this month. Due to the underdevelopment of information in ancient times, Liu Bei doesn't know yet. Situ is Yuan Wei, the uncle of Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu. Zhang Sikong is the imperial master Zhang Ji, not Zhang Xiu's uncle, who was a famous figure in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the emperor's teacher, passed away two days ago, and Si Nong Zhang Wen took over Sikong's position.

As for the Marquis of Luxiang, Liu Junlang, Zhang Sinong, and Taipu Deng, they are Guang Luxun Liu Kuan, Zongzheng Liu Yan, Da Sinong Zhang Wen, and Taipu Deng Sheng. However, they all have personnel changes this year, such as Zhang Wenqian. After Sikong and Yang Ci were deposed, the servant Deng Sheng took on the heavy responsibility of the Taiwei.

These things all happened in the imperial court. Liu Bei was far away fighting in Jizhou, so of course he didn't know anything about it. However, these people he mentioned were indeed considered upright and upright ministers after being punished by the party.

But you need to know who gave these people their power?

Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty is still in control of the central government. As long as he is a coward, how upright and honest are his ministers?

What's more, only these few people in the court can see. Among them, Liu Yan, whom Liu Bei is optimistic about, is still the source of all evil. He himself has a tampering heart. Others such as Dahonglu Cao Song, Tingwei Cui Lie, and Weiwei Dong Zhong are not.

Any good thing is achieved either by relatives or by buying officials. It is strange that such a court can be good.

It's just that the authorities are confused and only bystanders can tell. Chen Mu knew what disaster the court's series of measures would bring to the local area, and he also knew that the emperor and ministers in the court were unreliable, but how could anyone know that at the time?

Even a man as far-sighted as Cao Cao had to wait until Dong Zhuo's rebellion to realize that the world had changed and that Qin had lost its deer, let alone Liu Bei, who did not have the long-term vision of Cao Cao?

Therefore, Liu Bei did not listen to Chen Mu's advice at all.

Seeing that he didn't believe it, Chen Mu thought for a moment and gave up the idea of ​​persuading Liu Bei to make plans to become independent.

He originally wanted to tell Liu Bei that the current situation would be more turbulent in the future, and he should take this opportunity to make military exploits. After he had a certain official position, he would then find a way to buy a bigger official position. When the world was in chaos, he would have a piece of land to recuperate.

You won’t end up living a homeless life later on.

But now Liu Bei doesn't listen to the advice at all, so he can only say it in another way.

Chen Mu then said: "Since the eldest brother doesn't believe it, then I should treat it as a foolish brother's nonsense and don't take it seriously. However, the eldest brother has always had a benevolent heart. Now the people everywhere are in dire straits and the world is in chaos. In the future, if the elder brother wants to protect the country and the people, will he have a good choice in mind?

"

This is asking where Liu Bei would like to be if he became a local official in the future.

Liu Bei said without hesitation: "Of course it's Youzhou."

Returning home in fine clothes.

Who doesn’t want to return to his hometown to honor his ancestors?

Chen Mu said: "I asked my eldest brother before what my ambitions were. He said that being a governor is enough. I advise him to think further. To be a governor, you have to make meritorious deeds. After becoming a governor, you must also have

A better ambition is to be a governor, a general, or a nine minister, yes or no?"

"good."

Liu Bei nodded: "So since then, I have changed my ambition. I hope that if I can become the governor, I can further become a prefect or general in the future. I will mention on the tombstone the tomb of Liu Hou, the former Han Dynasty general who conquered the north."

"Then I would like to ask, based on the achievements that eldest brother has made in helping General Lu pacify the six counties of Guangping, how high can he be?"

Liu Bei hesitated and said, "Maybe I can become a county magistrate?"

He was originally the 600-stone Zhonglang officer. If he only had his current merits, even with Lu Zhi's recommendation, he would have been promoted to a 600-stone county magistrate at most, and it was impossible to be the governor.

"What about pacifying Zhangjiao?"

"This is a great achievement. Although the master is the first to do it, if I can attack Guangping City first, the governor should be able to do it."

Liu Bei was very ambitious. These days, he led Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to kill the enemy desperately, charging at the forefront every time, just to make more military exploits and achieve the feat of appointing him as the governor of one side in the future.

If you want to rise to the top in one step and become the governor in a white body, you can only do it with such great achievements as pacifying the leader of the thieves.

Although the imperial court rewards people for their merits, Lu Zhi must have been the first to do so. But if he could capture Zhang Jiao alive or take the lead in attacking the city, it would be a great achievement. With Lu Zhi's recommendation, he might really be able to become the governor.

If there is no vacancy for the governor, it would be a good idea to be a local county magistrate with real power, a county magistrate, a county magistrate, and a governor.

After all, the title of the governor sounds great, but in the Han Dynasty, he was just a supervisor who heard about things. The local county magistrates, county magistrates, and chief historians who were all six hundred stones all had much greater power than the governor, and there were not many people.

Thinking of a governor.

However, Liu Bei actually didn't know that since the Yellow Turbans, the power given by the imperial court to local governors had become more and more powerful, and finally developed to the point where it actually had the power to appoint and remove personnel.

In the past, prefectures and county magistrates in various places were appointed by the imperial court. The governor only had the power to impeach local officials, but did not have the power to remove them. If it was found that a prefecture magistrate in a certain place had acted corruptly and perverted the law, the governor could report to the court and have it examined by the emperor and the Three Dukes.

Deal with the prefect and county magistrate.

After the Yellow Turban Rebellion, the power of local governors became stronger and stronger, and central supervision became weaker. Many governors took advantage of the situation and took over the power of appointing and removing personnel from the imperial court.

With this power, in just a few years, the governor changed from the original supervisor to the governor of a state.

In the fifth year of Zhongping, that is, 188, Liu Yan simply suggested to Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty that the governor should be changed to the governor of the state.

Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty actually agreed to this ridiculous request. This was probably because the governors in many places already had substantial state pastoral power and could not afford to lose their power, so they simply followed the trend.


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