Just like how he treated those families in Zichuan and Zhangqiu before, what should be cleaned up and rectified still needs to be cleaned up and rectified, mainly the fields. The occupied fields should be taken back, privately mined mines should be registered, and shops and workshops must be reported and registered truthfully.
Receive a ministry license and pay taxes according to regulations.
Sun Xiaoen complained to Zhu Yihai that since Chongzhen, there has never been peace in Shandong.
"In the twelfth year of Chongzhen, the Qing soldiers bypassed Beijing and went south, invaded Shandong, broke into Jinan City, and looted wantonly. At that time, 8,851 young men were killed and captured in Jinan, and all the livestock of the people were taken away.
, In the next few years, the oxen cost twenty taels of silver per head, and the big ones were worth thirty taels of silver. The poor people worked with each other to plow, leading six or seven people to drag a plow, and they were tired from three or four acres a day."
The Tatars massacred and robbed Shandong and caused an outbreak of plague, killing countless people.
"In the 16th year, the Qing army attacked Shandong again. Although they did not defeat Jinan, they captured Tai'an. Many aristocratic families were also wiped out. A rich man's family had beggars in the city. The entire Shandong was trampled into a hell on earth, and they traveled two thousand miles.
, no human habitation..."
Sun Xiaoen told the emperor that it was not that the scholars in Shandong were spineless and unrighteous. The Tatars invaded Shandong twice before entering the customs. There were also countless officials and soldiers in Shandong, as well as the gentry and the common people who resisted.
When Jinan was conquered in the twelfth year, the Jinan soldiers were transferred by Yang Sichang, leaving the city empty. There were only 500 rural soldiers and 700 reinforcements from Laizhou. However, under the leadership of the patrol censor Song Xuezhu, the officials and people in the city still stood firm. Although
They only defended the city for ten days, but no one escaped.
From patrol officers, to chief envoys, to deputy envoys, magistrates, county magistrates, soldiers and soldiers, salt transport envoys, and even professors, all of them died generously and sacrificed their lives for the country.
The two big families, the Binzhou Du family and the Xintian Wang family, are also very brave.
In the 15th year, the Qing army invaded Binzhou, and Du Lu, the former Taiyuan, Shanxi, who resigned from his old age and returned to his hometown, immediately organized the children of the Du family in the city to defend the city. They were full of fierceness and looked forward to death. In the end, he died after the city was broken.
After the city was broken, Du Fu was unwilling to follow the thieves. He cursed the Qing soldiers and died. All six of his sons were killed. One after another, the descendants of the Du family rushed to kill the Tatars, and almost all of them were wiped out.
After the Qing army captured Binzhou, they passed through Xincheng, and the Wang family in Xincheng also defended the city to resist.
Even as early as the Wang family's rebellion, Wang Xiang, who was the co-president of Baoding at the time, was recovering at home. Hearing the news, he jumped up from his bed and made an impassioned speech: "My family has been blessed by the country, how can I not go?" So he called the villagers to share the blood with his son.
At the top of the city, after the city fell, both father and son were captured and unyieldingly killed.
When the Qing army invaded, the Wang family still shared the same hatred and showed unprecedented heroism. The children who usually spent their days reciting poems and painting took up bows, arrows and spears to defend the city. In this military disaster, the Wang family in Xincheng suffered heavy losses. Not only the family
The ancestral compound was looted and burned down by the Qing soldiers. More than 30 family members were killed, and the younger generation of the family's elite were almost extinct.
It was precisely because of this military disaster that the Wang family, which originally produced several Jinshi and many high-ranking officials in Wang Xiangfu's generation, was finally discontinued. Today, only Wang Shizhen's brothers have become somewhat famous as they grew up, but not
Restore the grand occasion of the past when the family was full of ministers.
Later, when Beijing fell, Wang Yuyin, the second son of Wang Xiangjin, committed suicide at home with his wife and children. He had already gone to Huguang Road to supervise the imperial censor.
He was the last young elite of the Wang family at that time.
It can be said that before the Qing army entered the customs, the performance of the noble families in Shandong was actually good, and the loyal families like the Wang family in Xincheng were not an exception.
But why did it later become the Tatar Manchu Dynasty in Shandong?
To be honest, Li Zicheng has to bear a lot of responsibility.
Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, Chongzhen hanged himself at Meishan, and the Ming Dynasty fell.
The Dashun Dynasty sent troops to Shandong. Those Dashun officials who came to Shandong recruited local thieves and villains as servants. In the name of cutting off the rich and helping the poor, they brought the torture and plunder methods of the capital to Shandong, and attacked the local gentry and aristocratic families in Shandong. The noble families exploited, and many slaves of big families took the opportunity to demand slave deeds, seize property, and launch slave revolts everywhere. The slave revolts swept through Shandong and became more and more intense. The big ones killed people and set fires, and the small ones looted everything.
The aristocratic family suffered greater damage than when the Tatars went to Shandong twice.
As a result, aristocratic families organized themselves to punish counterfeiters. Lu Shihejue, Zhao Jiding, Cheng Xinzhen, Xie Sheng and others who took the lead were all from Dezhou. The Lu, Zhao, Cheng and Xie families, as well as Liu Konghe from Jinan, were also in Changbai Mountain. Raise troops.
They raised armies to kill the traitors, which was not only their loyalty to the Ming Dynasty, but also the protection of their own interests.
Soon after, the Qing army entered the pass, Shandong's Shun army completely evacuated, and the Qing army moved south.
Unlike the Shun army who tortured and oppressed everywhere, the Qing army wanted to stabilize the situation when they first entered the pass. They carried out a large-scale recruitment policy for the local people, especially the gentry and prominent families. As soon as they entered Beijing, they asked Wang Yong'ao, the right minister of the household department who was registered in Shandong, to recruit him. Shandong, Henan and other places.
He also immediately recommended more than 40 senior officials including Xie Sheng, a former university scholar from Texas, and the Tatars immediately let them serve as officials in the Qing Dynasty.
Xie Sheng and others originally wanted to raise troops to kill the puppets and support the Ming Dynasty, but under Wang Yong'ao's intervention and after receiving the Tatars' appeasement promise, they finally chose to join the new dynasty, and Dongchang, Linqing and other places were peaceful.
Therefore, after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, Shandong suppressed the Shun army and local bandits faster than any other province. Sun Zhixian and other Shandong-born officials from the former Ming Dynasty entered the court one after another to receive recruitment and appointments, and quickly took up their posts. He held important positions at the central and local levels and recruited various places for the Manchu Qing Dynasty.
The famous families in Shandong naturally joined the new dynasty one after another, and took advantage of the Qing army to quickly wipe out the remnants of the Shandong army, as well as the bandits and slaves who had become slaves.
This choice was undoubtedly based on its own interests first. After the Shun army captured Beijing, they could take Shandong without a single soldier. However, they later tortured and plundered in Shandong just like they did in Beijing, and even indulged and even provoked slave rebellions. , completely breaking the old order, and even forced these gentry and tycoons to face the opposite side, forcing them to raise troops to kill the hypocrites.
They resisted the Shun army and also wanted to be loyal to the Ming Dynasty.
This chapter is not finished yet. Please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! However, after experiencing the plunder of the Shun army, these Shandong noble families expressed support for the Qing army that then entered the pass. The most important thing was the Qing army's support for the Qing army. Their recruitment strategies protect their status and property.
If Dashun had not tortured and oppressed them after entering Shandong, most of them might have been happy to support the new dynasty and serve as officials in the new dynasty.
Faced with the torture and plunder of the Shun army and the attack of slave rebels, the distressed Shandong gentry chose to join forces with the Manchus to suppress the Shun army, slave rebels, and restore local order. It was even an inevitable choice.
After the Qing army moved south, rebels still emerged one after another in Shandong. In fact, many of them were slaves.
For example, Xie Qian was originally a slave of the Han family.
After Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty hanged himself, Beijing fell, the Shun army went south to torture and plunder, the slave rebellion was turbulent, and the Qing army went south to pacify, etc., the noble families of Shandong were actually torn apart.
Most of them turned to join the New Dynasty, only a small number went south to follow Zhengshuo, and some saw through the world of mortals and retired to the mountain gate.
For example, Lu Shi?, the Texas-based censor who organized the rebellion against the puppets with Xie Sheng and others, actively participated in the campaign against the puppets. However, after Xie Sheng and others returned to the Qing army, he resigned from the original official treatment given by the Qing Dynasty on the grounds of serious illness. , but in fact he has been doing well at home.
The Wang family in Xincheng and the Du family in Binzhou had once resisted the Qing army loyally, so after the Qing army went south, they refused to serve as officials on the grounds of supporting the elderly. Although both families encouraged their young people to take part in the imperial examination in last year's imperial examination, The fundamental reason is that these families all started their families through imperial examinations. If they did not participate in the imperial examinations and lost the honor of being promoted to Jinshi, the family would quickly weaken, especially since many gentry could not maintain their privileges.
They may not want to become an official immediately, but they do not want their family to lose its status as a nobleman, and they are also very conflicted in their hearts.
It is even conceivable that when the older generation passes away, how many of the younger generation will still be attached to those things.
Just like Binzhou Du Yao, his father Du Ruomo died under the sword of the Qing army in the battle against the Qing army in the fifteenth year of Chongzhen. He was twenty-one years old at the time and also participated in that battle, but in the third year of Shunzhi, After the period of filial piety to his father expired, he took part in the provincial examination in Shandong and passed the imperial examination. The next year, he went to Beijing to take the general examination and passed the imperial examination.
In fact, it is said that Du Yang was actually unwilling to serve as an official in the Qing Dynasty when his father's body was still cold, but his family persuaded him to take the imperial examination.
The interests of the family and the pressure of survival make it impossible for the Du family in Binzhou to give up the imperial examination. Their status must be maintained by gaining fame through the imperial examination and then entering the officialdom. Otherwise, if they lose these, they will become rich people in the countryside. At the mercy of others.
For the sake of his family, Du Yang was extremely hesitant, but finally compromised and went to Beijing. In the end, he ranked among the top three and was granted the same background as a Jinshi.
The turmoil of the troubled times made Du Yao understand his responsibility. In those years, slaves rebelled, thieves sprang up, and lawless people took advantage of the fire. Du Yao was forced to leave his hometown with his family and take refuge at sea. His second brother caught wind and cold on the road and could not afford to fall ill. , Du Yao took on the responsibility of taking care of his mother and brothers. He was deeply impressed by the shortage of supplies on the ship, the cold and damp conditions, the displacement, and the lack of security.
The countryside was deserted, and the fields were occupied by slaves and tenants. There was no land rent, the cattle and sheep were lost, and even the ancestral home was occupied. Later, when the Qing army went south, some stability was restored in the hometown, and Du Yang was able to return to his hometown and even take it back. The land, ancestral home, etc.
Afterwards, the Qing army recruited more and more people, and those who had no merit and fame were increasingly oppressed. Du Yang had no choice but to embark on the road of imperial examination and become an official in the Qing Dynasty.
The Du family in Binzhou and the Wang family in Xincheng can be said to be famous representatives of the Shandong gentry at that time. They resisted fiercely, revolted generously, and were full of loyalty.
But also in the subsequent turmoil, the family weakened,
In the end, Du Yang was forced to take part in the imperial examination to gain fame for the sake of his family.
The Wang Shizhen brothers of the Wang family took refuge in Zouping's maternal grandfather's Sun family's house. Life was not particularly difficult. Later, their father Wang Yuchi was recommended to serve as an official. He resigned on the grounds that his father Xiang Jin was old, and let his sons
Read with peace of mind at home.
This is not only because the Wang family had resisted the Tatars and more than thirty loyal men died, but also because the brothers and the Yin family committed suicide and martyred the country, so the Wang family had even more resentment in their hearts.
Of course, the Wang family has many in-laws and they are all from well-known families. Many of them served as officials in the Qing Dynasty, including the Sun family where they lived, and the Gao family in Zichuan, so the family could still be maintained for a while.
Sun Xiaoen complained to the emperor, and what he said was indeed the truth.
It’s not that everyone in Shandong surrendered, it’s just that they did go through a lot. When Zhu Yihai raised his troops, there were many righteous gentry in eastern Zhejiang. In fact, it was the same in Shandong at the beginning.
But there was no sage king like Zhu Yihai in Shandong. There were only King Heng who could not support him, King De who was kidnapped early and then surrendered, and King Lu who had the guts to go south long ago.
Who could the Shandong people rely on? When they revolted and were suppressed, most people eventually chose to join the new dynasty.
Zhu Yihai somewhat agreed with these words, because history is like this, just like in real history, although the Zhejiang Uprising was passionate and generous, it did not last long and was quickly extinguished, although some still retreated to the sea.
, such as Zhang Huangyan, Zhang Mingzhen and others followed Zhu Yihai, the maritime superintendent, and persisted for another eighteen years.
But the vast majority of people were defeated and eventually compromised and surrendered.
So we can't blame them entirely.
There were lessons learned from the failure of the Shun Army, so Zhu Yihai didn't plan to settle anything with them, so that was fine.
"Your Majesty, there is a female nun coming from outside the city holding a white flag."
"oh?"
"There are still words on the flag,"
"The virtues of the Sixteenth Emperors are in their people, and they can predict their revival and reconstruction."
"Three hundred years of official loyalty have been wiped out, and I would like to express my corporal's lonely loyalty!"
When these four sentences were read out in the hall, almost all the local gentry read out a name, "Liu Konghe."
Some people immediately thought of this female nun. She must have recruited three thousand soldiers to revolt with Liu Konghe and later took over Jinan. Finally, she went to Xuzhou. After Liu Zeqing killed her husband, she returned home in despair.
She was also from the Wang family in Xincheng, who was ordained as a nun in Changbai Mountain.
Sun Xiaoen reported this to the emperor in detail.
The widowed son of the chief academician of the Chongzhen Dynasty, he was also a heroine who could draw a bow, shoot arrows, and lift stones. He once led troops to kill the king, but in the end, Liu Zeqing killed her husband. In despair, he disbanded the rebel army and became a nun.
.
Those four sentences were written by Liu Konghe himself when he was setting up flags at the foot of Changbai Mountain to recruit troops.
Zhu Yihai was greatly moved after hearing this.
Although many Shandong gentry eventually chose to join the Tatars at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Shandong also produced many generous and tragic loyalists.
And because the vast majority of people eventually compromised and surrendered for the sake of family interests, those who never compromised were even more rare.
Just like the Sun Wang family in front of me.
"Pass an edict to invite the Sun Wang family to the city to meet you."
Such a heroic woman must be seen and commended.
Even after seeing the numerous representatives of Shandong's famous families who surrendered today, he felt more and more that the Wang family in Xincheng, which had not been inconspicuous before, was really amazing. Their family resisted the Tatars and died for more than thirty years. They were young and handsome, and the family finally
An outstanding young handsome man also committed suicide and died for his country. Faced with the Tatar recruitment and the recommendation to become an official, they still decisively refused, allowing their children to study in peace. This alone deserves Zhu Yihai's special appreciation for reusing the Xincheng Wang family.
.
And the Sun Wang family who brought the flag should be promoted even more.
There are still many loyal and loyal people in Shandong.
