The ministries and agencies have already sent people to Beijing to check the front station, and the pier is packed with people every day.
In Penglai Palace.
Zhu Yihai held a court meeting. There was a huge sand table in the middle of the hall. It was made by the Staff Department of the Ministry of War. It was very exquisite, especially the mountains, rivers, cities, cities, plains and hills were displayed in detail. Looking at the sand table was like looking down at the earth from the sky.
This sand table is bounded by the Yanshan Mountains to the southwest, the Changbai Mountains of the Yalu River to the southeast, the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea to the south, the Xiliao River Plain and the Horqin Grassland to the north, the Lower Liaohe Plain to the east, and the Laoha River and Daling River to the west.
Big river.
"The minister suggested that the Western Liaoning Province should be divided and merged into one Liaoning Province, which could be renamed Liaoning Province. It starts from the Yanshan Mountains in the southwest, is bounded by Nuruerhu Mountain in the west, and is bounded by the Yanbei Great Wall built by the Yan State during the Warring States Period in the north.
, reaching Shuangliao at the intersection of the East and West Liao Rivers in the northeast, and its watershed as a boundary in the east, reaching Tonghua City and the banks of the Yalu River."
Wen Anzhi believes that the Central Plains Dynasty's control over western Liaoning was actually limited to the Liaoxi Corridor. The control of the Daling River hilly and mountainous area to the north was weak, and many Mongolian tribes in southern Mongolia were now nomadic.
It would be better to merge western Liaoning and eastern Liaoning into one province, move Han people to live in the plain areas of the western Liaoning corridor, and settle Mongolians in the valleys and hilly areas around the Daling River in the mountainous areas to the north, just like the chieftains were established in the southwest, and just like the Qing court, they were given
They demarcate boundaries and set up flags. It is best to split large tribes into many small tribes and then mix them with other tribes to form flags to enhance their control.
The Great Wall of Yanbei during the Warring States Period started approximately from the northeast of Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, passed through Duolun, Dushi and other places in Inner Mongolia, and then eastward through Weichang, Hebei Province, Chaoyang, Liaoning, Tonghua, Jilin and other places.
There is a long section, which is basically built along the natural boundary line between Nuruerhu Mountain and other mountainous hills and Horqin sandy grassland.
Mountains and grasslands are naturally different geographical units.
Nuruerhu Mountain is also a very important mountain range. This mountain is the watershed of many rivers. To the west is the Laoha River system, and to the east are the Daling River and other water systems. With the mountain as the boundary, all the rivers in the east flow eastward.
Everything in the west flows westward.
Wen Anzhi believed that the area that could be actually controlled by establishing a separate province in western Liaoning was too small, so it was better to merge the two Liaos into one province.
Zhu Dadian, a scholar at Wuyingdian, had a different opinion. He believed that the Ming Dynasty now had strong soldiers and horses, especially guns and artillery, so the nomadic peoples in the past were no longer opponents of the Central Plains.
Taking advantage of the current opportunity of ZTE, it is time to resolve some issues left over from history.
The Ming Dynasty also established Daning Guards outside the Pass, but it was later moved inward, which was a mistake. To ensure that the rejuvenating Ming Dynasty can maintain long-term peace and stability, Liaodong outside the Pass is very important, and to ensure long-term peace and stability in Liaodong outside the Pass, the area in northern Yan and western Liaoning is important.
The most important thing is to only protect the Western Liaoning Corridor, which is too fragile.
All the mountainous areas in northern Yan and western Liao must also be brought under the direct control of the Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Dadian's suggestion was that the two Liaos should still be centered on the Liaohe River, and that the western Liaoning Province should still be bounded by Nuruerhu Mountain in the west, starting from Shanhaiguan in the west, and should be drawn directly to the south bank of the Liaohe River in the north.
As for the Laoha River Basin to the west of Nuruerhu Mountain, as well as the Mongolian Plateau to the west, the Xilamulun River to the north, and the Great Wall to the south, this area can be integrated into the Chengde Province of the three previously established Yanbei Provinces.
Whether it is Wen Anzhi or Zhu Dadian, their province planning is still based on the watersheds of several major mountain ranges. Rather than using rivers as boundaries, in mountainous areas, it is actually more reasonable to use some large mountains as boundaries.
After all, the people on both sides of the river often have the same living habits, culture, etc., but on the two sides of the mountains, because of the high mountains and the inaccessibility, they often have two different living habits, and they may even have different pronunciations and different species.
Zhu Yihai looked at the sand table.
The core of Wen'an's plan to merge the two Liaos into one was to consider the mountainous areas and the Mongolian tribes in the western Liaohe River Plain. They actually occupied these places, and this area has always been a weak point of Han rule, so they firmly grasped the western Liaoning Corridor and the lower
Liaohe Plain and Liaodong Peninsula.
Zhu Dadian believed that the Ming Dynasty must develop Liaodong, and the Lower Liaohe River Plain was the center of gravity, but other places could not be ignored, otherwise it would be difficult to ensure security over time. Therefore, it was simply divided into two provinces, Liaodong and Liaoxi, with the Liaohe River as the boundary, and each of the two provinces was divided into plain areas.
As a foundation, we can then drive the surrounding mountainous areas to develop together.
At the same time, there is Bohai Province to the east of Liaodong, and Chengde Province to the west of western Liaoning. These two provinces can be colonized by a small number of garrisoned immigrants, mainly resettling Mongolian banners, and implement the policy of direct administration and chieftain parallelism, which also serves as a buffer.
The strategies of the two pavilion elders are different.
Wen'an's method is closer to the traditional method, and it is also the most cost-effective, quickest to produce results, and may even be the easiest solution for Mongolia, Jurchens, etc. to accept.
The cost of doing things like Zhu Dadian's is high, and it may arouse the dissatisfaction of the Mongolian and Jurchen people in Liang Liao and other places.
After Jianlu entered the pass, a county government was established in the western part of Liaoning, along this corridor for dozens of miles along the coast. To the north of it, between Songling and Nuruerhu Mountains, a Zhuosuotu League was set up to resettle the
The Karaqin Left Wing Banner, the Tumut Right Wing Banner, the Karaqin Middle Banner, the Karaqin Right Wing Banner, and the Chahar Left and Right Wing Banners are here, as well as the Eight Manchurian Banners.
To the north of Nuruerhu Mountain is the Zhaowuda League composed of the Khalkha, Aohan, Ongnute, Balin, Kesketeng, Naiman, Jarut, and Alukorqin tribes.
The Xiliao River Plain and the Songnen Plain further north are the Zhelimu League composed of the banners of Horqin and Gorros tribes.
Wen'an's division of provinces obviously meant the division of Han and Mongolia. Zhu Dadian, on the other hand, brought all Mongolia and Manchuria under the direct control of the Ming Dynasty, or in a semi-fettered state.
Zhu Yihai thought about it for a while, but actually he was more inclined to Zhu Dadian's plan.
It's easy to give up now, but it may become a hidden danger later.
Before the Ming Dynasty, Mongolia was either attacked or resisted. In any case, it was an enemy foreign country. Although Jianqiu was founded only a few years ago, they fought all the way to defeat Lin Dan Khan, win over the Mongolian right-wing tribes, and set up an alliance flag.
The system is actually quite advanced.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! This is based on the ten thousand household system established by Genghis Khan in Mongolia and the customary alliance system in Mongolia. It has great basic conditions. Combined with the Qing Dynasty
The Eight Banners System establishes a system of alliance flags.
It is not only to win over various departments, but also to differentiate and control.
It was customized by Huang Taiji, matured by Dorgon, and developed into the Sixth Alliance, which is the Sixth Mongolian Alliance of Neizhasak.
Mongolia's Ten Thousand Households Department is a very good military organization system. With hierarchical structures such as hundreds of households, thousands of households, and ten thousand households, it can quickly condense and disperse the family organization of nomadic tribes without affecting the daily individual nomadic life.
Life.
The biggest characteristic of Mongolian nomadism is that they herd livestock independently, especially horses. If the herds are too close to each other or the herd is too large, competition will increase, resulting in a decrease in the quantity and quality of the herds.
And if the tribe is small and relatively isolated, it is easy to be attacked by other tribes. This is also the reason why tribes often fight among themselves on the grassland.
Therefore, conflicts between tribes always continued around the grassland. Later, Genghis Khan established a system of hundreds of households and thousands of households, and implemented a crazy external expansion model to obtain more grassland by conquering other areas.
By the end of the Ming Dynasty, Mongolia had long been divided and regressed. The tribal system represented by clan names had regained its dominance, and internal struggles and divisions had intensified.
It was almost as if Mongolia lost its centralized power in the Central Plains and returned to the era of tribal separatism.
Later, the Jianzhou Jurchens wooed the Mongolian right-wing factions and defeated them one by one. After the Horqin tribe Xie Khan expressed his submission, Huang Taiji took advantage of the situation and sent ministers to form an alliance with the Horqin Ten Banners to discuss and promulgate matters related to expeditions, postal services, and case trials.
, this was a formal alliance under the leadership of the Qing court. This alliance also stipulated the time, location and responsibilities of the alliance.
With the successive military victories of the founding of the state, more and more Monan Mongolian tribes surrendered to the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and their control over Mongolia also strengthened.
Later, the Manchu and Qing Dynasties moved and dispersed the Mongolian tribes, dividing some large tribes into many small tribes, and even formed a banner from several small tribes of different tribes, and then formed a banner from different tribes.
alliance.
Before entering the customs, three alliances were made, once every three years. After entering the customs, three more places were added to form six alliances.
Each alliance meeting was presided over by ministers, and the Qing court appointed alliance leaders, banner leaders such as Zasak, etc. to each alliance and banner. They also implemented a marriage system to promote the unity of Manchu and Mongolia.
The Qing Dynasty's alliance and flag system was implemented very smoothly. The key is that the alliance has the foundation of Mongolian tradition. Secondly, the Manchu Qing Dynasty protected the interests of the Mongolian tribes, princes and nobles, especially through the marriage of the upper class, allowing Mongolia to successfully enter.
the ruling class.
The formation of the flag itself is also suitable for the nomadic characteristics of the Mongolian tribes.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, there was no fighting in the Mongolian civil war. Especially Lin Dan Khan's method of forcibly conquering the tribes and restoring the centralized power of the Mongol Khan caused dissatisfaction among the tribes. During the Ming and Qing wars, the Mongolian tribes became dissatisfied.
The Ministry also suffered great losses, and it was natural that the Jurchens were eventually beaten and half-coaxed to appease him.
Compared with the previous Ming Dynasty, which simply set up guards for the Mongolian and Jurchen tribes who surrendered, the Manchu and Qing alliance flag system was obviously more advanced, with deeper interference in management and naturally stronger influence and control.
The alliance flag system and the southwestern chieftain system are actually very different. They are governance systems formulated according to local conditions according to different traditions of various places.
"If the chief minister is worried that the Mongols and the Jurchen tribe are unwilling to surrender, then he should treat them with courtesy first, then attack them, and then appease them. After appeasement, they should be divided and reorganized appropriately, relocated, set up a governor's office, and hold regular alliances. There will be a governor's office under it, divided into divisions.
The Mongolian princes were nomadic in the world, and the imperial court appointed Mongolian princes as guardians and governors. At the same time, the imperial court sent chief historians, Sima, etc. to serve, responsible for assisting in Biding, household registration, litigation and adjudication, tribute, mutual trade, postal delivery and other matters."
In some important places, such as Chengde, Daning, Pingquan, Chifeng, Chahan and other places, the imperial court established villages, towns, and even provincial towns, prefectures, counties, etc., and established a post station along transportation arteries or major river valleys.
Along the post road, not only post houses and delivery shops were set up, but also military forts and depots were built, and Han people were moved to settle the land for farming and grazing, etc.
Just like the Ming Dynasty's previous rule and development of the Yunnan-Guizhou region, the chieftains were conferred, but at the same time, post roads were set up, garrison stations were set up along the post roads, and immigrants were resettled.
As long as a road can be opened and this communication line maintained, the entire area can be initially controlled.
This line is composed of nodes, and the nodes can be continuously expanded. Connect the points to form a line, and then branch out to establish new branches.
"Tell Zhang Guowei that since we have captured Liaochen, we should go all out and continue the attack. First, we can level the Liaohe Plain, and then the surrounding mountainous areas. We can also advance to the east and west Liaohe River areas upstream. Those Mongolians and Jurchens who are unwilling to surrender can be wiped out.
."
"Those who are willing to submit should not only be appeased appropriately, but also be divided and reorganized into the capital guards, governor's offices, and those places where the imperial court is still there. Some important places should be selected to set up military fortresses, towns, etc."
The emperor finally chose Zhu Dadian's plan, covering the six provinces of Liaodong, West Liaoning, Bohai, Chengde, Xuanhua, Suiyuan and Guanwai.